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Hydrogen Peroxide:A Key Componernt in ABA Signaling

Hydrogen Peroxide:A Key Componernt in ABA Signaling

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中国植物生理学会第九次全国会议

作者： C. P. Song Lab of Plant Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China

One of the most important functions of the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is to induce stomatal closure by reducing the turgor of guard cells under water deficit. Under environmental stresses, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), an activated oxygen species, is widely generated in many biological systems. Here, using electrophysiological, cell biological and molecular genetic techniques, we provide the evidences that H2O2 functions as an intermediate in ABA signaling in guard cells. First, ABA-induced stomatal closure was abolished partly by addition of exogenous catalase (CAT) and diphenylene iodonium (DPI), which are an H2O2 scavenger and NADP oxidase inhibitor, respectively. ABA activates the synthesis of H2O2 in guard cells, via two sources: chloroplastic and cytoplasmic/plasma membrane. Second, we showed the dual role of

关键词： ABA Hydrogen Peroxide:A Key Componernt in ABA Signaling Key

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NaCl enhances thylakoid-bound SOD activity in the leaves of C3 halophyte Suaeda salsa L.

NaCl enhances thylakoid-bound SOD activity in the leaves of ...

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中国植物生理学会第九次全国会议

作者： Wang Bao-Shan, Zhan Qiu-Fang, Li Yuan-Yuan, Pang Cai-Hong (College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P.R. China)

During normal metabolism, plants generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide radical (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical (HO) and singlet oxygen (O21). ROS are overproduced in plants under stress, including drought and desiccation, salt stress and so on.. Injury caused by ROS is known as oxidative stress, which is the major cause of damage in plants exposed to different stressors. There is increasing evidence that NaCl salinity is one factor leading to oxidative stress in plant cells. High NaCl concentrations seem to impair electron transport and lead to the formation of ROS in chloroplasts.

关键词： NaCl enhances thylakoid-bound SOD activity in the leaves of C3 halophyte Suaeda salsa L SOD

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Improving harvest index is an effective way to increase crop water use efficiency

Improving harvest index is an effective way to increase crop...

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中国植物生理学会第九次全国会议

作者： Zhang Jianhua and Yang Jianchang ( Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong,Yangzhou University, College of Agriculture, Jiangsu)

Water use efficiency (WUE), if defined as the biomass accumulation over water consumed, may be a highly inherited characteristics of a specific genotype. In practice, WUE can be enhanced by less irrigation, particularly via stomatal regulation. However, such enhancement is largely a trade-off between lower biomass production and higher WUE. We have presented a case here that we may enhance WUE through an improved harvest index. Harvest index has been shown as a variable factor in crop production, especially in cases where whole plant senescence of rice and wheat is unfavourably delayed. Such delayed senescence can delay the remobilisation of pre-stored carbon reserves in the straws and results in lower harvest index. Acontrolled soil drying, i.e. the moderate drying such that overnight rehydration of plants is still possible, should enhance the whole plant senescence and therefore improve the remobilisation of pre-stored carbon reserve. The gains from the improved harvest may outweigh any possible loss due to shortened photosynthetic period in grain filling, such as the cases with high N nutrition, lodging-resistant cultivars that stay green for too long, and hybrid cultivars with too high heterosis.

关键词： Improving harvest index is an effective way to increase crop water use efficiency

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No May Function Downstream of H2O2 in Aba-induced Stomatal Closure in Vicia faba L.

No May Function Downstream of H2O2 in Aba-induced Stomatal C...

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中国植物生理学会第九次全国会议

作者： D. Lv, X. Zhang, J. Jiang, G. Y. An, L. R. Zhang, C. P. Song Lab of Plant Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences. Henan University. Kaifeng 475001,China

Recent documents suggested that either H2O2 or NO may function as signal moleculesto mediate ABA-induced stomatal closure in guard cells, but it is not clear whetherboth NO and H2O2 function in ABA signaling pathway. Using epidermal strip bioassayand laser scanning cofocal microscope techniques, we showed firstly that NO mayact as the downstream intermediate of H2O2 signaling to mediate ABA-inducedstomatal closure in Viciafaba L. Epidermal strip bioassay results showed thatSNP (a NO donor) and H2O2 could be mimic the effects of 10 μmol/L ABAon stomatal closure at concentration of both 100 μmol/L and 200μmol/L. C-PTIO (a specific scavenger of NO), with the concentrationof 100 μmol/L or 200 μmol/L, partly

关键词： ABA No May Function Downstream of H2O2 in Aba-induced Stomatal Closure in Vicia faba L

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J-domain protein CDJ2 and HSP70B are a plastidic chaperone pair that interacts with vesicle inducing protein in plastids 1 （VIPP1）

J-domain protein CDJ2 and HSP70B are a plastidic chaperone p...

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中国植物生理学会第九次全国会议

作者： Cuimin Liua Felix Willmunda Julian P.Whiteleggeb Susan Hawatc Bettina Knappa Mukesh Lodhaa Michael Schrodaa Institute of Biology Ⅱ Plant BiochemistryUniversity of FreiburgSchaenzlestr.1D-79104 FreiburgGermany Institute of Biology Ⅱ Plant BiochemistryUniversity of FreiburgSchaenzlestr.1D-79104 FreiburgGermany Institute of Biology Ⅱ Plant BiochemistryUniversity of FreiburgSchaenzlestr.1D-79104 FreiburgGermany Institute of Biology Ⅱ Plant BiochemistryUniversity of FreiburgSchaenzlestr.1D-79104 FreiburgGermany Institute of Biology Ⅱ Plant BiochemistryUniversity of FreiburgSchaenzlestr.1D-79104 FreiburgGermany Institute of Biology Ⅱ Plant BiochemistryUniversity of FreiburgSchaenzlestr.1D-79104 FreiburgGermany Institute of Biology Ⅱ Plant BiochemistryUniversity of FreiburgSchaenzlestr.1D-79104 FreiburgGermany

＜正＞ J-domain co-chaperones confer functional specificity to their HSP70 partner by providing it with specific substrate proteins. To gain insight into the functions of plastidic HSP70s we searched in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii databases for ESTs that potentially encode J-domain co-chaperones with chloroplast transit peptides;two such cDNAs were found, the encoded J-domain proteins were named chloroplast DnaJ homolog 1 and 2 （CDJ1 and CDJ2）. CDJ1 is homologous to DnaJ proteins involved in protein folding and was found to be induced by heat shock and light. CDJ2 was not induced by heat shock. By co-immunoprecipitation experiments, CDJ2 was shown to interact with a-28 kD protein which by mass spectrometry was identified as the

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Flash-number dependent oscillation of the light-induced(at 5 K)split EPR signals from the different S-States of PSⅡ

Flash-number dependent oscillation of the light-induced(at 5...

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中国植物生理学会第九次全国会议

作者： Kajsa Sigfridsson Yashar Feyziyev Stenbjorn Styring Molecular Biomimetics Uppsala University Villavgen 6 752 36 Uppsala Sweden Department of Biochemistry Center For Chemistry and Chemical Engineering P.O.Box 124 Lund University S-221 00 Lund Sweden Department of Biochemistry Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering P.O.Box 124 Lund University S-221 00 Lund Sweden Laboratory for Photobiology(1) Photodynamics Research Center RIKEN 519-1399 Aoba Sendai 980-0845 Japan Molecular Biomimetics Uppsala University Villavgen 6 752 36 Uppsala Sweden Department of Biochemistry Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering P.O.Box 124 Lund University S-221 00 Lund Sweden

PSⅡmembrane particles (BBY) were used to investigate the split radical EPR signals induced by 20 seconds' illumination at 5 K. Tyrosine D was reduced chemically by sodium ascorbate and DAD, and then the EPR samples were given 0-9 flashes at 0℃. After flashing, the samples were frozen within 1 s in an ethanol-solid CO2 bath and then rapidly transferred to liquid nitrogen where they were stored (Feyziyev et al., 2003 Chemical Physics, 294: 415-431). EPR measurements were performed using a Bruker ESR-500 spectrometer using ST4102 standard or ER4122SHQ cavities, equipped with an Oxford-900 cryostat and ITC-503 temperature controller. Two split signals around g≈2.0, originating from the S1 and S0 states (Nugent

关键词： Flash-number dependent oscillation of the light-induced at 5 K)split EPR signals from the different S-States of PS EPR

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不同成熟时期火棘果实的抗氧化活性测定研究

不同成熟时期火棘果实的抗氧化活性测定研究

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中国植物生理学会第九次全国会议

作者：唐克华雷佩红李永湖南吉首大学农林系湖南吉首大学农林系湖南吉首大学农林系

目的:火棘(Phracantha fortuneana(Maxim.)Li.),又名救军粮,为蔷薇科苹果亚科火棘属常绿灌木,主要分布在亚洲东部到欧洲南部,在中国广布于长江流域海拔250m-2500m山地,火棘以果实红艳似火而得名,是资源非常丰富的野生果树。火棘是较常... 详细信息

目的:火棘(Phracantha fortuneana(Maxim.)Li.),又名救军粮,为蔷薇科苹果亚科火棘属常绿灌木,主要分布在亚洲东部到欧洲南部,在中国广布于长江流域海拔250m-2500m山地,火棘以果实红艳似火而得名,是资源非常丰富的野生果树。火棘是较常用的草药,民间以其果实、叶、根入药,果实入药可健脾消积、活血止血,叶、根入药可清热解毒、收敛止泻、治疮疡。现代研究表明火棘果实营养成分全面,其总提取物具有清除自由基,降血脂,增强免疫力,增强体力和促消化功能作用。国内虽有多家单位在火棘果实的营养要素组成、加工利用等方面都进行了立项研究,但迄今止仍然没有找到火棘资源的合适开发利用途径。为开辟对火棘的新开发利用途径,我们从抗氧化活性方面对不同成熟时期(成熟早期、成熟中期、成熟晚期)的火棘果实初步展开了SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)、CAT(过氧化氢酶)活性及果实提取物对DPPH.(1,1-二苯基-2-苦肼基自由基)抑制作用的研究。方法:运用常量(420nm法)及微量邻苯三酚自氧化法(325nm法)测定SOD活性;运用直接紫外分光光度法(240nm法)测定CAT活性;采用DPPH·分光光度法(517nm法)测定火棘果实甲醇及乙醇提取物对DPPH·的清除作用。结果:邻苯三酚自氧化420nm法测定的三个成熟时期的火棘果实SOD活性(单位抑制率)分别为:22.32%/***、15.58%/***、21.98%/g..min,而邻苯三酚自氧化325nm法测得的相应SOD活性分别是:25.45%/***、21.34%/***、24.00%/***;综合比较这两种SOD测定方法的操作及结果,表明邻苯三酚自氧化325nm法更适于火棘果实的SOD活性测定。测定的火棘CAT活性分别为:果实成熟早期为7.4/***、成熟中期是4.35/***、而成熟末期为7.05/***。生药浓度为0.04mg/mL的三个成熟期火棘果实的DPPH·清除率(%)都较高,其中:果实甲醇提取物的分别是93.5%、91.2%、93.4%;而乙醇提取物的则是95.3%、94.7%、94.5%。研究结果表明,在抗氧化活性的动态变化上,不同成熟期的火棘果实在SOD与CAT活性上呈现的时间及强度一致性比甲、乙醇提取物对DPPH·自由基的清除活性变化的一致性程度高。

关键词：火棘,SOD,CAT,DPPH·,抗氧化,活性,测定

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Estimating the copy number of transgenes in transformed rice by real-time quantitative PCR

Estimating the copy number of transgenes in transformed rice...

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中国植物生理学会第九次全国会议

作者： Litao Yang, Jiayu Ding, Chengmei Zhang, Junwei Jia, Haibo Weng, Wenxuan Liu, Dabing Zhang (School of life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China Department of Biological Science and Technology, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Agro-biotech Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2901 Beidi Road, Shanghai 201106, P.R. China School of Life Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200436, P.R. China)

Abstract: In transgenic plants, the transgene copy number can greatly influence the expression level and genetic stability of the target gene, making estimation of transgene copy number an important part of genetically modified (GM) crop research. Currently, transgene copy numbers are estimated by Southern analysis, which is laborious, time-consuming, requires relatively large amounts of plant materials and may involve hazardous radioisotopes. Here, we report the development of a sensitive, high-throughput real-time PCR technique for estimating transgene copy number in GM rice. This system uses TaqMan quantitative real-time PCR and comparison to a novel rice endogenous reference gene, sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), to determine the copy numbers of exogenous β-glucuronidase (GUS) and hygromycin phosphortransferase (HPT) genes in transgenic rice. The GUS and HPT copy numbers in primary rice transformants (T0) were calculated by comparing quantitative PCR results of the GUS and HPT genes with those of the internal standard, SPS. With optimized PCR conditions, we achieved significantly accurate estimates of 1,2,3 and 4 transgene copies in the T0 transformants. Furthermore, our copy number estimations for both the GUS reporter gene and the HPT selective marker gene showed that rearrangements of the T DNA occurred more frequently than is generally believed in transgenic rice.

关键词： Estimating the copy number of transgenes in transformed rice by real-time quantitative PCR

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Studies on creating germplasm from somatic hybridization between Oryza sativa and Oryza meyeriana

Studies on creating germplasm from somatic hybridization bet...

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中国植物生理学会第九次全国会议

作者： Yan Chengqi Qian kaixian Jiang Dean Huang Jian shanlan Wangfang Yan qiusheng Zhang xueqin James Andrew Xue Gangping Wu Ping ( College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China) ( Ningbo Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Ningbo, 315040, China) ( China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China) ( CSIRO Plant Industry 306 Carmody Rd., St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia)

Bacterial blight is one of the major diseases that reduce rice yield Oryza meyeriana shows high resistance or immunity to bacterial *** attempted to introduce resistance to rice bacterial blight gene(s) into rice (Oryza sativa) via somatic hybridization by using wild rice (Oryza meyeriana) as the donor of resistance to bacterial blight. Protoplasts of japonica cultivar (Dalixiang) derived from suspension cells were inactivated with 2.5mmol/l indoacetamide (IOA) and protoplasts of *** were treated with 60krd soft X-ray. The two types of protoplasts were fused by polyethylene glycol (PEG) method and were then incubated. 132 plants were obtained. Selecting ten plants regenerated from asymmetric somatic hybridization between japonica Dalixiang and *** of high resistance to bacterial blight, as well as the two parental plants were used for RT-PCR RAPD and AFLP analysis. Results indicated these plants were somatic hybrids, containing the characteristic bands of both parents. An observation of regenerated rice was made and morphology of regenerated rice showed characters from both *** and ***. The 132 plants regenerated from fused protoplasts were used for identification of resistance bacterial blight of rice. The results showed 31 plants having better resistance than the cultivar Dalixiang and 4 plants were confirmed new germplasm of resistance bacterial blight of rice. Bacterial blight resistance was noted in the D8 generation.

关键词： Oryza sativa. Oryza meyeriana. Somatic hybridization. Interspecific hybrid. Resistance to rice bacterial blight

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Screening and construct specific detection methods of transgenic Huafan No.1 tomato by conventional and real-time PCR

Screening and construct specific detection methods of transg...

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中国植物生理学会第九次全国会议

作者： LitaoYang Huifeng Shen Jianxiu Chen Dabing Zhang ( Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Agro-biotech Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106,) ( School of life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240)

Abstract: Genetically modified (GM) tomatoes have been approved for commercialization in many countries since the first GM tomato FLAVER AVAR permitted for plant in 1994. Also, GM tomato Huafan No.1 with a character of long shelf-life was the first GM plant approved for commercialization in 1996 in China. To meet the requirement of GM tomatoes labeling policy actualization in China since 2001, the screening and construct specific PCR detection methods for detecting the universal elements transformed into tomato, such as Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S (CaMV35s) promoter and the nopaline synthase (NOS) terminator of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and the specific inserted heterologous DNA sequence between CaMV35s promoter and anti-sense ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE) gene were set up, respectively. To make the detection methods normative, a novel single copy tomato gene LAT52 was also used as an endogenous reference gene in the PCR detection systems. The limit of detection (LOD) of screening and construct specific detection methods for Huafan No.1 was 68 haploid genome copies in conventional PCR detection, and 3 copies in TaqMan real-time PCR detection. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) of screening quantitative PCR assays for Huafan No. 1 was 3 copies and 25 copies for construct specific quantitative PCR,respectively. Two samples with known Huafan No.1 tomato contents were detected using the established conventional and real-time PCR systems, and these results also indicated that the established Huafan No.1 screening and construct specific PCR detection systems were reliable, sensitive, and accurate.

关键词： Screening and construct specific detection methods of transgenic Huafan No.1 tomato by conventional and real-time PCR

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