Fidelity and efficiency analysis for heralded entanglement swapping in lossy channels: linear and nonlinear optical approaches

作     者：Fang, Kejie Goldschmidt, Elizabeth A. 

作者机构：Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Illinois Quantum Information Science and Technology Center University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States 

出 版 物：《arXiv》 (arXiv)

年 卷 期：2025年

核心收录：

主　　题：Efficiency 

摘      要：Bell state measurements (BSMs) of photonic qubits are used for quantum networking protocols to herald the distribution and transfer of quantum information. However, standard BSMs based on linear optics (LO-BSMs) require identical photons and are susceptible to errors from multiphoton emissions, leading to reduced fidelity of protocols, particularly in the absence of postselection. To overcome these challenges, Bell state measurements based on nonlinear optics (NLO-BSMs) have been proposed and implemented, leveraging sum-frequency generation (SFG) to filter out multiphoton emissions and improve the fidelity without postselection. Here we analyze the fidelity of LO-BSM and NLO-BSM heralded entanglement swapping in lossy channels and compare their performance under realistic conditions. We also explore the impact of state-of-the-art nonlinear photonics platforms on SFG efficiency and highlight how advances in nanophotonics will enable practical, high-fidelity NLO-BSM-based quantum networking applications. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.