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Effects of nitrogen concentrations on the growth and chemical compositions of Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Effects of nitrogen concentrations on the growth and chemica...

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中国海洋湖沼学会藻类学分会第七届会员大会暨第十四次学术讨论会

作者： Cai Zhuoping Duan Shunshan(Institute of Hydrobiology,Jinan University Guangzhou 510632,China)

Marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum is a phytoplankton species that has been served as an important food source or feed additive in the rearing of aquatic animals like shrimp and *** recent years,however,occurrences of red tides due to the over proliferation of this microalga along the coast of Hainan province and Shangdong province have been reported,which potentially devastated the aquaculture around and destroyed the natural marine ecosystems,with a tremendous economic *** the other hand,nitrogen,an essential element for plant growth,has been believed to be one of the most important,nutritional factors regulating the growth and metabolism of ***,relatively scarce information is available concerning the growth and chemical compositions of this alga in response to nitrogen concentrations,standing on the viewpoint that Phaeodactylum tricornutum may be a red tide-causative marine microalga in recent *** order to reveal the effects of different nitrogen concentrations on the growth and some chemical compositions in Phaeodactylum tricornutum,algal cell density,biomass,soluble sugar,protein and chlorophyll a were investigated in laboratory cultures by employing low nitrogen(LN,44 μM NaNO),medium nitrogen(MN,880μM NaNO)and high nitrogen(HN, 4400 μM NaNO)*** results indicated that cell density,specific growth rate and cell biomass of Phaeodactylum tricornutum were increased obviously with the increasing of N *** were 149.50×10 ***,0.37 d,and 209.33 μ*** LN condition,whereas they were 951.67×10 ***,0.67 d,and 806.00 μ***,under HN condition at the 10day during the stationary ***,the contents of soluble sugar, protein and chlorophyll a were significantly affected by different nitrogen concentrations,which were approximately 2.5,1.5 and 15 times respectively higher in HN treatment than those in LN *** can be concluded from the present study that high nitrogen concentration can accel

关键词： nitrogen concentrations growth chemical compositions Phaeodactylum tricornutum

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中国海洋湖沼学会藻类学分会第七届会员大会暨第十四次学术讨论会

作者： Gang Li~1 Kunshan Gao~(12*) 1 Marine Biology Institute,Shantou University,Shantou,Guangdong,515063,China 2 State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,Xiamen University,Xiamen,361005,China

During winter（October to November）2005,we carried out simulated in situ experiments to determine the effects of solar UV radiation（UVR,280-400 nm）on primary productivity of natural phytoplankton assemblages in a coastal site（23°24' N, 117°07' E）of the Southern China *** seawater samples were collected and dispensed into quartz tubes,inoculated with radiocarbon and then exposed to solar radiation for 3 hours to determine photosynthetic rates under 3 quality radiation treatments（***,280-700 nm;PA,320-700 nm and P,400-700 nm）using different UV cut-off *** phytoplankton biomasses were investigated by determining chlorophyll a（chl a）concentration throughout the winter,during which severely vertical mixing in the water column induced by northeast monsoon limited the growth *** a concentration ranged from 1.5 to 3.8 μg L during the study period,70-98% of which was contributed by piconanoplankton（<20 μm）.The dominated microplankton species were the Ceratiumfurca and other monads as well as *** fixation by exposed samples to maximum irradiance（i.e.,at the surface）varied from 5 to 38 μg C Lhunder P treatment,with the scenarios of UVR inhibition ranging from 3 to 60%,therein UV-B contributing for about 10% and,the negative value（-5%）of UV-A inhibition indicating the use of short wavelength energy for *** also found that UVR-induced inhibition was negatively related with natural seawater temperature（15 to 26℃） thruughout the study period（R=0.48,p<0.01）,indicated the photorepalr couldn't effectively overcome the UVR-induced cells damage at low temperature,even under lower light conditions.

关键词： UVR primary productivity phytoplankton South China Sea

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Environmental impacts of typhoon KAEMI on coastal phytoplankton assemblage in the South China Sea,with special reference to the effects of solar UV radiation

Environmental impacts of typhoon KAEMI on coastal phytoplank...

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中国海洋湖沼学会藻类学分会第七届会员大会暨第十四次学术讨论会

作者： Gang Li~1 Yaping Wu~1 Kunshan Gaog~(12*) 1 Marine Biology Institute,Shantou University,Shantou,Guangdong,515063,China 2 State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,Xiamen University,Xiamen,361005,China

Typhoons or tropical cyclones usually cause drastic environmental changes in coastal ***,little has been documented on their influences on coastal primary *** Jul-18 to Aug-7 2006,we investigated the photosynthetic carbon fixation,chlorophyll a concentration and species composition of surface phytoplankton assemblage in the coastal waters of the South China Sea prior- and post- the typhoon KAEMI（landing on July 25 at Jinjiang,Fujian province, 122 km away from the experimental site）.Chlorophyll a concentration started to decrease from 12.3μg L30 h before to 1.6μg L40 h after its landing,which then increased gradually to 7.9μg Lin a *** to the typhoon's arrival, microphytoplankton（>20μm）accounted for about 50% of the total chl a in the surface seawater,being mainly dominated by diatoms;howcvcr,in the post-typhoon period piconanoplankton（<20μm）maintained for about 98% of the total chl a for 6 ***（>20μm）became the dominating group again in 2 weeks aRcr the typhoon,accounting for about 60% of the total chl α,with the diatoms being the dominant group *** photosynthetic carbon fixation rate under PAR were 18.3μg C（μg chl a）h30 h prior to the typhoon,which reached 22.4μg C（μg chl a）hin 6 days after the typhoon's *** passage of typhoon led to enhanced apparent photosynthetic efficiency at low light and decreased light-saturating *** UV radiation significantly inhibited the photosynthetic carbon fixation by about 17% and 28% before and after the typhoon,respectively, reflecting that a higher sensitivity of the phytoplankton assemblages to UVR after the typhoon.

关键词： typhoon phytoplankton community structure UVR sensitivity South China Sea

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Effect of iron on growth and lipid accumulation in Chlorella vulgaris

Effect of iron on growth and lipid accumulation in Chlorella...

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中国海洋湖沼学会藻类学分会第七届会员大会暨第十四次学术讨论会

作者： Zhi-Yuan Liu~(a,c) Guang-Ce Wang~(ab*) Bai-Cheng Zhou~a a Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,P.R.China b CoUeage of Oceanology,Tianjin University of Science Technologys,Tianfin 300222,P.R.China c Graduate School,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100039,P.R.China

Due to the shortages of fossil fuels and the production of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide on their combustion,using microalgae as a source for bio-fuel is receiving considerable attention again in recent *** are one of the more promising sources because they do not compete with food crops and thus minimising the damages caused to the eco-and food chain systems. Marine microalgae Chlorella vulgaris is consider being a good potential source for biodiesel production due to its faster growth and easier cultivation except for the lower lipid content（about 14% to 20 % by weight of dry biomass）.In order to increase the lipid content and cell density in Chlorella vulgaris,the effect of iron on growth and lipid accumulation in cells were *** high level of iron concentration in the initial substrate,the cellular lipid content was up to 56.6% of biomass weigh and was 3 to 7-fold that of other cultures under lower iron *** additions of Feconcentration ranged from 1.2×10to 1.2× 10mol Lin the initial mediums were considered to be optimal for growth. Supplementing 1.2×10or 1.8×10tool LFeCl in the late growth phase increased the final cell density but did not induce lipid accumulation in cells. Moreover,the rapid method to determine the lipid accumulation in microalgae with fluorescence spectrophotometer was established. Our results showed that marine strain *** could be used as a resource for biodiesel production by adjusting iron concentration in the initial medium. Supplementing chelated Fealone in the late exponential growth phase would be enough for increasing the biomass production in ***.

关键词： microalgae Chlorella vulgaris cell densities lipid fluorescence fluorescence spectrophotometer FeCl3

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利用Phyto-PAM研究不同环境因子对微囊藻(蓝藻)和小球藻(绿藻)相互竞争的影响

利用Phyto-PAM研究不同环境因子对微囊藻(蓝藻)和小球藻(绿藻)相...

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中国海洋湖沼学会藻类学分会第七届会员大会暨第十四次学术讨论会

作者：常锋毅潘晓洁康丽娟刘永定李根保李敦海中国科学院水生生物研究所

微囊藻是我国淡水水体蓝藻水华的优势种之一,在自然环境适宜的条件下,常常能较短的时间内形成水华。现有的研究表明,微囊藻水华的形成必须有三个要素:微囊藻为优势种、藉以旺盛生长繁衍的环境及使之集聚的自身和外力条件。其中,微囊藻... 详细信息

微囊藻是我国淡水水体蓝藻水华的优势种之一,在自然环境适宜的条件下,常常能较短的时间内形成水华。现有的研究表明,微囊藻水华的形成必须有三个要素:微囊藻为优势种、藉以旺盛生长繁衍的环境及使之集聚的自身和外力条件。其中,微囊藻能否在同其他浮游藻类竞争中取胜是其形成水华的一个环节。但是,在浮游植物相互竞争研究的方法上以往通常采用显微计数或者流式细胞仪检测的方法。Phyto-PAM 可以根据藻类植物所含色素的不同,方便快速地测量不同类群藻类的生长和光合作用。在进行浮游植物相互竞争的研究中不仅具有反应灵敏、简便快速和无破坏性测量等特点,而且还可以反应出不同类群藻类竞争过程中受环境因子胁迫作用的大小,本文首次报道利用 Phyto-PAM 研究不同氮、磷浓度、光照强度、pH 值和温度条件下微囊藻同小球藻之间的竞争,通过 PAM 测定这两种藻在不同条件下的 ETR 变化,分析了其竞争过程中互相胁迫的情况。结果表明:当磷浓度低于 36μmol/L 时微囊藻较小球藻具有更大的竞争优势,而磷浓度高于此浓度时这种优势逐渐减弱,直至小球藻在竞争中占有优势。在不同浓度氮处理条件下(1～100μmol/L),微囊藻同小球藻在相互竞争中始终处于劣势。光照强度对微囊藻与小球藻竞争影响的趋势是,当光照强度低于24μmol/m/s 或高于140μmol/m/s 的情况下微囊藻为优势种,而光照强度在24～ 140μmol/m/s 之间时小球藻则是竞争中的绝对优势种。pH 值对其竞争的影响为,当 pH 在6～ 9之间微囊藻为优势种,大于9或小于6的 pH 则使小球藻占优势。温度对微囊藻和小球藻竞争结果的影响同光照强度对其的影响相类似,高于28℃或低于18℃的温度会使微囊藻在竞争中处于优势,而温度在18-28℃之间时小球藻则会在竞争中取得优势。由此可见,微囊藻在较低浓度磷条件下有较强的竞争能力,在高浓度氮磷条件下并不具备竞争优势,而高温和高光强可能是微囊藻在同小球藻竞争中取胜的关键性因素,并且 pH 保持在中性偏碱对微囊藻在竞争中取得优势很关键。

关键词： Phyto-PAM 环境因子铜绿微囊藻蛋白核小球藻种间竞争

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Genetic analysis of five Porphyra species by isozyme markers

Genetic analysis of five Porphyra species by isozyme markers

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中国海洋湖沼学会藻类学分会第七届会员大会暨第十四次学术讨论会

作者： Shen Songdong~(1+) Xu Pu~2 Zhang Meiru~3 Yuan Zhaolan~1 Wang Jianwei~1 Zhu Jianyi~2 1.Life Sciences College,Suzhou University,Suzhou City,Jiangsu Province,China,215123 2.Department of Biology and Foodstuff engineering,Changshu Institute of Technology,Suzhou City,Jiangsu Province,China,215500 3.Marine Fisheries Institute of Jiangsu Province,Nantong City,Jiangsu Province,China,226007

Vertical polylamide gel eletrophoresis was used to investigate isozyme polymorphisms among different isolates(including wild and cultivated)of Porphyra katadai,Porphyra oligospermatangia, Porphyra yezoensis,Porphyra haitanensis,and a hybridize species(Porphyra yezoensis×Porphyra haitanensis)sampled from ***,the analyses of probable minimum loci numbers and observed alleles sum,genetic diversity,and unweighted pair-group arithmetic average(UPGMA)cluster were carried *** initial activity and resolution testing of bands of 23 enzymes,6 of them(MDH, ME,LDH,GDH,IDH and G-6-PDH)proved to be appropriate for analysis of the full sample set The probable minimum numbers of loci and alleles analyses showed that all the five species of Porphyra had an extraordinary consistant result in ME loci and ***,*** and *** differed from other three species of Porphyra in LDH and GDH loci and alleles,while *** was independent in the analyses ofMDH,*** and *** differed from other three species in IDH analyses,while *** and *** were apart from other three species in G-6-PDH *** one with another,*** was most detached in the probable minimum numbers of loci and alleles *** results of genetic diversity analysis indicate the genetic variation between the five Porphyra species studied was limited as a genetic identity of *** hybridize species(*** x ***)seemed to be the most homologue with P. oligospermatangia as got a genetic identity of 0.8937,unexpectedly got relatively lower average genetic identities with both *** and *** 4 strains of *** were relatively more divergent with an average genetic identity of 0.7428,and *** presented most differentiated, branching from all the other species,which consistent with the result summarized in the probable minimum numbers of loci and alleles analyses.

关键词： Porphyra isozyme allele gene locus genetic variety

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鼠尾藻(Sargassun thunbergii)有性生殖过程与育苗

鼠尾藻(Sargassun thunbergii)有性生殖过程与育苗

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中国海洋湖沼学会藻类学分会第七届会员大会暨第十四次学术讨论会

作者：王增福刘建国中国科学院海洋研究所生物技术研究与发展中心

2006年春季和夏季在山东青岛,通过室内培养和野外实地观测的方法,研究了鼠尾藻的生长发育和有性生殖过程,并在此基础上进行了有性生殖人工育苗实验。结果表明:在青岛汇泉湾观察海域,在海水温度低于23℃时,鼠尾藻藻体长度增加较快,海水... 详细信息

2006年春季和夏季在山东青岛,通过室内培养和野外实地观测的方法,研究了鼠尾藻的生长发育和有性生殖过程,并在此基础上进行了有性生殖人工育苗实验。结果表明:在青岛汇泉湾观察海域,在海水温度低于23℃时,鼠尾藻藻体长度增加较快,海水温度高于22℃时,生殖托开始发育, 当海水温度超过23℃以后,鼠尾藻藻体长度的增加放缓,而生殖托生长速度加快,藻株的性别显微镜下观察生殖托的切片可以清楚区分,但外观上难以判断:当海水温度超过24℃时,鼠尾藻藻体长度的增加很少甚至停止,而生殖托生长速度达到最快,并很快达到性成熟时的长度,雌雄性从外观上基本可以判定,雌雄生殖托发育接近成熟:从7月15日开始海水温度超过25℃,7月21日水温达26℃并发现大量卵的集中排放挂托现象。鼠尾藻卵的排放较为齐整且有一定的先后顺序,生殖托基部的卵最先排出,然后是中部,最后是顶部。每个雌生殖托一天内平均有400多粒卵排出生殖窝,每株雌性鼠尾藻可排放4.8×10个以上的卵。卵排出后粘附于雌托表面等待受精。雄性生殖托排精时间要稍晚于雌托排卵时间,精子随精子囊从生殖窝中排出,然后逐渐释放出大量的游动精子。精子游动到卵附近与并之结合,形成合子完成受精过程。受精卵大约1小时后进行第一次细胞分裂,分裂面与长轴垂直,分裂后的两个细胞大约2小时后即进行第二次分裂,下端细胞首先分裂,分裂面与第一次分裂平行,分裂为一个较大的细胞和一个较小的细胞,较小的细胞随后将逐渐发育成假根;上端细胞的分裂稍迟于下端细胞, 分裂面与第一次分裂垂直,等分为两个细胞。随后大约每隔2—4小时细胞分裂一次。细胞进一步分化, 发育成胚苗。从卵子挂托,经精卵结合形成合子,到胚苗形成、脱离生殖托一般需要24—48小时。实验还发现,生殖窝不仅存在于生殖托上,而且在部分生殖枝上也有分布,卵子可从中排出并粘附在生殖枝上,说明生殖枝本身也行使部分有性生殖功能。利用上述有性生殖过程,开展鼠尾藻的人工育苗, 结果显示:每平米苗帘幼苗密度达到20万以上,18天内幼苗长度增加到0.3--0.4mm,胚苗的表皮细胞颜色逐渐加深,表面也变得粗糙,胚苗在苗帘上的固着效果良好,上述结果表明,鼠尾藻的有性生殖育苗是可行性的。

关键词：鼠尾藻生殖托卵有性生殖育苗

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Impacts of Astaxanthin Enriched algal Powder of Haematococcus pluvialis on Memory Improvement in BALB/C Mice

Impacts of Astaxanthin Enriched algal Powder of Haematococcu...

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中国海洋湖沼学会藻类学分会第七届会员大会暨第十四次学术讨论会

作者： Zhang xiaoli~(1,*) Pan Lishan~2 Wei Xiaoli~3 Gao Hong~2 Liu Jianguo~(1,**) 1 Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071 2 Institute of Laboratory Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100021 3 Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266001

The impacts of astaxanthin enriched algal powder on auxiliary memory improvement were conducted by using BALB/c mice daily which were pre-supplemented with different dosages of cracked green algal(Haematococcus pluvialis)powder for 30 *** supplemented mice were first tested to find a hidden platform by swimming in Morris water maze for 8 ***,the mice were used to search a visible platform in Morris water maze for 5 *** that,the mice were practiced to find a safety place,an insulated platform in a chamber for 2 *** above animal experimental periods,similar algal meals containing astaxanthin of 0,0.26,1.3 and 6.4 mg/Kg of body weight were continuously fed to each group of the tested *** profiles of latency,the distances,the speeds and the direction angles to the platforms as well as the diving frequency in each group were measured and *** process of mice jumping up onto insulated platform and diving down to copper shuttered bottom with 36 voltages electrical charge were auto-video monitored too. The results of Morris maze experiment showed that middle dosage of *** meals containing 1.3 mg astaxanthin/Kg body weight significanfly shortened the latency and distance of mice finding a hidden ***,the swim velocity had no obvious changes in each supplemented ***,the visible platform test showed a significant increase in the latency and swim distance,and a significant decrease in the swim speed for all groups of mice orally supplemented with *** powder compared to the placebo group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The mice supplemented with algal meal hesitantly turned around the original hidden platform,in contract the mice supplement placebo easily forget the original location and accepted the visible platform as new safety *** results illustrated that astaxanthin enriched *** powder has an auxiliary avail of memory improvement. The results from platform diving test showed that low and middle

关键词： Haematococcus pluvialis Astaxanthin memory improvement BALB/c mice

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念珠藻葛仙米对低温响应与适应的生理生化特性

念珠藻葛仙米对低温响应与适应的生理生化特性

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中国海洋湖沼学会藻类学分会第七届会员大会暨第十四次学术讨论会

作者：苏彦平王坎徐娟娟李敦海刘永定中国科学院水生生物研究所

研究了不同培养温度下对念珠藻葛仙米的生长和相关生理生化特性的变化。结果表明,低温抑制葛仙米的生长,在2-5℃低温下其生长完全停止:在 10℃的低温胁迫下,其生长延滞期变长,其后仍能保持正常生长。低温胁迫下, 葛仙米光合系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ... 详细信息

研究了不同培养温度下对念珠藻葛仙米的生长和相关生理生化特性的变化。结果表明,低温抑制葛仙米的生长,在2-5℃低温下其生长完全停止:在 10℃的低温胁迫下,其生长延滞期变长,其后仍能保持正常生长。低温胁迫下, 葛仙米光合系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)的光合效率(Fv/Fm)的变化趋势与生长曲线相似,2℃和5℃的低温对葛仙米藻体 Fv/Fm 比值负面影响比较大。10℃低温培养的葛仙米, 其光合效能(Fv/Fm)在维持一段时间的较低值后逐渐上升至正常值。15℃处理的藻体的荧光比值变化趋势与20℃的相似,总体来说变化幅度不大。以上结果说明葛仙米在10℃低温下经过适应调整可基本恢复光合活性,更低的温度则会对葛仙米光合活性造成不可逆伤害。低温限制了微生物的酶活性和膜的完整性,当植物受低温胁迫时,细胞膜结构和功能首先受到伤害,在转入新鲜培养基初期,几乎所有培养温度下的葛仙米细胞膜透性均增大,说明新环境(如新培养基、温度、光照、容器等)对葛仙米细胞膜产生了胁迫。其后,低温下(2℃和5℃)葛仙米的细胞膜透性在实验后期又升高,并显著高于较高温度培养下的葛仙米细胞膜透性。这表明藻体遭遇低温胁迫时,细胞膜通过主动适应,减低了低温对细胞膜结构和功能的伤害,但随处理时间延长,膜结构受到破坏,从而导致细胞膜防御系统的防御能力降低.在经过一段时间的低温锻炼后,越低温度下培养的葛仙米, 具有越高的总糖含量,低温下还原性糖含量也上升。这些化合物的合成,一方面促进了藻体的抗低温能力,另一方面这些物质的合成需要高耗能且需要从其他保护和合成过程重新分配资源,因此,低温下总糖和还原性糖的合成虽升高,却未能使藻体得以生长。低温胁迫下(2℃、5℃和10℃),葛仙米藻体的可溶性蛋白含量保存在较低水平。这可能是由于低温影响了一些蛋白合成酶的表达,进而影响了可溶性蛋白质的合成。这些结果表明,低温对葛仙米的生长和光合作用具有抑制作用,但葛仙米也表现出了一定的抵抗低温胁迫的能力,主要通过调节细胞膜的渗透性、诱导合成低温适应调节物质(如总糖和可溶性糖等)来减少低温伤害,从而适应低温胁迫。

关键词：葛仙米低温胁迫电解质渗透率可溶性糖还原性糖可溶性蛋白

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The effect of carbon concentration,pH and depth of medium on the absorption ratio of bubbling carbon dioxide

The effect of carbon concentration,pH and depth of medium on...

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中国海洋湖沼学会藻类学分会第七届会员大会暨第十四次学术讨论会

作者： Dacong Yin~(a,b) Yahong Geng~a Hongjun Hu~a Jianping Gui~a Yeguang Li~(a*) a Wuhan Botanical Garden,the Chinese Academy of Scionces,Wuhan 430074 China b Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049:China

In mass culture of micro alga,in order to maintain certain carbon concentration and pH of micro alga suspension,and to achieve steady high productivity,replenishment of carbon source is *** bubbling is a simple and widely applied CO supply technique;it suits paddle-wheeled shallow ponds and many kinds of closed and semi-closed *** effects of carbon concentration,pH and depth of medium on the CO absorption ratio were thoroughly investigated in this work,and evidence for improvement of CO utilization in mass culture of micro algae were *** to the significance,the factors affecting CO absorption ratio,lined up as:depth of solution, carbon concentration,and pH of *** solution depth of 10cm,20cm,40cm and 80cm,when carbon concentration increased from 4.76mmol/L to 95.24mmol/L,CO absorption ratio increased about 12%,10%,12% and 11% respectively;At carbon concentration of 4.76retool/L,9.52 mmol/L and 95.24retool/L;when solution depth increased from 10cm to 80cm,CO absorption ratio increased about 25%,22% and 25% respectively;Both depth of solution and carbon concentration affected CO absorption ratio significantly,it was indicated by variance analysis that the interaction between two factors did not have significant effect on CO absorption *** the range of pH 7.0-10.6,pH affected CO absorption ratio,and the degree of effectiveness was positively associated with the carbon *** concentration 9.52mmol/L was the turning point;at carbon concentration below 9.52mmol/L,pH had no significant effect on CO2 absorption ratio;at carbon concentration above 9.52mmol/L,pH affected CO absorption ratio *** pH is the pH when the partial pressure of CO in the medium equals the partial pressure of CO in air,and is one of the important chemical parameter of *** pH of several medium with different carbon concentration were determined by experiment,the relationship between equilibrium pH and car

关键词： carbon dioxide absorption ratio carbon resource conccntration depth of medium potential of hydrogen

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