Legionella pneumophila is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that can cause a severe form of pneumonia called Legionnaires' disease.A major virulence determinant of *** is the type IVB secretion system (T4SSB),whi...
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Legionella pneumophila is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that can cause a severe form of pneumonia called Legionnaires' disease.A major virulence determinant of *** is the type IVB secretion system (T4SSB),which is used to inject more than 300 effector proteins into the host cell,modulating various cellular *** effector,WipA,was the first tyrosine protein phosphatase found in *** with no clear host substrates;moreover,the role of tyrosine phosphorylation during *** infection and the signal pathways responsible for it are relatively ***,liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for label-free quantitative phosphoproteomics was applied to systematically investigate the global tyrosine phosphorylation events in Legionella-infected pulmonary alveolar *** analysis of the phosphoproteomics data revealed an increase in the tyrosine phosphorylation levels of 44 sites,and a decrease of 36 sites in wild type Lp02 infected macrophages compared to LpO2-△wipA mutant infected *** uncover an early function of WipA,showing that it associates with host actin *** majority of phosphosites were actin assembly signaling pathway associated proteins,including tyrosine kinase signaling regulator Nck1,tyrosine kinase (Lyn and Yes),nuclear promote factor NWASP,actin related protein Arp3,ADP ribosylation factor (Arf) 6 and Capping ***,western blotting further confirmed the decrease in several tyrosine phosphosites phosphorylation levels during ***,we found that WipA inhibited host actin *** findings suggested that the WipA-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation pathways may play important roles in the regulation of actin assembly in host and may help us elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of *** infection.
Monoterpenes have a wide applications ranging from food and cosmetic industries to advanced *** with sesquiterpenes,microbial production of monoterpene is still lagging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to the shortage ...
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Monoterpenes have a wide applications ranging from food and cosmetic industries to advanced *** with sesquiterpenes,microbial production of monoterpene is still lagging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to the shortage in precursor geranyl diphosphate (GPP) and its toxicity to *** this study,monoterpene geraniol,a valuable acyclic monoterpene alcohol,was employed as an indicator in response to the availability of engineered ***,three geraniol synthases were evaluated three geraniol synthases in ***,and the geraniol synthase without a plastid-targeting peptide from Valeriana officinalis (t VoGES),had a highest enzyme activity for geraniol *** improve precursor GPP synthesis,three specific GPP synthase genes derived from different plants and two endogenous farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) synthase genes variants ERG20K197G and ERG20F96W-N127W with higher GPP synthase activity than FPP synthase,were compared,and ERG20F96W-N127W significantly improved geraniol production by co-overexpressing two rate-limiting genes,IDIland tHMGl,and a global transcription factor *** addition,we designed Erg20p (F96W-N 127W)-t VoGES fusion protein to increase the flux from GPP to ***,as a key regulated branch point,we explored dynamic control of ERG20 expression to redistribute the precursor GPP flux and achieved a 3.4-fold increase in geraniol production after optimizing carbon source *** that geraniol could be endogenous metabolized by intracellular non-specificity reaction,we deleted OYE2 (encoding an NADPH oxidoreductase) or ATF1 (encoding an alcohol acetyltransferase) both involving endogenous conversion of geraniol to other terpenoids,and improved geraniol production by 1.7-fold or 1.6-fold in batch fermentation,***,the combination of dynamic control of ERG20 expression and OYE2 deletion in LEU2 prototrophic strain increased geraniol production up to 1.69 g/L with pure ethanol feeding in fed-ba
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