Effects of supplementary ultraviolet-B irradiance on maize yield and qualities: A field experiment

作     者：Gao, W Zheng, YF Slusser, JR Heisler, GM Grant, RH Xu, JQ He, DL 

作者机构：Colorado State Univ Nat Resource Ecol Lab USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program Ft Collins CO 80523 USA Nanjing Inst Meteorol Dept Environm Sci Nanjing Peoples R China US Forest Serv NE Res Stn USDA Syracuse NY USA Purdue Univ Dept Agron W Lafayette IN 47907 USA 

出 版 物：《PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY》 (光化学与光生物学)

年 卷 期：2004年第80卷第1期

页      面：127-131页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 071010[理学-生物化学与分子生物学] 07[理学] 

主　　题：.Photobiology photochemistry stratospheric ozone irradiance MAIZE YIELD enhanced UV qualities UV Effects maize seed dry matter 

摘      要：Stratospheric ozone depletion has caused an increase in the amount of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation reaching the earth s surface. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that the effect of UV-B enhancements on plants includes reduction in grain yield, alteration in species competition, susceptibility to disease and changes in plant structure and pigmentation. Many experiments examining UV-B radiation effects on plants have been conducted in growth chambers or greenhouses. It has been questioned whether the effect of UV-B radiation on plants can be extrapolated to field responses from indoor studies because of the unnaturally high ratios of UV-B/ ultraviolet-A radiation (320-400 nm) and UV-B/photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in many indoor studies. Field studies on UV-B radiation effect on plants have been recommended to use the UV and PAR irradiance provided by natural light. This study reports the growth and yield responses of a maize crop exposed to enhanced UV-B radiation and the UV-B effects on maize seed qualities under field conditions. Enhanced UV-B radiation caused a significant reduction in the dry matter accumulation and the maize yield in turn was affected. With increased UV-B radiation the flavonoid accumulation in maize leaves increased and the contents of chlorophyll a, b and (a + b) of maize leaves were reduced. The levels of protein, sugar and starch of maize seed decreased with enhanced UV-B radiation, whereas the level of lysine increased with enhanced UV-B radiation.