Monthly mean surface air temperature data from 463 meteorological stations, including those from the 1981-2007 ordinary and national basic reference surface stations in east China and from the National Centers for Env...
Monthly mean surface air temperature data from 463 meteorological stations, including those from the 1981-2007 ordinary and national basic reference surface stations in east China and from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) Reanalysis, are used to investigate the effect of rapid urbanization on temperature *** stations are dynamically classified into six categories, namely, metropolis, large city, medium-sized city, small city, suburban, and rural, using satellite-measured nighttime light imagery and population census *** observation minus reanalysis (OMR) and urban minus rural (UMR) methods are utilized to detect surface air temperature change induced by urbanization.
Using observed datasets from 1979 to 2006, the relationship between El Ni(n)o Modoki and spring rainfall over south China (SC) is *** particular interest is the difference in the influence on spring rainfall of typica...
Using observed datasets from 1979 to 2006, the relationship between El Ni(n)o Modoki and spring rainfall over south China (SC) is *** particular interest is the difference in the influence on spring rainfall of typical E1 Ni(n)o events, and the recently recognized El Ni(n)o Modoki events, which are characterized by distinct warm sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in the central Pacific and weaker cold anomalies in the western and eastern parts of the *** with the SSTA, anomalous ascent occurs over the central Pacific and downward flow is observed over the eastern and western *** anomalous flow is associated with anomalous convergence in the upper troposphere over the western *** is influenced by an anomalous anticyclonic circulation with prevailing northeasterly *** convective activity in SC becomes weaker, resulting in reduced ***, the situation is different in the case of E1 Ni(n)o, in terms of the influence on rainfall over *** E1 Ni(n)o Modoki events are accompanied by a significant reduction in rainfall over SC, there is enhanced rainfall associated with E1 Ni(n)o ***, there exists a strong asymmetry in the relationship between SC spring rainfall, typical ENSO and ENSO Modoki *** appears that these relationships are only statistically significant for positive *** asymmetric influence of positive and negative in two ENSO phenomena may explain the difference in their respective relationships with spring rainfall over SC.
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