Full 2π phase modulation using exciton-polaritons in a two-dimensional superlattice

作     者：Lynch, Jason Kumar, Pawan Chen, Chen Trainor, Nicholas Kumari, Shalina Peng, Tzu-Yu Chen, Cindy Yueli Lu, Yu-Jung Redwing, Joan Jariwala, Deep 

作者机构：Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia 19104 PA United States Inter-University Microelectronics Center Leuven 3001 Belgium 2D Crystal Consortium Materials Innovation Platform Materials Research Institute Penn State University University Park PA United States Materials Science and Engineering Penn State University University Park PA United States Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Applied Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia 19104 PA United States 

出 版 物：《Device》 (Device)

年 卷 期：2025年第3卷第1期

基　　金：Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development, AOARD Northrop Grumman National Science Foundation, NSF, (DMR-2039351, DGE-1845298) National Science Foundation, NSF Air Force Office of Scientific Research, AFOSR, (FA2386-21-1-4063) Air Force Office of Scientific Research, AFOSR National Science and Technology Council, NSTC, (NSTC-110-2124-M-001-008-MY3) National Science and Technology Council, NSTC Office of Naval Research Metamaterials Program, (N00014-23-1-203) 

主　　题：DTI-2: Explore electrostatic exciton-polaritons phase modulation superlattice transition-metal dichalcogenides 

摘      要：Active metamaterials promise to enable active control over the propagation of wavefronts of light for applications such as beam steering, optical communication modulators, and holograms. Current commercial devices use active layers that are several wavelengths thick to modulate the phase of light, which limits their compactness and energy efficiency. In atomically thin optics, the phase has been modulated using a resonant mode such as a plasmon or high-Q cavity mode that enable light to accumulate a large amount of phase over a short distance and coupling it to an active material. Here, we report that electrostatic doping can modulate the light-matter interaction strength of a two-dimensional WS2-based multi-quantum-well (MQW) structure going from strongly coupled, phase-accumulating exciton-polaritons to weakly coupled exciton-trion-polaritons. This transition leads to 2.02π radians of phase modulation being observed. This result demonstrates the potential of the MQW structure as a compact, lightweight electro-optical modulators for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and optical communications in the visible range. © 2024 The Author(s)