Ecosystem restoration in Europe: Can analogies to Traditional Chinese Medicine facilitate the cross-policy harmonization on managing socioecological systems?

作     者：Gocheva, Kremena Lu, Yihe Li, Feng Bratanova-Doncheva, Svetla Chipev, Nesho 

作者机构：Bulgarian Acad Sci Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Res Nr 2 Yuri Gagarin St BU-1113 Sofia Bulgaria Chinese Acad Sci State Key Lab Urban & Reg Ecol 18 Shuangqing Rd Beijing Peoples R China 

出 版 物：《SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT》 (整体环境科学)

年 卷 期：2019年第657卷

页      面：1553-1567页

核心收录：

学科分类：0830[工学-环境科学与工程（可授工学、理学、农学学位）] 08[工学] 

基　　金：Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research Bulgarian Academy of Sciences  Bulgaria 

主　　题：Socio-ecological system Ecosystem based management and monitoring Traditional Chinese Medicine Ecosystem restoration targets Trade-offs Multi parametric optimization of ecosystem services production 

摘      要：Eli s Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 sets a 15% restoration target. However, the understanding of restoration as a management tool remains ambiguous at EU and Member State levels. As a country with rich biodiversity but low GDP, a well-defined priority setting approach is key for Bulgaria. The Methodological framework for assessment and mapping of ecosystem condition and ecosystem services in Bulgaria proposes a transition towards ecosystem management and monitoring of the Socio-Ecological System (SES), to be embedded in the environmental policy framework. We extend the analogy between SES and the human body s system in the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as a way to inform restoration priority setting and development of restoration and monitoring tools at several levels: 1. Overall objective: the sustainability goals correspond to the TCM s objective of a healthy, balanced body 2, Restoration objectives and functioning: the desired ecosystem state can be better understood in analogy between the ecosystem structure and functioning framework for multiparametric optimization, and the TCM framework of Ying-Yang, Eight principles, Five elements and organs 3. Ecosystem monitoring: Integrated monitoring may benefit from comparison to TCM diagnostics 4. Ecosystem management approaches can benefit from the analogy to the TCM system of meridians We apply the analogy and find that spatially explicit decision making on restoration, streamlined ecosystem monitoring and a number of other issues (green infrastructure, designation of protected areas, defragmentation and connectivity, cumulative impact assessment, etc.), are easier to understand, communicate, account for and manage. Ecosystem restoration is priority for China and the country has accumulated research and practical experience, including study of links between ecosystem management and the historical principles of Chinese philosophy. The Bulgarian and European approach to ecosystem based management can benefit from