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Assessment of the physicochemical properties and bacterial composition of Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium-fermented Astragalus membranaceus using single molecule,real-time sequencing technology

Assessment of the physicochemical properties and bacterial c...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十三次全国学术研讨会

作者： Hongxing Qiao Xiaojing Zhang Hongtao Shi Yuzhen Song Chuanzhou Bian Aizhen Guo The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Veterinary MedicineHuazhong Agricultural University College of Veterinary Medicine Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy

We investigated if fermentation with probiotic cultures could improve the production of health-promoting biological compounds in Astragalus *** tested the probiotics Enterococcus faecium,Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium + Lactobacillus plantarum and applied PacBio single molecule,real-time sequencing technology(SMRT) to evaluate the quality of Astragalus *** found that the production rates of acetic acid,methylacetic acid,aethyl acetic acid and lactic acid using *** + *** were 1866.24 mg/kg on day 15,203.80 mg/kg on day 30,996.04 mg/kg on day 15,and 3081.99 mg/kg on day 20,*** production rates were:polysaccharides,9.43%,8.51%,and 7.59%on day 10;saponins,19.6912 mg/g,21.6630 mg/g and 20.2084 mg/g on day 15;and flavonoids,1.9032 mg/g,2.083 S mg/g,and 1.7086 mg/g on day20 using ***,*** and *** + ***,*** was used to analyze microbial composition,and we found that *** and *** were the most prevalent species after fermentation for 3 *** + *** gave more positive effects than single strains in the Astragalus solid state fermentation *** data demonstrated that the SMRT sequencing platform is applicable to quality assessment of Astragalus fermentation.

关键词： Astragalus membranaceus Enterococcus faecium fermentation Lactobacillus plantarum single-molecule real-time technology

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High-altitude living shapes the skin microbiome in humans and pigs

High-altitude living shapes the skin microbiome in humans an...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十三次全国学术研讨会

作者： Bo Zeng Jiangchao Zhao Wei Guo Siyuan Zhang Yutong Hua Jingsi Tang Fanli Kong Xuewu Yang Lizhi Fu Kun Liao Xianqiong Yu Guohong Chen Long Jin Surong Shuai Jiandong Yang Xiaohui Si Ruihong Ning Sudhanshu Mishra Ying Li Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural University Division of Agriculture Department of Animal ScienceUniversity of Arkansas

While the skin microbiome has been shown to play important roles in health and disease in several species,the effects of altitude on the skin microbiome and how high-altitude skin microbiomes may be associated with health and disease states remains largely *** 16 S rRNA marker gene sequencing,we characterized the skin microbiomes of people from two racial groups(the Tibetans and the Hans) and of three local pig breeds(Tibetan pig,Rongchang pig,and Qingyu pig) at high and low *** skin microbial communities of low-altitude pigs and humans were distinct from those of high-altitude pigs and humans,with five bacterial taxa(Arthrobacter,Paenibacillus,Carnobacterium,and two unclassified genera in families Cellulomonadaceae and Xanthomonadaceae) consistently enriched in both pigs and humans at high *** diversity was also significantly lower in skin samples collected from individuals living at high altitude compared to individuals at low *** of the taxa unique to high-altitude humans and pigs are known extremophiles adapted to harsh environments such as those found at high *** our data reveal that altitude has a significant effect on the skin microbiome of pigs and humans.

关键词： Skin microbiome high altitude Tibetans Tibetan pigs 16S rRNA

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肠道菌群的改变对旋毛虫感染小鼠的影响

肠道菌群的改变对旋毛虫感染小鼠的影响

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十三次全国学术研讨会

作者：郭歆岩黄海斌王春凤杨桂连吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院吉林省动物微生态制剂工程研究中心

引言肠道线虫与肠道菌群共生在肠道内,线虫感染可以影响宿主肠道微生物群分布状态,而肠道微生物区系的改变也对线虫数量和适应性的产生影响。本实验探讨旋毛虫感染对肠道菌群紊乱小鼠的影响,旨在为肠道寄蠕虫、肠道菌群、宿主免疫三者... 详细信息

引言肠道线虫与肠道菌群共生在肠道内,线虫感染可以影响宿主肠道微生物群分布状态,而肠道微生物区系的改变也对线虫数量和适应性的产生影响。本实验探讨旋毛虫感染对肠道菌群紊乱小鼠的影响,旨在为肠道寄蠕虫、肠道菌群、宿主免疫三者相互作用研究提供参考。材料与方法BALB/c小鼠灌服头孢曲松钠（剂量5/kg）,2次/天,间隔8小时,连续8天,建立肠道菌群紊乱模型,之后小鼠感染300条旋毛虫。在感染后7、14、21、28、35天收集小鼠的粪便,通过PCR-DGGE和菌落计数观察肠道菌群的变化;采集小鼠小肠及舌肌,HE染色观察小肠及舌肌病理变化;用流式细胞术检测各组小鼠旋毛虫感染后7、14、21、28、35天肠系膜淋巴结（MLN）、脾（SLP）的Th2型细胞因子IL-10、IL-4及Th1型细胞因子IFN-γ表达量的变化情况;将旋毛虫成虫与大肠杆菌、肠球菌、乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌共培养观察其对成虫活力及产生新生幼虫的影响。结果与讨论PCR-DGGE结果显示,肠道菌群紊乱小鼠感染旋毛虫后7、14、21天肠道菌群丰富度升高,提示旋毛虫感染有助于肠道菌群失调模型菌群的恢复。粪便菌落计数结果显示,模型组小鼠菌群中乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、肠球菌与对照组比较显著降低（P<0.05）,菌群紊乱小鼠感染旋毛虫后第7、14、21、28天粪便中乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、肠球菌数量与模型组相比显著升高（P<0.05）。感染组小鼠MLN和SLP中CD3CD4T细胞中IL-4、IL-10分泌量在感染后7、14、21、28天显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,但与模型组相比差异不显著。病理切片结果显示,旋毛虫感染可以导致小鼠肠壁变薄,炎性细胞浸润,杯状细胞增多。菌群紊乱小鼠感染旋毛虫后第7、14、21天肠道病变与感染组小鼠相比明显加重。染旋毛虫后第28和35天菌群紊乱小鼠舌肌与感染组相比虫体数量、浸润炎性细胞均减少。乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、肠球菌与旋毛虫成虫共培养能够促进新生蚴虫的产生,对照组比较差异显著（P<0.05）;大肠杆菌对新生蚴虫的产生具有抑制作用,差异显著（P<0.05）。旋毛虫具有调节肠道菌群的功能,通过恢复乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌可以增强旋毛虫活力和孵育率,提高宿主Th2免疫反应。

关键词：旋毛虫肠道菌群细菌免疫调节

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Probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 induces Autophagy to Protect against Pathogens in Macrophages

Probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 induces Autophagy ...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十三次全国学术研讨会

作者：吴艳萍 Yang Wang Hai Zou Baikui Wang Qiming Sun Aikun Fu Yuanyuan Wang Yibing Wang Xiaogang Xu 李卫芬浙江大学动物科学学院饲料科学研究所 Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Education Institute of Feed ScienceCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang University Department of Cardiology Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Department of Biochemistry School of MedicineZhejiang University

Probiotics are increasingly applied in popularity in both humans and *** of research has revealed their beneficial effects,including the immune modulation in intestinal pathogens ***—a cellular process that involves the delivery of cytoplasmic proteins and organelles to the lysosome for degradation and recirculation— is essential to protect cells against bacterial ***,the mechanism of probiotics-mediated autophagy and its role in the elimination of pathogens are still ***,we evaluated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06(Ba)-induced autophagy and its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli in RAW264.7 *** blotting and confocal laser scanning analysis showed that Ba stimulated autophagy in a dose-and time-dependent ***-induced autophagy was found to play a role in the elimination of intracellular bacteria when RAW264.7 cells were challenged with Escherichia coli(***).Ba induced autophagy by increasing the expression of Beclin1 and Atg5-Atg12-Atg16 complex,but not the AKT/mTOR signaling ***,Ba pretreatment attenuated the activation of JNK in RAW264.7 cells during *** infection,further indicating a protective role for probiotics via modulating macrophage *** above findings highlight a novel mechanism underlying the antibacterial activity of *** study enriches the current knowledge on probiotic-mediated autophagy,and provides a new perspective on the prevention of bacterial infection in intestine,which further the application of probiotics in food products.

关键词： probiotics Bacillus amyioliquefaciens autophagy pathogens antibacterial activity signaling pathways

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Immune response characterization of mice immunized with Lactobacillus plantarum expressing spike antigen of transmissible gastroenteritis virus

Immune response characterization of mice immunized with Lact...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十三次全国学术研讨会

作者： Wen-Tao Yang Qiong-Yan Li Yan-Long Jiang Hai-Bin Huang Chun-Wei Shi Jian-Zhong Wang Guan Wang Yuan-Huan Kang Jing Liu Gui-Lian Yang Chun-Feng Wang College of Animal Science and Technology Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal ProbioticsKey Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of EducationJilin Agricultural University

The highly infectious porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus(TGEV),which belongs to the coronaviruses(CoVs),causes diarrhea and high mortality rates in piglets,resulting in severe economic losses in the pork industry *** this study,we used Lactobacillus plantarum(***) to anchor the expression of TGEV antigen(S) to dendritic cells(DCs) via dendritic cell-targeting peptides(DCpep).The results show that S antigen could be detected on the surface of *** by different detection ***,flow cytometry and ELISA techniques were used to measure the cellular,mucosal and humoral immune responses of the different orally gavaged mouse *** obtained results demonstrated the significant effect of the constructed *** expressing S-DCpep fusion proteins in inducing high expression levels of B7 molecules on DCs,as well as high levels of IgG,secretory IgA,and IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines compared with the other ***,surface expression of DC-targeted antigens successfully induced cellular,mucosal and humoral immunity in mice and could be used as a vaccine.

关键词： L.plantarum TGEV S protein DCpep Mucosal immune response

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Probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 induces Autophagy to Protect against Pathogens in Macrophages

Probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 induces Autophagy ...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十三次全国学术研讨会

作者： Yanping Wu Yang Wang Hai Zou Baikui Wang Qiming Sun Aikun Fu Yuanyuan Wang Yibing Wang Xiaogang Xu Weifen Li Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Education Institute of Feed ScienceCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang University Department of Cardiology Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Department of Biochemistry School of MedicineZhejiang University

Probiotics are increasingly applied in popularity in both humans and *** of research has revealed their beneficial effects,including the immune modulation in intestinal pathogens ***,cellular process that involves the delivery of cytoplasmic proteins and organelles to the lysosome for degradation and recirculation,is essential to protect cells against bacterial ***,the mechanism of probiotics-mediated autophagy and its role in the elimination of pathogens are still ***,we evaluated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06(Ba)-induced autophagy and its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli in RAW264.7 *** blotting and confocal laser scanning analysis showed that Ba stimulated autophagy in a dose-and time-dependent ***-induced autophagy was found to play a role in the elimination of intracellular bacteria when RAW264.7 cells were challenged with Escherichia coli(***).Ba induced autophagy by increasing the expression of Beclin1 and Atg5-Atg12-Atg16 complex,but not the AKT/mTOR signaling ***,Ba pretreatment attenuated the activation of JNK in RAW264.7 cells during *** infection,further indicating a protective role for probiotics via modulating macrophage *** above findings highlight a novel mechanism underlying the antibacterial activity of *** study enriches the current knowledge on probiotic-mediated autophagy,and provides a new perspective on the prevention of bacterial infection in intestine,which further the application of probiotics in food products.

关键词： probiotics Bacillus amyloliquefaciens autophagy pathogens antibacterial activity signaling pathways

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Captive breeding alters the gut microbiome of giant panda

Captive breeding alters the gut microbiome of giant panda

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十三次全国学术研讨会

作者： Wei Guo Jingsi Tang Sudhanshu Mishra Chengdong Wang Hemin Zhang Jiangchao Zhao Fanli Kong Bo Zeng Ruihong Ning JiANDong Yang Mingyao Yang Mingwang Zhang Qingyong Ni Yan Li Caiwu Li Desheng li Yingping Xiao Hua Yang Ying Li Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural University Department of Laboratory Medicine Chengdu Medical College China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda Department of Animal Science Division of AgricultureUniversity of Arkansas Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Captive breeding has been used as an effective approach to protect endangered animals but its effect on the gut microbiome and the conservation status of these species is largely *** giant panda is a symbol of *** integrated efforts including captive breeding,this species has been recently upgraded from "endangered" to "vulnerable".Since a large proportion(21.8%) of the population is captive,it is critical to understand how captivity changes the gut microbiome of these pandas and how such alterations to the microbiome might affect their future fitness and potential impact on the ecosystem after release into the *** we use 16 S rRNA marker gene sequencing and shotgun metagenomics sequencing to demonstrate that the fecal microbiomes differ substantially in wild and captive giant *** microbiome diversity was significantly lower in captive pandas,as was the diversity of functional ***,captive pandas had reduced functional potential for cellulose degradation but enriched metabolic pathways for starch metabolism,indicating a reduced fitness when releasing into the wild since their major diet in the wild will be ***,antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors,as well as heavy metal tolerance genes were enriched in the microbiomes of captive pandas,which raises a huge concern of spreading these genes to other wild animals and the ecosystem after releasing them to the wild *** results clearly show that captivity has altered the giant panda microbiome,which could have unintended negative consequences on their fitness and the ecosystem during the re-introduction of giant pandas into the wild.

关键词： captivity gut microbiome giant pandas antibiotic resistance genes metagenomics diversity metal tolerance genes virulence factors

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Live probiotic Lactobacillus johnsonu BS15 promotes growth performance and lowers fat deposition by improving lipid metabolism,intestinal development,and gut microflora in broilers

Live probiotic Lactobacillus johnsonu BS15 promotes growth p...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十三次全国学术研讨会

作者： Hesong Wang Xueqin Ni Xiaodan Qing Dong Zeng Min Luo Lei Liu Guangyao Li Kangcheng Pan Bo Jing Animal Microecology Institute College of VeterinarySichuan Agricultural University

Numerous studies have focused on the beneficial effects of probiotics in *** so,additional information should be obtained about the mechanisms by which a useful probiotic strain successfully exerts such beneficial *** this study,we evaluated the effect of the dietary supplementation of both live and disrupted Lactobacillus johnsonii(LJ) strain BS15 in broilers at different ***,growth performance,lipid metabolism,gut microbiota,intestinal development,and digestive ability of the broilers were assessed.A total of 180 one-day-old Cobb 500 chicks were randomly distributed into three *** chicks were fed diets supplemented with1×10～6 colony-forming units(cfu) LJ per gram of feed(LJ group);1×10～6 cfu disrupted LJ per gram of feed(D-LJ group);and de Man,Rogosa,and Sharpe liquid medium(control group),respectively,throughout a 42-day experimental *** results demonstrated that LJ supplementation of feed had a positive effect on the average daily gain and starter feed conversion *** addition,LJ supplementation of feed decreased serum triglyceride and low-density lipid cholesterol levels,as well as abdominal fat *** also reduced the mRNA levels of lipoprotein lipase in adipose tissue and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 in the *** diminished the mRNA quantities of the sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 c and fatty acid synthase,as well as increased the level of serum high-density lipid *** increased the mRNA quantities of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a,acyl CoA oxidase in the liver,and carnitine *** also improved the intestinal development and digestive ability mainly by increasing the villus height/crypt depth ratio in the *** probiotic increased the levels of epidermal growth factor and insulin-like growth factor-1,as well as the activities of trypsin and lipase in the jejunum and *** exerted beneficial effects on the intestinal ***,LJ ma

关键词： Lactobacillus lipid metabolism gut microbiota probiotic broiler

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Appropriate dose of Lactobacillus buchneri supplement improves intestinal microbiota and prevents diarrhoea in weaning Rex rabbits

Appropriate dose of Lactobacillus buchneri supplement improv...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十三次全国学术研讨会

作者： Yi Zhou Xueqin Ni Bin Wen Ling Duan Hao Sun Mingyue Yang Fuqin Zou Yicen Lin Qian Liu Yan Zeng Xiangchao Fu Kangcheng Pan Bo Jing Ping Wang Dong Zeng Animal Microecology Research Center College of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science Qu Country Extension Station for Husbandry Technology Ya'an City Bureau of Agriculture

This study aimed examining the effects of Lactobacillus buchneri on intestinal microbiota and diarrhoea in weaning Rex *** this end,these rabbits were treated with *** at different doses for 4 *** chain reaction-denatured gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR-DGGE) was performed to determine the diversity of intestinal microbiota,while Real-Time PCR was permitted detection several bacterial *** and Real-Time PCR were allowed identification numerous cytokines in intestinal ***-1,pIgR and IgA genes were examined to evaluate intestinal *** showed that the biodiversity of the intestinal microbiota of weaning Rex rabbits improved in the whole tract of the treatment *** abundance of most detected bacterial species was highly increased in the duodenum,jejunum and ileum after *** *** HC group was higher than the LC group compared with the control *** the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae exhibited a different pattern,Escherichia coli in all of the treatment groups was ***-like receptor 2(TLR2) and TLR4 genes were down-regulated in all of the intestinal tissues as the microbiota *** the 10～4 CFU/g supplement group,the secretion of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α was reduced,the gene expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 was up-regulated and the expression of intestinal-barrier-related genes was ***,IL-4 expression was increased and the expression of other tested genes has not changed by 10～5 CFU/g *** beneficial effects of 10～4 CFU/g *** were greater than those of the other groups in terms of improving the daily weight gain and survival rate of weaning Rex rabbits and reducing their diarrhoea ***,10～4 CFU/g *** treatment improves the microbiota of weaning Rex rabbits and prevents diarrhoea in these animals.

关键词： weaning Rex rabbit lactic acid bacteria microbial ecology TLR

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Metagenomic Study Suggests That the Gut Microbiota of the Giant Panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) May Not Be Specialized for Fiber Fermentation

Metagenomic Study Suggests That the Gut Microbiota of the Gi...

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中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十三次全国学术研讨会

作者： Wei Guo Sudhanshu Mishra Jiangchao Zhao Jingsi Tang Bo Zeng Fanli Kong Ruihong Ning Miao Li Hengzhi Zhang Yutian Zeng Yuanliangzi Tian Yihang Zhong Hongdi Luo Yunhan Liu Jiandong Yang Mingyao Yang Mingwang Zhang Yan Li Qingyong Ni Caiwu Li Chengdong Wang Desheng Li Hemin Zhang Zhili Zuo Ying Li Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural University Division of Agriculture Department of Animal ScienceUniversity of Arkansas Animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural University College of Animal Science and Technology Sichuan Agricultural University China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda Chengdu Zoo Chengdu Institute of Wildlife

Bamboo-eating giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an enigmatic species,which possesses a carnivore-like short and simple gastrointestinal tract(GIT).Despite the remarkable studies on giant panda,its diet adaptability status continues to be a matter of *** resolve this puzzle,we investigated the functional potential of the giant panda gut microbiome using shotgun metagenomic sequencing of fecal *** also compared our data with similar data from other animal species representing herbivores,carnivores,and omnivores from current and earlier *** found that the giant panda hosts a bear-like gut microbiota distinct from those of herbivores indicated by the metabolic potential of the microbiome in the gut of giant pandas and other ***,the relative abundance of genes involved in cellulose-and hemicellulose-digestion,and enrichment of enzymes associated with pathways of amino acid degradation and biosynthetic reactions in giant pandas echoed a carnivore-like *** significantly,the enzyme assay of the giant panda's feces indicated the lowest cellulase and xylanase activity among major herbivores,shown by an in-vitro experimental assay of enzyme activity for cellulose and *** of our results consistently indicate that the giant panda is not specialized to digest cellulose and hemicellulose from its bamboo diet,making the giant panda a good mammalian model to' study the unusual link between the gut microbiome and *** increased food intake of the giant pandas might be a strategy to compensate for the gut microbiome functions,highlighting a strong need of conservation of the native bamboo forest both in high-and low-altitude ranges to meet the great demand of bamboo diet of giant pandas.

关键词： Giant panda Gut microbiota metagenomics enzyme activity diet adaptability

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