Optimization and validation of multiresidual extraction methods for pharmaceuticals in Soil, Lettuce, and Earthworms

作     者：Mravcová, Ludmila Amrichová, Anna Navrkalová, Jitka Hamplová, Marie Sedlář, Marian Gargošová, Helena Zlámalová Fučík, Jan 

作者机构：Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection Faculty of Chemistry Brno University of Technology Purkyňova 118 Brno612 00 Czech Republic CEITEC Brno University of Technology Purkyňova 656/123 Brno612 00 Czech Republic 

出 版 物：《Environmental Science and Pollution Research》 (Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res.)

年 卷 期：2024年第31卷第22期

页      面：33120-33140页

核心收录：

学科分类：0830[工学-环境科学与工程（可授工学、理学、农学学位）] 080701[工学-工程热物理] 1201[管理学-管理科学与工程(可授管理学、工学学位)] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术] 08[工学] 0807[工学-动力工程及工程热物理] 0837[工学-安全科学与工程] 0703[理学-化学] 0901[农学-作物学] 0814[工学-土木工程] 

主　　题：Mass spectrometry 

摘      要：The presence of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals (PhACs) in the environment poses potential risks. To comprehensively assess these risks, robust multiresidual analytical methods are essential for determining a broad spectrum of PhAC classes in various environmental compartments (soil, plants, and soil organisms). This study optimized extraction methods for analyzing over 40 PhACs from various matrices, including soil, lettuce, and earthworms. A four-step ultrasonic extraction method with varying extraction conditions and subsequent solid phase extraction was developed for soil samples. QuEChERS methods were optimized for extracting PhACs from lettuce and earthworm samples, addressing a literature gap in these less-studied matrices. The quantification of PhACs in soil, lettuce, and earthworm extracts was performed using a single LC–MS/MS method. Following thorough method validation, earthworms and lettuce were exposed to a mixture of 27 pharmaceuticals in a soil environment. The method validation results demonstrated the robustness of these methods for a broad spectrum of PhACs. Specifically, 29 out of 42 PhACs were extracted with an average efficiency 50% and RSD 50% and %RSD 50% and RSD © The Author(s) 2024.