Centroiding and extraction of tip/tilt information from nonlinear curvature wavefront sensor measurements

作     者：Abbott, Caleb G. Crepp, Justin R. Letchev, Stanimir O. Smith, Connor M. 

作者机构：University of Notre Dame Department of Physics and Astronomy Notre DameIN United States Max-Planck Institute for Astronomy Heidelberg Germany 

出 版 物：《Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems》 (J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst.)

年 卷 期：2025年第11卷第1期

核心收录：

学科分类：0808[工学-电气工程] 0709[理学-地质学] 0809[工学-电子科学与技术（可授工学、理学学位）] 07[理学] 070401[理学-天体物理] 0708[理学-地球物理学] 0804[工学-仪器科学与技术] 0805[工学-材料科学与工程（可授工学、理学学位）] 0802[工学-机械工程] 0703[理学-化学] 0704[理学-天文学] 0825[工学-航空宇航科学与技术] 0811[工学-控制科学与工程] 0702[理学-物理学] 0801[工学-力学（可授工学、理学学位）] 

基　　金：This research was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Grant No. FA9550-22-1-0435). J.C. acknowledges the support from the Naval Research Lab summer faculty fellowship program. A preliminary and limited subset of this work was previously included in SPIE Proceedings. Further support was provided by the Joint Directed Energy Transition Office (Sponsor Award Number 2024-1833)Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-22-1-0435) Naval Research Lab Joint Directed Energy Transition Office (2024-1833) This research was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Grant No. FA9550-22-1-0435). J.C. acknowledges the support from the Naval Research Lab summer faculty fellowship program. A preliminary and limited subset of this work was previously included in SPIE Proceedings. 13 Further support was provided by the Joint Directed Energy Transition Office (Sponsor Award Number 2024-1833) 

主　　题：Adaptive optics Simulations Contour extraction Wavefronts Wavefront reconstruction Scanning probe microscopy Correlation coefficients Reconstruction algorithms Pupil aberrations Wavefront sensors 

摘      要：The nonlinear curvature wavefront sensor (nlCWFS) uses multiple (typically four) out-of-focus images to reconstruct the phase and amplitude of a propagating light beam. Because these images are located between the pupil and focal planes, they contain tip/tilt information. Rather than using a separate sensor to measure image locations, it would be beneficial to extract tip/tilt information directly and routinely as part of the reconstruction process. In the presence of atmospheric turbulence, recovering precise centroid offsets for each out-of-focus image becomes a dynamic process as image structure is altered by changing aberrations. We examine several tip/tilt extraction methods and compare their precision and accuracy using numerical simulations. With knowledge of the z-distance to each plane, we find that applying a best-fit linear model to multiple image centroid locations can offer fast and accurate tip/tilt (jitter) mode retrieval. We also develop a nonlinear tip/tilt extraction method that self-consistently uses the speckle field to compensate for jitter but find that algorithm latency precludes practical implementation. Simulations of closed-loop adaptive optics correction demonstrate that centroiding precisions may reach the diffraction limit despite using images with a finite region of interest that is purposefully defocused. © 2025 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).