Quantum coarsening and collective dynamics on a programmable simulator

作     者：Manovitz, Tom Li, Sophie H. Ebadi, Sepehr Samajdar, Rhine Geim, Alexandra A. Evered, Simon J. Bluvstein, Dolev Zhou, Hengyun Koyluoglu, Nazli Ugur Feldmeier, Johannes Dolgirev, Pavel E. Maskara, Nishad Kalinowski, Marcin Sachdev, Subir Huse, David A. Greiner, Markus Vuletić, Vladan Lukin, Mikhail D. 

作者机构：Department of Physics Harvard University Cambridge MA United States Department of Physics Princeton University Princeton NJ United States Princeton Center for Theoretical Science Princeton University Princeton NJ United States QuEra Computing Inc. Boston MA United States Harvard Quantum Initiative Harvard University Cambridge MA United States Department of Physics and Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States 

出 版 物：《Nature》 (Nature)

年 卷 期：2025年第638卷第8049期

页      面：86-92页

学科分类：07[理学] 08[工学] 

基　　金：Hertz Foundation, HF U.S. Department of Energy, USDOE Harvard Quantum Initiative Postdoctoral Fellowship in Science and Engineering Center for Ultracold Atoms, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, CUA DOE Quantum Systems Accelerator Center, (DE-SC0021013, DE-AC02-05CH11231) Department of Energy Computational Science, (DE-SC0021110, OMA-2120757) National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate, NDSEG, (DGE1745303) National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate, NDSEG Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, DARPA, (W911NF2010021, HR011-23-3-0030) Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, DARPA National Science Foundation, NSF, (DMR-2245246) National Science Foundation, NSF 

摘      要：Understanding the collective quantum dynamics of non-equilibrium many-body systems is an outstanding challenge in quantum science. In particular, dynamics driven by quantum fluctuations are important for the formation of exotic quantum phases of matter1, fundamental high-energy processes2, quantum metrology3,4 and quantum algorithms5. Here we use a programmable quantum simulator based on Rydberg atom arrays to experimentally study collective dynamics across a (2+1)-dimensional Ising quantum phase transition. After crossing the quantum critical point, we observe a gradual growth of correlations through coarsening of antiferromagnetically ordered domains6. By deterministically preparing and following the evolution of ordered domains, we show that the coarsening is driven by the curvature of domain boundaries, and find that the dynamics accelerate with proximity to the quantum critical point. We quantitatively explore these phenomena and further observe long-lived oscillations of the order parameter, corresponding to an amplitude (‘Higgs’) mode7. These observations offer a viewpoint into emergent collective dynamics in strongly correlated quantum systems and non-equilibrium quantum processes. © The Author(s) 2025.