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作者：赖婧倪学勤曾东王鹤松潘康成景波四川农业大学动物医学院动物微生态研究中心

大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)作为一种被高度重视的保护动物,完善对其肠道菌群的研究手段对于大熊猫生理机能、病理分析及药物研发等领域均具有极为重要的作用。然而近年来尽管对大熊猫的肠道菌群研究日益深入,由于其自身的稀有及政... 详细信息

大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)作为一种被高度重视的保护动物,完善对其肠道菌群的研究手段对于大熊猫生理机能、病理分析及药物研发等领域均具有极为重要的作用。然而近年来尽管对大熊猫的肠道菌群研究日益深入,由于其自身的稀有及政策的限制,绝大部分研究依旧集中于对大熊猫所排泄出的粪便,并以此推测动物机体内部的情况,这一限制直接导致研究的严谨性受损,并彻底限制了对其菌群结构进行人为调控研究的可能性。近年来,通过转移某种动物的肠道菌群至另外一类更易操作的动物体内,形成诸如肠道菌群人源化小鼠等技术开始逐渐成熟,并提供合理的参考。在珍稀动物领域,该方法为大熊猫等保护动物进行在体实验提供了一种新的方式和可能。本实验使用抗生素处理小鼠的肠道来得到伪无菌小鼠,并接种定植大熊猫的肠道菌群,结合PCR-DGGE(polymerase chain reaction-denatured gradient gel electrophoresis)技术,旨在得到更符合大熊猫肠道菌群特征的小鼠模型,为开展研究研究大熊猫的体内机制探寻动物模型并提供理论依据。本试验选择了10只成年健康大熊猫的粪便样本(来自成都大熊猫繁育研究基地),提取各自的粪便菌群DNA以及混合样本后的粪便菌群DNA,利用PCR-DGGE技术,得到条带后进行聚类分析,分别分析其菌群结构的相似性和多样性之间的差别;选择20只四周龄左右雌性昆明小鼠,饲喂一周缓冲后,连续灌喂五天链霉素,一日两次,随后分为两组(单次组及多次组),分别接种一次及三次(每日一次)混合的大熊猫粪便细菌悬液,选取造模后第三天的粪便,进行PCR-DGGE分析,比对两试验组以及大熊猫粪便菌群的菌群结构相似性及多样性差异。试验结果如下:1.混合后的熊猫粪便菌群均一性高,且相似度(>95%)远高于单只熊猫的平均相似度(74%),更加符合造模的条件,因此在后续实验中选择使用混合的大熊猫粪便样品进行菌群移植;2.造模后小鼠粪便菌群与熊猫粪便菌群的平均相似度显著提高,达到36%以上,显著高于普通小鼠与大熊猫粪便的菌群相似度对比值;3.通过组间比较,多次灌喂的小鼠粪便菌群的组间相似性(70%)显著高于单次灌喂组(低于50%),组间更加稳定;多次灌喂的结果,条带数间的差异显著低于单次灌喂(P<0.05),稳定性明显提升。结论:利用抗生素处理得到的伪无菌小鼠,可以用于建造大熊猫源化的小鼠肠道模型,并且多次灌喂可以使得模型更加稳定。该实验结果将为后续开展更为严谨和深入的大熊猫源化小鼠模型建造提供重要的理论依据。

关键词：熊猫肠道菌群无菌小鼠 PCR-DGGE

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低聚壳聚糖对断奶仔猪抗氧化功能的影响

低聚壳聚糖对断奶仔猪抗氧化功能的影响

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十二次全国学术研讨会

作者：王玉郑春田温晓鹿胡胜兰马现永王丽杨雪芬广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所农业部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室畜禽育种国家重点实验室广东省动物育种与营养公共实验室广东省畜禽育种与营养重点实验室

本试验拟探讨日粮中添加低聚壳聚糖对断奶仔猪抗氧化功能的影响。选取21日龄断奶的杜×(长×大)(体重约6kg)三元杂交去势公猪100头,按照体重将所有试验猪随机分配到5个处理组,每个处理组5个重复,每个重复4头猪。分组如下:(1)CTR... 详细信息

本试验拟探讨日粮中添加低聚壳聚糖对断奶仔猪抗氧化功能的影响。选取21日龄断奶的杜×(长×大)(体重约6kg)三元杂交去势公猪100头,按照体重将所有试验猪随机分配到5个处理组,每个处理组5个重复,每个重复4头猪。分组如下:(1)CTR组:基础饲粮;(2)AZ组;基础饲粮基础上添加30 mg/kg金霉素,12 mg/kg硫酸抗敌素,3000 mg/kg氧化锌;(3)1/2AZ-LC组:基础饲粮基础上添加15 mg/kg金霉素,6 mg/kg硫酸抗敌素,1500 mg/kg氧化锌,50 mg/kg低聚壳聚糖;(4)1/2Z-LC组:基础饲粮基础上添加1500 mg/kg氧化锌,50 mg/kg低聚壳聚糖);(5)LC组:基础饲粮基础上添加50 mg/kg低聚壳聚糖。试验周期28天,试验期间仔猪自由采食和饮水,各试验组所处环境条件及饲养管理均保持一致。第28天饲养试验结束,每个重复选取一头仔猪进行前腔静脉采血,分离血清,测定血清中丙二醛(MDA)和抗氧化酶的活性,。结果显示:(1)与对照组相比,添加低聚壳聚糖的试验组能够显著提高试验猪的平均日增重(ADG);(2)与对照组相比,添加低聚壳聚糖总体上可提高仔猪血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,其中1/2AZ-LC与空白组单独相比,差异达到统计学显著水平(P<0.05)。与空白组相比,添加低聚壳聚糖和/或抗生素总体上可提高仔猪血清总抗氧化酶(TAOC)活性,其中AZ组、1/2AZ-LC组、1/2Z-LC组与空白组单独比较,差异达到统计学显著水平(P<0.05)。与空白组相比,AZ组、1/2AZ-LC组、1/2Z-LC组和LC组仔猪血清丙二醛(MDA)含量分别降低了11%、43%、48%和44%(P>0.05)。仔猪血清总超氧化物歧化酶(TSOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。研究结果表明:日粮中低聚壳聚糖的添加可提高仔猪血清抗氧化的活性,进而提高机体的抗氧化能力。

关键词：低聚壳聚糖断奶仔猪酶活抗氧化

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Preventing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 by attenuating inflammation and mitochondrial injury and improving gut environment in obese mice

Preventing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through Lactoba...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十二次全国学术研讨会

作者： Jinge Xin Dong Zeng Hesong Wang Xueqin Ni Dan Yi Kangcheng Pan Bo Jing Animal Microecology Institute College of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province

The increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide is associated with a parallel increase in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).To investigate the effect of Lactobacillus johnsonii BS 15 on NAFLD,120 male ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups and administrated with BS 15(2×10～7 cfu/0.2 mL or 2×10～8 cfu/0.2 mL)or phosphate buffered saline(PBS) throughout a 17-week experimental *** mice were fed with normal chow diet(NCD) five weeks before the experimental ***,with the exception of the PBS group,NCD was changed into high-fat diet(HFD) for the remaining experimental *** showed that BS15-treated HFD mice were protected from hepatic steatosis and hepatocyte ***15 exhibited a positive effect on liver lipid peroxidation through an anti-oxidative stress activity by enhancing the liver antioxidant defense *** addition,BS15 inhibited the insulin resistance;decreased the mRNA levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1,fatty acid synthase,and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor y;and increased the expression of the fasting-induced adipose factor in ***,BS 15 attenuated mitochondria abnormalities when the content of uncoupling protein-2 decreased and cytochrome c increased in NAFLD *** 15 also reduced the level of serum lipopolysaccharide in NAFLD mice by lowering the intestinal permeability and adjusting gut flora,followed by the downregulation of the TNFα mRNA level in liver and the serum level of C-reactive *** findings suggest that BS15 may be effective in preventing NAFLD induced by HFD.

关键词： Lactobacillus johnsonii non-alcoholic fatty liver disease intestinal permeability hepatocyte apoptosis hepatic inflammation oxidative stress

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Effects of Bacillus licheniformis on the growth performance and expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in broiler chickens challenged with Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis

Effects of Bacillus licheniformis on the growth performance ...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十二次全国学术研讨会

作者： Mengjia Zhou Dong Zeng Xueqin Ni Teng Tu Zhongqiong Yin Kangcheng Pan Bo Jing Animal Microecology Institute College of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province Animal Genetics and Breeding Institute College of Animal Science and technology Sichuan Agricultural University

Background:Necrotic enteritis(NE),caused by Clostridium perfringens,has cost the poultry industry $2billion in *** study aimed to investigate the effect of Bacillus licheniformis as dietary supplement on the growth,serum antioxidant status,and expression of lipid-metabolism genes of broiler chickens with ***-induced ***:A total of 240 one-day-old broilers were randomly grouped into four:a negative control,an NE experimental model(PC),chickens fed a diet supplemented with 30%of fishmeal from day 14 onwards and challenged with coccidiosis vaccine(FC),and NE group supplied with feed containing 1.0×10～6 CFU/g ***(BL).Results:Body weight gain,feed conversion ratio,serum antioxidant status,and lipid-metabolism-gene expression were *** the PC group,FCR increased significantly whereas serum catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity decreased compared with NC *** *** supplementation improved FCR and oxidative stress in experimental avian *** Bacillus licheniformis as a direct-fed microbial(DFM) could also significantly upregulate catabolism-related genes,namely,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1,in livers and changed the expression of lipid-anabolism ***:These results suggested that dietary *** supplementation can enhance growth and antioxidant ability,as well as change the expression of genes related to fatty-acid synthesis and oxidation in the livers of NE-infected broilers.

关键词： broiler chicken necrotic enteritis growth performance antioxidant lipid metabolism

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The expression of immune-related gene of ducks infected with Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli(APEC)

The expression of immune-related gene of ducks infected with...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十二次全国学术研讨会

作者： Rong Li Ning Li Jinzhou Zhang Yao Wang Jiyuan Liu Yumei Cai Tongjie Chai Liangmeng Wei College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Agricultural University Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Centre for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases of Taishan Medical College

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli(APEC) can cause a serious disease in ducks,characterized by perihepatitis,pericarditis and *** the studies of bacteria isolation and methods of detection have been already reported,the host immune responses to APEC infection were still *** this research,we examined the expression of immune-related genes and bacteria distribution in APEC-infected ducks *** results demonstrated that APEC could quickly replicate in multiple tissues with the highest bacteria content in the spleen at 2 day post infection at early *** expressions of Toll-like receptors(TLRs),avian P-defensins(AvBDs) and Major histocompatibility complex(MHC) were tested in the liver,spleen and brain of the infected ***2,TLR4,TLRS and TLR15 showed different expression pattern,which indicated they were all response to APEC *** expression of AvBD2 was up-regulated in all the tested tissues,whereas the expression of AvBD4,AvBD5,AvBD7 and AvBD9 were down-regulated during three tested ***,MHC-Ⅰ was up-regulated at all tested days,but MHC-Ⅱ was dramatically *** study suggested that APEC could replicate in various tissues in a short time,and the activation of host immune responses begins at the initial time of *** results were useful to understand the immune responses of ducks infection with APEC and put insight into pathogenesis of APEC due to host facts.

关键词： Cherry Valley ducks APEC Host immune responses TLRs AvBDs MHCs

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Gut microbiota of giant panda

Gut microbiota of giant panda

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十二次全国学术研讨会

作者： Wei Guo Sudhanshu Mishra jingsi Tang Bo Zeng Ruihong Ning Ying Li Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural University

The giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is a highly vulnerable mammal(The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species,2016),whilst being the most iconic and flagship species for wildlife conservation *** giant panda,a member of family Ursidae and possessing a typical carnivore like short gastrointestinal tract,is an enigmatic species because it consumes nearly 12.5 kg of highly fibrous bamboo leaves and stems each day,and it became full-time bamboo eating species by the late Pliocene(2 Mya).Along with the threat of climate change,this bamboo specialist is at risk to extinction because of its sole reliance on large quantities of low-nutrition and low-energy content food from *** profound investigation of Panda's genome has reported that it encodes all enzymes crucial for a carnivorous digestive system but lacks those required for digesting cellulose rich bamboo *** the excellent studies on Tas1r1pseudogenization(umami taste receptor gene) and appetite-reward system in the panda's genome to understand the evolutionary consequences of dietary switch of the panda,there is still uncertainty about the underlying mechanisms and one question still remains unanswered;"why pandas shifted to bamboo diet?" Under such circumstances,it was believed that the giant panda is dependent on gut microbiota in order to adapt to highly fibrous bamboo ***,gastrointestinal disease is reported to be a primary cause of death in both wild and ***,it becomes most significant to understand,how gut microbiota impacts panda's health and nutrition,and biology behind this *** metagenomic study found the Clostridium bacteria in giant panda gut contains genes known to code enzymes that digest cellulose(Zhu et al.,2011),which was opposed later by a current study with larger sample size of captive pandas which suggested that panda's carnivore-like gut microbiota has not evolved to efficiently digest cellulose from a fibre-rich bamboo diet(Xue et al.201

关键词： Gut microbiota of giant panda

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The bacterial communities associated with fecal types and body weight of rex rabbits

The bacterial communities associated with fecal types and bo...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十二次全国学术研讨会

作者： Bo Zeng Shushu Han Ping Wang Bin Wen Wensu Jian Wei Guo Zhiju Yu Dan Du Xiangchao Fu Fanli Kong Mingyao Yang Xiaohui Si Jiangchao Zhao Ying Li Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural University Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Disease University of Michigan

Rex rabbit is an important small herbivore for fur and meat ***,little is known about the gut microbiota in rex rabbit,especially regarding their relationship with different fecal types and growth of the *** characterized the microbiota of both hard and soft feces from rex rabbits with high and low body weight by using the Illumina MiSeq platform targeting the V4 region of the 16 S *** weight rex rabbits possess distinctive microbiota in hard feces,but not in soft feces,from the low weight *** detected the overrepresentation of several genera such as YS2/Cyanobacteria,and Bacteroidales and underrepresentation of genera such as Anaeroplasma *** Clostridiaceae in high weight hard *** fecal types,several bacterial taxa such as Ruminococcaceae,and Akkermansia *** enriched in soft *** analysis revealed that metabolic pathways such as "stilbenoid,diarylheptanoid,gingerol biosynthesis" were enriched in high weight rabbits,and pathways related to "xenobiotics biodegradation" and "various types of N-glycan biosynthesis" were overrepresented in rabbit soft *** study provides foundation to generate hypothesis aiming to test the roles that different bacterial taxa play in the growth and caecotrophy of rex rabbits.

关键词： The bacterial communities associated with fecal types and body weight of rex rabbits

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Dietary administration of Bacillus subtilis HAINUP40 enhances growth,digestive enzyme activities,innate immune responses and disease resistance of tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus

Dietary administration of Bacillus subtilis HAINUP40 enhance...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十二次全国学术研讨会

作者： Shifeng Wang Haitian Liu Yan Cai Wei Yuan Yongcan Zhou Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education College of Marine SciencesHainan University

The probiotic properties of Bacillus subtilis HAINUP40 isolated from the aquatic environment,and the effects of dietary administration of *** HAINUP40 on the growth performance,intestinal probiotic recovery,digestive enzyme activities,innate immunity and disease resistance of tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus) were *** probiotic properties investigated include tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal stress,auto-aggregation,cell surface hydrophobicity and extracellular enzyme *** cell number of *** changed little after 4 h in simulated gastric fluid at pH = 2.0,3.0,4.0 and small intestinal fluid at pH = *** HAINUP40 revealed a strong auto-aggregation property(34.6-87.0%) after a 24 h incubation *** exhibited significant cell surface hydrophobicity in xylene(28.8%) and chloroform(41.3%) and produced extracellular proteases and *** tilapia(mean weight = 95.02 ± 7.65 g) were fed with a diet containing 10～8cfu/g *** HAINUP40,their final body weight,percent weight gain(PWG),specific growth rate(SGR),total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) and serum superoxide dismutase(SOD) increased significantly(p<0.05) after 8weeks;feed conversion rate(FCR) is significantly lower(p < 0.05) after 8 weeks;the protease and amylase activity in the digestive tract increased significantly(p<0.05) after 4 and 8 weeks;and respiratory bursts and serum lysozyme activity increased significantly(p< 0.05) after 2 ***,being challenged with pathogenic Streptococcus agalactiae for 2 weeks,the relative percent survival(RPS%) is 52.94%.The results of this study strongly suggest that dietary supplement of *** HAINUP40 can effectively enhances the growth performance,immune response,and disease resistance of Nile tilapia.

关键词： Bacillus subtilis HAINUP40 Tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus) Growth Digestive enzyme activity Innate immunity Protection

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Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on production performance,immune characteristics,antioxidant status,and intestinal microflora of bursin-immunized broilers

Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on production performance...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十二次全国学术研讨会

作者： Xuejiao Shen Dan Yi Xueqin Ni Dong Zeng Bo Jing Mingxia Lei Zhengrong Bian Yan Zeng Tao Li Jinge Xin Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China

Examples of probiotic that can promote host health by improving its intestinal microbial balance and intestinal immunity belong to the genus *** (BS) is a peptide isolated from bursa of Fabricius (BF) as an adjuvant for a variety of *** investigate the synergistic effects of Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) dietary supplementation and BS immunization on production performance, immune characteristics, antioxidant status, and intestinal microflora in broilers, 200 one-day-old broilers of mixed sex were randomly allocated into 4 treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement (LP-/BS-, LP-/BS+, LP+/BS-, LP+/BS+) for 42 *** immunization enhanced immune response by increasing serum total IgG concentration and IL-6 concentration, promoted antioxidant capacity by increasing CAT activities in serum and liver and decreased serum MDA content at 42 day of age (DOA), enriched intestinal microflora *** supplementation enhanced immune response by increased IL-2 concentration at 42 DOA, promoted antioxidant capacity by increasing liver CAT activities, increasing GSH-Px activities in serum and liver at 21 DOA, and decreasing serum MDA content at 42 DOA, promoted intestinal mieroflora composition by decreasing total aerobes and *** counts at 21 DOA, increasing total anaerobes count at 21 DOA, increasing Lactobacillus *** Bifidobacterium *** at both 21 and 42 *** were significant interactions between BS and LP on daily body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the starter period (1 to 21 DOA), IL-2 concentration and liver MDA content at 21 DOA, thymus index (TI), peripheral lymphocyte proliferation and *** counts at 42 ***, these data suggested that the combination of LP dietary supplementation and BS immunization promoted the production performance, immune characteristics, antioxidant status, and intestinal microflora of broilers.

关键词： broiler Lactobacillus plantarum bursin production performance immune characteristic antioxidant status intestinal microflora

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根源凝结芽孢杆菌上市

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中国畜牧业 2016年第23期 21-21页

11月5日，在青岛根源生物集团承办的“中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十二次全国学术研讨会”上，以根源集团英文名缩写命名的真一耐热乳酸菌新产品“凝结芽孢杆菌”（GBW-1A）隆重上市。根源集团5年前开始进行菌种筛选研究... 详细信息

11月5日，在青岛根源生物集团承办的“中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十二次全国学术研讨会”上，以根源集团英文名缩写命名的真一耐热乳酸菌新产品“凝结芽孢杆菌”（GBW-1A）隆重上市。根源集团5年前开始进行菌种筛选研究，经过3年生产工艺的准备，终于研制出真正耐热、高效稳定的乳酸菌产品——GBW-1A。研究表明：在G＋菌的胞外多糖结构中，凝结芽孢杆菌是惟一被证实带有岩藻糖单体和β-1，3、β-1,6葡聚糖糖苷键的菌株，具有较强的免疫激活作用。

关键词：凝结芽孢杆菌上市中国畜牧兽医学会学术研讨会菌种筛选生产工艺多糖结构激活作用

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