A comprehensive interpretable machine learning framework for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis

作     者：Vlontzou, Maria Eleftheria Athanasiou, Maria Dalakleidi, Kalliopi V. Skampardoni, Ioanna Davatzikos, Christos Nikita, Konstantina 

作者机构：Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Athens15773 Greece Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States 

出 版 物：《arXiv》 (arXiv)

年 卷 期：2024年

核心收录：

主　　题：Adversarial machine learning 

摘      要：An interpretable machine learning (ML) framework is introduced to enhance the diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by ensuring robustness of the ML models’ interpretations. The dataset used comprises volumetric measurements from brain MRI and genetic data from healthy individuals and patients with MCI/AD, obtained through the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. The existing class imbalance is addressed by an ensemble learning approach, while various attribution-based and counterfactual-based interpretability methods are leveraged towards producing diverse explanations related to the pathophysiology of MCI/AD. A unification method combining SHAP with counterfactual explanations assesses the interpretability techniques’ robustness. The best performing model yielded 87.5% balanced accuracy and 90.8% F1-score. The attribution-based interpretability methods highlighted significant volumetric and genetic features related to MCI/AD risk. The unification method provided useful insights regarding those features’ necessity and sufficiency, further showcasing their significance in MCI/AD diagnosis. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.