Rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury

作     者：Barnes, MP 

作者机构：Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne Hunters Moor Reg Neurorehabil Ctr Acad Unit Neurol Rehabil Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4NR Tyne & Wear England 

出 版 物：《BRITISH MEDICAL BULLETIN》 (英国医学通报)

年 卷 期：1999年第55卷第4期

页      面：927-943页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：出院后医疗/组织和管理 行为疗法 脑损伤/心理学 脑损伤/康复 社区和机构的关系 残疾鉴定 病人医疗小组/组织和管理 康复 职业性/利用 可重复性 结果 治疗结果 人类 

摘      要：Head injury is a common disabling condition but regrettably facilities for rehabilitation are sparse. There is now increasing evidence of the efficacy of a comprehensive multidisciplinary rehabilitation team compared to natural recovery following brain injury. This chapter outlines some basic concepts of rehabilitation and emphasises the importance of valid and reliable outcome measures. The evidence of the efficacy of a rehabilitation programme is discussed in some detail. A number of specific rehabilitation problems are outlined including the management of spasticity, nutrition, pressure sores and urinary continence. The increasingly important role of assistive technology is illustrated, particularly in terms of communication aids and environmental control equipment. However, the major long-term difficulties after head injury focus around the cognitive, intellectual, behavioural and emotional problems. The complex management of these disorders is briefly addressed and the evidence of the efficacy of some techniques discussed. The importance of recognition of the vegetative state and avoidance of misdiagnosis is emphasised. Finally, the important, but often neglected, area of employment rehabilitation is covered.