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Single Emxl-expressing neural stem cells give rise to both projection neurons and interneurons in vitro

Single Emxl-expressing neural stem cells give rise to both p...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Yu-Qun CAI,Yue ZHANG,Zhen-Gang YANG~* Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032, China

There are two major subtypes of neurons in the brain:projection neurons and *** Drosophila nervous system development,a subpopulation of single neuroblasts(neural stem cells) can give rise to both projection neurons and ***,in mammalian brains,whether single neuroepithelial cells or radial glias(primary neural stem cells) can produce both projection neurons and interneurons remains largely unknown. Using fluorescence-activated cell sorting(FACS),we cultured single Emxl-expressing neural stem cells derived from E10.5-11.5 mouse *** weeks after culturing in defined serum-free medium,multiple-immunostaining revealed that a subpopulation of single Emxl-expressing neural stem cells can produce both projection neurons and *** projection neurons in a single cell-derived clone express typical projection neuronal markers,such as Tbr1,Cux1,Ctip2,Foxp1 and Satb2,while interneurons in the same clone co-express Sp8 and ***, our preliminary results suggest that,during marine forebrain development,at least some projection neurons and interneurons share single multipotent progenitors.

关键词： projection neurons interneurons share single neural stem cells

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Mechanisms of basement membrane disruptions in congenital muscular dystrophies

Mechanisms of basement membrane disruptions in congenital mu...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Peng ZHANG,Huaiyu HU Department of Neuroscience and Physiology,SUNY Upstate Medical University,NY,13210

Brain malformations and retinal dysplasia in a subset of congenital muscular dystrophies(CMDs), dystroglycanopathies,are caused by disruptions of the basement *** extracellular matrix binding by the hypoglycosylated a-dystroglycan because of mutations in several glycosyltransferases is the underlying molecular *** is not known how the basement membrane becomes *** hypothesized that assembly of the basement membrane is reduced in rate thus causing a physically compromised basement *** test this hypothesis,we analyzed assembly of extracellular matrix on cultured neural stem cells and physical properties of the mutant basement membrane by atomic force *** assembly on the protein O-mannose pi,2-Nacetylglucosaminyltransferase 1(POMGnTl) knockout neural spheres was reduced when compared to the wildtype. When incubated with Matrigel,extracellular matrix(ECM) molecules including all 4 major components of the basement membrane,laminin,collagen IV,perlecan,and nidogen *** of ECM aggregation was reduced on POMGnTl knockout neural sphere as revealed by slower growth in aggregate size when compared to the *** staining and proteomic comparison revealed that the mutant basement membrane exhibited compositional changes from the *** force microscopic analysis revealed that the mutant basement membrane had reduced elastic modulus with surface topography showing bigger valleys than the controls. Thus,disruptions of the basement membrane in dystroglycanopathies may be caused by its weakened strength resulting from biochemical changes in composition and physical changes in structure and reduced assembly rate.

关键词： Mechanisms of basement membrane disruptions in congenital muscular dystrophies ECM

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Activation in human superior temporal cortex is modulated by shortterm auditory word learning

Activation in human superior temporal cortex is modulated by...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Rui DAI~(1,2),Zi-Rui HUANG~(1,3,4),Xu-Chu WENG~(1,*) 1 Research Center of Human Brain and Mental Disease,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 310015,China 2 Institute of Life Science,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China 3 Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China 4 Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

Objective Previous studies showed that the superior temporal gyrus and sulcus(STG/STS) plays an important role in auditory speech *** this study,we investigated whether the activation of the STG/STS could be modulated by short term auditory word *** We recorded blood oxygenation responses,using functional magnetic resonance imaging,to frequency-modulated tones,Cantonese words,mandarin Chinese words, and trilled and reversely played Chinese *** were then required to learn a set of Cantonese words during *** for the learned Cantonese words and unlearned control words were *** Activation was most robust in the STG/STS for mandarin Chinese when comparing to other *** the short training session,the participants could understand most of the presented Cantonese *** stronger BOLD signal change was observed for learned Cantonese words than for unlearned control condition in the STG/STS. Conclusion Our results suggest that the STG/STS may be crucial for short term auditory word learning.

关键词： superior temporal gyrus fMRI short-term learning auditory processing

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The crucial period for focal low frequency stimulation inhibiting the development of amygdala-kindling in rats

The crucial period for focal low frequency stimulation inhib...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Yi WANG,Zheng-Hao XU,Yang LIU,Kai ZHONG,Ceng-Lin XU,Wei-Wei HOU,Shi-Hong ZHANG,Zhong CHEN~* Institute of Neuroscience,Department of Pharmacology,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China

Objective To investigate whether there is a crucial period for focal low frequency stimulation(LFS) inhibiting the development of amygdala-kindling in *** The effect of focal LFS(1 Hz,15 min) applied in different periods of the kindling development process were *** was initiated immediately after daily kindling *** LFS given in the first week of kindling or during the whole kindling process had similar antiepileptic effect on the development of kindling,indicated by the slowed development of seizure stage and the shortened afterdischarge duration,while LFS applied after the first week of kindling had no effect,even aggravated afterdischarge *** the rats in the control group or received LFS after the first week were fully kindled within 20 ***,only 44%rats received LFS in the first week and 32.5%rats received LFS during the whole kindling process were fully kindled within 20 *** The first week of kindling process is a crucial period for focal LFS inhibiting the development of *** early period in epileptogenesis may be an ideal time for LFS treatment.

关键词： LFS epilepsy amygdala kindling crucial period

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Depletion of cathepsin B and cystatin C affects Aβ levels in transgenic mice over-expressing wild type hAPP

Depletion of cathepsin B and cystatin C affects Aβ levels i...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Seo-Hyun CHO Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease University of California

Objective Alzheimer's disease(AD) is the most common neurodegenerative *** amyloid B(AP) accumulation in the brain is one of the major factors which may result in AD.Aβaccumulation level in the brain was dependent on the balance between Aβproduction and *** showed previously that cathepsin B-cystatin C axis played key roles in Aβmetabolism of transgenic mice overexpressing hAPP with Swedish and Indiana ***,it is not clear if the cathepsin B-cystatin C axis could affect Apaccumulation in mice overexpressing wild type hAPP,which accounts for more AD cases compared with mutant *** the present study, we want to investigate the effects of cathepsin B and cystatin C deletion on Aβin mice with wild type *** Animals were obtained by crossing hAPPwt mice(line I63) with cathepsin B-/- or cystatin C-/-.ELISA and western blot analyses were used to measure Aβlevels and hAPP fragments,*** also used immunohistochemistry to detect pathology induced by ***(1) Cathepsin B or cystatin C ablation did not affect hAPP processing.(2) Cathepsin B or cystatin C ablation affected Abeta levels in mice with wild type *** Cathepsin B-cystatin C axis played key roles in Aβmetabolism of transgenic mice overexpressing mutant and wild type hAPP.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Happ ELISA Western blot mouse

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Local neural population activity pattern "gamma oscillation" under visual functional development of awake mouse primary visual cortex

Local neural population activity pattern "gamma oscillation"...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Guang CHEN,Xiao-Hui ZHANG~* Institute of Neuroscience,Chinese Academy of Science,Shanghai 200031,China

The circuits and neural activity patterns underlie the ocular dominance plasticity are not fully *** use the awake mouse visual cortex as the model system to explore this *** the multi-channel electrophysiological recording method we can observe the neural population activity of the visual cortex along the development and under different visual *** recent experiment results show that the awake mouse visual cortex has different states,one is "active" state,and the other is "quiet sleep-like" state with slow/theta *** different local brain states the visual responses are different from the view of the local field potential's *** grating visual stimuli can evoke gamma band oscillation but the frequency band is changing follow the stimulation onset and also different under the two local brain *** gamma oscillation has been thought to be related to some higher brain function and also visual *** phenomenon may play an important role in the neural information *** evidences show that neuronal membrane potential oscillation will affect the plasticity efficiency and ***,we propose that the gamma oscillation will play a role in the visual functional development and *** will provide us a chance to better understand functional development and plasticity from the view of local neural population activity.

关键词： neural population activity patterns synchronization and Gamma oscillation development and plasticity awake mouse

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TNF-α mediates hyperalgesia and allodynia by upregulating p-NR1 expression in spinal cord in rats

TNF-α mediates hyperalgesia and allodynia by upregulating p...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Feng GAO,Xin ZHAO,Ce ZHANG,Yu ZHANG~* Department of physiology,Key laboratory of cellular physiology,Shanxi medical university,Taiyuan 030001,China

Objective Following the input of peripheral nociceptive information,some proinflammatory cytokines from microglia,such as TNF-α,will be released,and further produce and maintain the hyperalgesia and allodynia. However,its mechanism is not yet *** is a necessary subunit of NMDAR,and it's well known that phosphorylation of NRl(p-NRl) can upregulate the plasticity of synaptic transmission,which is the essentials of hyperalgesia and *** consequence,the present study was undertaken to determine whether TNF-αcan mediate hyperalgesia and allodynia by upregulating spinal p-NRl expression in *** The paw withdrawal latency(PWL) test for assessing hyperalgesia / allodynia and Western blot for measuring p-NRl were implemented in the models of CFA-induced peripheral inflammation hyperalgesia or in the rats of TNF-αagonist intrathecally ***(1) Thermalgia responses and spinal p-NRl expression will be upregulated in the models of CFA-induced peripheral inflammation pain,which can be alleviated by TNF-αantagonist;(2) Intrathecal administration of TNF receptor(TNFR1) agonist will induce the development of hyperalgesia / allodynia,and enhance the expression of p-NRl in normal rats,which also can be prevented by TNF-α*** TNF-αmediates hyperalgesia and allodynia by upregulating p-NRl expression in spinal cord in rats.

关键词： TNF-α p-NR1 hyperalgesia allodynia spinal cord

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Mozart music exposure enhanced spatial memory in rats

Mozart music exposure enhanced spatial memory in rats

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Mao-Sen WANG,Ying-Shou XING,Yang XIA~* Key Laboratory for Neurolnformation of Ministry of Education,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 610054,China

Objective Music seems to have a beneficial effect on promoting mood state and cognitive performance of ***,whether rats exists analogous effect is still *** study was designed to investigate the effect of Mozart K448 on behavior in the developing *** Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to the Mozart K448 (group M),inversed Mozart K448(group M-inv) or silence(control group) from postnatal days 1 to 91,the potential of spatial learning and memory were assessed at postnatal days 28,56 and 91 by Morris water *** The group M and control group rats learned to find the escape platform more rapidly than the group M-inv rats(P<0.01),while no significant difference were found between the group M and control group rats(P>0.05).Compared to control group and group M-inv rats,the group M rats remained more time in the quadrant that contained platform formerly during the spatial probe trial *** Our primary results suggests that classical Mozart music may improve spatial memory in rats,resembling results found in *** inversed Mozart may inhibit spatial learning and ***,it is worth mentioning that more evidences are indispensable on physiology and molecular biology to elucidate the mechanism of Mozart effect.

关键词： Sprague-Dawley rats Mozart music Morris water maze spatial memory

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Bioinformatics approaches to computationally identify the human proteins with polyphosphate-binding potential

Bioinformatics approaches to computationally identify the hu...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Albert Cheung-Hoi YU Neuroscience Research Institute Peking University

Objective Polyphosphate(polyP) was widely studied in microorganism as potential high-energy phosphate source and stringent response-related regulatory *** was discovered in mammalian brain by Arthur Kornberg in *** have found a decrease of endogenous by transfection of polyP degrading enzyme (exopolyphosphatase,PPX) would cause the transfected cells to respond differently to *** study is to characterize computationally the possible polyP-related proteins to interpret the underlying mechanisms in cellular response to *** In this study,the precomputed structural neighbourhoods provided by DALI database were applied for identifying the structural *** then attempted to use bioinformatics approaches including sequence motif-based search,molecular docking calculation and gene ontology enrichment to identify polyP-related *** analyses were also used to trace the evolutionary history of polyP-related *** The major enzymes in synthesizing and metabolizing polyP - polyphosphate kinase(PPK) and polyphosphatases were not being identified in higher *** identified 280 human genes whose products may be structurally analogous to the PPK family proteins by DALI *** further computationally predicted the polyP binding potential of these gene *** of them were shown to have the binding capacity and possess derivative sequences from polyP-related *** Our strategy could be used for the prediction experiment and help the future characterization of polyP-related *** further study would provide important insight for understanding polyP metabolism and its regulatory functions in higher organisms.

关键词： polyphosphate polyphosphate kinase high-energy phosphate

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Rapid decoupling of the ON-OFF direction-selective ganglion cells in the developing mouse retina

Rapid decoupling of the ON-OFF direction-selective ganglion ...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Zhen XU,Xiang-Ming SHI,Shi-Gang HE~* National Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences,Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,China

In the rabbit and mouse retina,some ON-OFF direction selective ganglion cells(DSGCs)showed tracer coupling when injected with neurobiotin,and a majority of morphological ON-OFF DSGCs showed coupling in the early postnatal rabbit *** is not clear whether the coupled ON-OFF DSGCs belong to the same subtype,if they do,what preferred directions they exhibit? And whether the coupling in early development is heterologous and is gradually becoming homologous? In this study,we showed that after postnatal day 15(P15),all coupled ON-OFF DSGCs exhibited preferred directions to *** P13,the ON-OFF DSGCs with preferred directions to posterior also showed ***,every ON-OFF DSGC in all four subtypes exhibited coupling at *** results illustrated a rapid decoupling process around eye *** a transgenic mouse line with GFP exclusively expressed in the posterior subtype of ON-OFF DSGCs,we demonstrated that ON-OFF DSGCs with the preferred directions to anteriorand posterior are coupled together at P12,forming a "metapopulation"separated from the other two *** results suggest that early in development there exist subtype-specific dendro-dendrite/soma interactions among the four classes of mouse ON-OFF *** mechanism of how different subtypes of juvenile ON-OFF DSGCs recognize each other still needs investigation.

关键词： Rapid decoupling of the ON-OFF direction-selective ganglion cells in the developing mouse retina

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