轻罪视角下的犯罪记录封存制度研究

作     者：文雨杭 

作者机构：华东交通大学人文社会科学学院安徽 六安 

出 版 物：《争议解决》 (Dispute Settlement)

年 卷 期：2025年第11卷第1期

页      面：188-196页

学科分类：0301[法学-法学] 03[法学] 

主　　题：轻罪 犯罪记录封存 再社会化 

摘      要：最近随着我国一系列刑法修正案的出台,增设了许多的新的罪名,诸如危险驾驶罪、高空抛物罪和妨害安全驾驶罪等刑罚较轻的刑种,但是对于刑罚较轻的犯罪人保护却缺乏着罪责自负理念的指导,同时其罪犯身份也带来了种种的限制,此时解决问题的关键就是要做到平衡社会公共的利益和犯罪人的利益。目前学术界主要是提倡建立前科消灭制度,但是前科消灭制度对于当前中国的实际情况并不合适。理应在已有的较为成熟的未成年人犯罪记录封存制度的基础上,对于宣告刑在三年以下有期徒刑的犯罪分子,对其犯罪记录进行实质化的封存,并且规定查询条件仅限于司法机关基于办案的需要,从而使犯罪人能够实现真正的再社会化。Recently, with the introduction of a series of amendments to China’s criminal law, many new crimes have been added, such as dangerous driving, high-altitude throwing and obstructing safe driving. However, for the protection of light criminals, there is a lack of guidance on the concept of self-bearing, and at the same time, their criminal status also brings all kinds of restrictions, the key to solving the problem at this time is to balance the interests of the public and the interests of the offenders. At present, the academic community mainly advocates the establishment of a criminal record elimination system, which is not suitable for the current actual situation in China. On the basis of the existing relatively mature juvenile criminal record sealing system, for criminals who have been sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, their criminal records shall be substantively sealed, and the inquiry conditions should be limited to the needs of the judicial organs based on the case handling, so that the criminals can achieve the real Re-socialization.