Optimized and Non Ti-Site Doped Synthesis of Lithium Titanate by Mechanochemical Method

作     者：Zhao, Wei Lin, Daoyong Liu, Zhifu Cao, Lei Zhao, Jingjun Liu, Yue Li, Da Ma, Guanxiang 

作者机构：China University of Petroleum Beijing102249 China National Engineering Research Center of Green Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China China Minmetals Corporation Beijing100027 China Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of Sciences Ganzhou341000 China Ningxia Institute of Science and Technology for Development Strategy and Information Yinchuan750000 China Kunming University of Science and Technology China 

出 版 物：《SSRN》 

年 卷 期：2024年

核心收录：

主　　题：Lithium compounds 

摘      要：The Li2CO3-ammonia-ballmilling synthesis system of Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) was optimized and doped Li and O by theirs adjacent elements Mg and F respectively. The ball to feeding weight ratio and ball milling times can affect the pressure and temperature distribution in ball mill, and then, the distribution of Li source, the hydrolysis rate of Ti source and the interaction between Li species and Ti species. The pH can result in the different nucleophilic / electrophilic Ti hydrolysis path and its hydrolysis condensation degree. The temperature programmed calcination is beneficial to the formation of the middle state (Li2TiO3) while not TiO2 impurity phase, obtaining the high quality LTO samples. Both Mg doping and F doping would be advantaged to prepare the LTO samples with higher crystallinity, smaller particle size and uniform morphology related to theirs effectively controlling the hydrolysis and condensation degree of Ti source, the number of crystal nucleus and the particle size. The initial first discharged capability of Mg doped LTO (LTO-Mg) and F doped LTO (LTO-F) reach to 152.4 mAh/g and 163.1 mAh/g at 5 C respectively, corresponding 32.4% and 41.7% enhancing compared to LTO (115.1 mAh/g) due to the shorter migration path of Li+ and smaller polarization. Moreover, the discharge voltage of LTO-Mg decreases from regular 1.5 V to 1.3 V (about 13.3% reductions). © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.