Antidepressant-Like Effects of Ginseng and Ginsenosides in Central Nervous System

作     者：ZENG Ting WANG Zhen-zhen CHEN Nai-hong 

作者机构：College of PharmacyHunan University of Chinese Medicine State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural MedicinesInstitute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience CenterChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College 

出 版 物：《神经药理学报》 (Acta Neuropharmacologica)

年 卷 期：2018年第6期

页      面：27-28页

学科分类：1008[医学-中药学(可授医学、理学学位)] 1006[医学-中西医结合] 100602[医学-中西医结合临床] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Antidepressant Like Effects of Ginseng and Ginsenosides in Central Nervous System 

摘      要：Depression is a devastating mental disorder and major depressive disorder afflicts 16% of the global population in their lives. Currently available classical antidepressants require a minimum of 2～4 weeks of continuous treatment to elicit therapeutic relief in depressed patients and are associated with high rates of non-responsiveness and various side effects. Therefore,more safe and effective antidepressant therapies are needed. Here,we review recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the efficacy of traditional chinese medicine-ginseng and ginsenosides in ameliorating the symptoms of depression in humans and animal models. For instance,Panax ginseng exhibited an antidepressant-like effect through the BDNF/TrkB and Sirt 1/NF-κB signaling pathways. The anti-depression efficacy of ginseng total saponins may be largely attributable to its peripheral anti-inflammatory activity,interfering with hippocampal GSK-3β-CREB signaling pathway,reversing decrease of some plasticity-related proteins,and modulating 5-HT and 5-HT2 AR expressions after depression. P. ginseng extract exerts antidepressant-like effect of CRS-induced depression by antineuroinflammatory and antioxidant( nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 activation) activities by inhibiting the HPA axis mechanism. Wild ginseng extract and intestinal metabolite of ginseng,20(S)-protopanaxadiol modulates depression-like behavior by regulating the expression of hypothalamic corticotrophin-releasing factor,Neuropeptide Y,glucocorticoid receptor,BDNF and neurofilament-L in hippocampus. Ginsenoside Rg1 displayed antidepressant activity through alleviating CORT-induced gap junction dysfunction,modulating the HPA and the HPG axis,activating the BDNF signaling pathway,upregulating hippocampal neurogenesis,and increasing protein kinase A( PKA) and cAMP-CREB phosphorylation levels. Ginsenoside Rg3 exerted antidepressant effect by regulating noradrenaline,adrenocorticotropic horm