Spirometra erinaceieuropaei is a diphyllobothriid cestode whose adult stage occurs mainly in cat-like carnivores,but occasionally in canids and *** conducted the survey on from Rana nigromaculata and Rana rugulosa in ...
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Spirometra erinaceieuropaei is a diphyllobothriid cestode whose adult stage occurs mainly in cat-like carnivores,but occasionally in canids and *** conducted the survey on from Rana nigromaculata and Rana rugulosa in Hunan *** is the first report of *** infections in frogs in Hunan province,with the plerocercoids being recovered from infection of different parts in *** infection of frogs in different districts is *** average infection rate in different frogs is 24.2%(35/153).The infection rate of different parts in frog showed 6.5%(anterior limb),20.3%(hind limb),5.9%(trunk)and 6.5%(internal organs),*** species of Sparganum have been identified by the method of *** study determined partial sequences of the cox1 gene and compared them to sequence data from the CenBank/EMBL/DDBJ nucleotide sequence *** facts indicate that all isolates of *** used in this study,which were collected from Hunan province,belong to the same *** on cox1 gene sequences,genus Spirometra is clearly separate from the genus Diphyllobothrium. It seems that the genus Spirometra is not a synonym of the genus Diphyllobothrium.
TypeⅡfatty acid biosynthetic system is an essential process for bacteria,apicomplexans and some plants ***,Escherichia coli provides the paradigm for the ***,little was known about the fatty acid metabolism in Eimeri...
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TypeⅡfatty acid biosynthetic system is an essential process for bacteria,apicomplexans and some plants ***,Escherichia coli provides the paradigm for the ***,little was known about the fatty acid metabolism in Eimeria spp(apicomplexans).Here,we report a *** homologous gene(EtMCAT) to *** fabD,the protein shows 37%homology to *** FabD amino acid sequence in the coding region for the mature ***,the predicted structure of EtMCAT is similar to *** FabD crystal structure except for a few differences in secondary structure *** replacement of fabD gene with amber mutation of *** temperature-sensitive LA2-89 strain by *** MCAT homologue using homologous recombination with suicide plasmid pDS132,the transgenic *** strain which fabD gene with an amber mutation was replaced by cDNA encoding mature *** MCAT could restore growth at non-permissive temperature(39℃).The results demonstrated the functional complementation and direct function of *** our knowledge,this is the first functional evidence supporting the identification of *** cDNA for MCAT.
Eprinomectin is a worldwide-used endectocide compound largely administered to beef and dairy cattle as a topical formulation(pour-on).The present work herein aimed to evaluate the plasma disposition of topically admin...
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Eprinomectin is a worldwide-used endectocide compound largely administered to beef and dairy cattle as a topical formulation(pour-on).The present work herein aimed to evaluate the plasma disposition of topically administered eprinomectin in rabbits,as well as that under the effect of animal self-licking *** New Zealand rabbits were given one single topical(1000 ug kg-1) administration of *** were allocated into two groups(n=5):licking group where self-licking was free and non-licking *** comprison,significant differences were observed between self-licking and non-licking groups in plasma disposition of *** contributed to in a shorter half-life of absorption(29.44±7.81 and 14.85±2.79 h in licking) and a higher Cmax value for eprinomectin (21.95±5.36 and 6.98±0.72 ng ml-1 in licking),together with a markedly shorter mean residence time (106.66±7.39 and 50.72±3.45 h in licking).More importantly,the area under the plasma curve is similar(758.56±60.97 and 733.43±80.32 ng h ml-1,respectively) for both groups,in contrast to that for ivermectin in cattle reported. Altogether,the present experiment demonstrates that pharmacokinetic profiles for eprinomectin following pour-on administration in rabbits,the effect of animal natural self-licking behavior on plasma disposition,and the relationship between drug disposition and clinical ***,it suggests that a double cattle-based dose rate can be administered for pour-on eprinomectin formulation to provide an effective and rational approach to control of ear mite in rabbits.
Sequence variability in two mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) regions and internal transcribed spacer of rDNA, namely cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1(cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4(nad4),among and within tapeworm,***,**...
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Sequence variability in two mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) regions and internal transcribed spacer of rDNA, namely cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1(cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4(nad4),among and within tapeworm,***,***,*** and *** from different geographical origins was examined by a mutation scanning approach.A portion of the cox1 gene(pcox1),nad4 genes(pnad4) and ITS were amplified separately from individual tapeworm by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Representative samples displaying sequence variation were subjected to sequencing in order to define genetic markers for their specific identification and *** the intra-specific sequence variations within each of the four tapeworm species were 0-0.7% for pcox1,0-1.7%for pnad4 and 0.1-3.6%for ITS,the inter-specific sequence differences were significantly higher,being 12.1-17.6%for pcox1,18.7-26.2%for pnad4 and 31-75.5%for ITS,*** analy- ses based on the combined sequences of peox1 and pnad4 revealed that the recently described species *** was more closely related to *** than to *** findings provided mtDNA evidence for the validity of *** and also demonstrated clearly the usefulness and attributes of the mutation scanning-sequencing approach for studying the population genetic structures of these and other tapeworm of socio-economic importance.
The prevalence of helminths in the wild frogs was investigated in Hunan province,People's Republic of China from April 2008 to June 2009.A total of 601 frogs,mainly 20kg to 40kg,were collected from 19 representati...
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The prevalence of helminths in the wild frogs was investigated in Hunan province,People's Republic of China from April 2008 to June 2009.A total of 601 frogs,mainly 20kg to 40kg,were collected from 19 representative geographical locations in Hunan province and then dissected at laboratory to examine for the presence of helminths using a helminthologica *** 601 frogs included 469 Rana nigromaculata,91 marsh frog,29 Rana tigrina rugulosa and 12 Rana *** collected worms were counted and identied to species according to normal methods and descriptions.A total of 7 helminth species were found representing 3 phyla,4 classes,5 families and 7 genera. Some wild frogs were infected by more than one helminth species.7.4%of the examined Rana nigromacnlata and 18.6% of marsh frog were infected with Archiacanthocephala;13.4%of the Rana nigromacnlata,5.5%of marsh frog,75%of Rana limnocharis and 48.2%of Rana tigrina rugulosa with Spirometra erinaceieuropaei sparganosis;12.8%of Rana nigromaculata, 5.5%of marsh frog and 3.4%of Rana tigrina rugulosa with Encysted Metacercaria of trematode;1.2%of Rana nigromaculata with trematode;and 8.3%of Rana nigromaculata,50%of Rana limnocharis and 3.3%marsh frog with Celiac filaria;1.1%of Rana nigromaculata and 8.3%of Rana limnocharis with Capillaria obsignata;and 18.7%of Rana nigromaculata,2.2%of marsh frog and 16.7%of Rana limnocharis with nematode that mainly located in Thigh *** infective rate in Spirometra erinaceieuropaei sparganosis is the highest amonge the frogs.2 of the 7 wild frog helminths,Spirometra erinaceieuropaei sparganosis and trematode,are also transmissible to humans,that can cause severe clinical human diseases,posing signicant public health *** results of the present investigation have conducted that it is high time to take effective and efficient measure to put an end to the helminth infections in wild frogs in Hunan province and other parts of China.
The complete mitochondrial gonome of three Taenia species was amplified in two overlapping fragments and then *** sizes of the entire nat genome are 13700 bp for ***,13489 bp for *** and 13647 bp for ***,*** contains ...
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The complete mitochondrial gonome of three Taenia species was amplified in two overlapping fragments and then *** sizes of the entire nat genome are 13700 bp for ***,13489 bp for *** and 13647 bp for ***,*** contains 36 genes(consisting of 12 genes for encoding proteins,2 genes for rRNA and 22 genes for tRNA),but a gene for ATP synthetase subunit 8 is missing,which is consistent with all other species of cestode studied to *** genes are transcribed in the same direction and have a nucleotide composition high in A and T,but low in G and *** contents of A+T of the complete genomes are 71.3%for T. multiceps,70.8%for *** and 73.0%for *** AT bias had a significant effect on both the codon usage pattern and amino acid composition of *** the noncoding region,*** and *** have two noncoding regions,but *** only one the location of the noncoding *** include: a short non-coding region(SNR,73nucleotides) and a long non-coding region(LNR,176nucleotides),*** include:a short non-coding region(SNR,64nucleotides) and a long non-coding region(LNR,124nucleotides),T. taeniaeformis include:non-coding region 414 *** are substantial differences when compared with T. saginata,***,*** and Echinococcus multilocularis and other of non-coding *** analyses based on concatenated amino acid sequences of 3 protein-coding genes(cox1,cox2,nad6),revealed that the newly described species *** was more closely related to the others of Taenia genus, consistent with results of a previous classification based upon their morphology.
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