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Defining the telencephalic pallial and subpallial progenitor domains and rostral migratory stream in the fetal human brain

Defining the telencephalic pallial and subpallial progenitor...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Congmin WANG~1,Tong MA~1,Yan YOU~1,Zhengang YANG~(1,*) 1 Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032, China

The human telencephalon,comprising a large number of distinct types of neurons,is considered the most complex biological structure known to ***,our understanding of the origin of neural diversity in the mammalian telencephalon has been largely obtained from ***,we have revealed that the expression patterns of several transcription factors in the developing human telencephalon are similar to that of the murine brain,which enables us to successfully identify four main proliferative domains:the dorsal telencephalon ventricular/subventricular zone and the lateral,medial,caudal ganglionic ***,we also demonstrate the existence and general configuration of the rostral migratory stream in the fetal human *** study generates a molecular map of the different progenitor domains present in the developing human telencephalon and should serve as a basis for a better understanding of the generation of neuronal diversity in the human forebrain.

关键词： human telencephalon neural progenitors pallium ganglionic eminences subventricular zone rostral migratory stream

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Across-ear stimulus-specific adaptation in the rat auditory cortex

Across-ear stimulus-specific adaptation in the rat auditory ...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Israel Nelken Department of Neurobiology Institute of Life SciencesThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael

The specific adaptation of neuronal responses to a repeated stimulus,which does not fully generalize to other stimuli,is called stimulus-specific adaptation(SSA).The SSA is thought to be with a mechanism for emphasizing rare and potentially interesting sensory *** in the auditory system from the inferior colliculus to the auditory cortex have been reported to show SSA to stimuli with different *** auditory system processes spatial information of the acoustic *** the present study,we investigated whether neurons in auditory cortex showed the phenomenon of SSA over sound stimuli located in different *** recorded single and multiunit neurons in auditory cortex of anaesthetized *** stimuli were noise bursts or tones presented toward different ears with oddball paradigm.(1)The majority of the cortical neurons showed the preference for the stimulus with novel position.(2)The firing rate of neurons was larger to the stimulus with novel frequency and position than that with the only *** reason that neurons in auditory cortex showed across-ear stimulus-specific adaptation was probably that this adaptation to the different spatial information was segregated from the frequency information,so in the oddball paradigm the response to the deviant stimulus was not affected by the adaptation to the standard stimulus.

关键词： auditory cortex stimulus-specific adaptation spatial information

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Transmembrane protein VSD is required for axon crossing for the formation of central complex

Transmembrane protein VSD is required for axon crossing for ...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Xue-Bo CHENG,Hai-Yun GONG,Zhe-Feng GONG,Li LIU~* State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science,Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China

Objective Neuronal connections between the hemispheres are considered important for organisms to organize information to adapt to variable *** central complex split flies,the locomotor activity and the visual learning and memory are *** midline crossing is an event that requires many components to regulate each *** study is aimed to find the genes that affect the formation of central *** Histochemistry with antibody nc82 was used to observe the shape of central *** blot with anti- vsd specific antibodies were used to study the characteristic of the ***(1) Nonsense mutation in the extracellular domain of VSD contributed to the central complex defect.(2) VSD can be cleaved by an unknown protease and release the intracellular domain from the membrane.(3) Overexpression the extracellular domain of NRG can partially rescue the mutant phenotype caused by knockdown of *** Transmembrane protein VSD (visual system disorganization) is essential for the formation of the central complex and NRG cooperates with VSD to regulate the axon midline crossing.

关键词： Drosophila melanogaster,central complex histochemistry transmembrane protein

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Balanced bilateral sensory input is essential for target selection of callosal axons

Balanced bilateral sensory input is essential for target sel...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Ying HUANG~(**),Ning-Ning SONG~(**),Lei ZHANG,Ze-Lan HU,Jia-Yin CHEN,Yu-Qiang DING~* Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology,Tongji University School of Medicine,Shanghai 20092,China

Prior to initial contact formation,intrinsic developmental programs and external guidance cues are responsible for guiding growing axons into their target *** input is generally thought to be necessary for refining and consolidating neuronal connections in developing neuronal *** here report that cortical callosal axons in the somatosensory cortex absolutely require sensory input for their target selection in the contralateral cortex. Eliminating sensory input to either hemisphere by unilateral transection of the infraorbital nerve(ION) prevents target selection of callosal axons in the contralateral ***,blocking sensory input bilaterally,by simultaneously transecting both IONs,callosal projections are largely *** contrast,non-simultaneous bilateral ION transection has the same effect as unilateral transection,regardless of which side is lesioned *** data demonstrate the critical role of somatosensory input in guiding callosal axons into their target cortical territory.

关键词： activity barrel cortex somatosensory cortex infraorbital nerve(ION) callosal axon

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Beta-asarone inhibits synaptic inputs to airway preganglionic parasympathetic motoneurons

Beta-asarone inhibits synaptic inputs to airway preganglioni...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Dong-Ying QIU~(1,2),Li-Li HOU~(1,2),Yong-Hua CHEN~1,Xu-Jiao ZHOU~1,Lei ZHU~,Ji-Jiang WANG~(1,*) 1 The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Sciences,Fudan University Shanghai Medical College,138 Yi-Xue-Yuan Road,Shanghai 200032,China 2 Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital,180 Fenglin Road,Shanghai 200032,China

Therapeutic application of Asarum,a herbal medicine that has been used for centuries,reportedly causes acute respiratory *** responsible constituents,the sites of action,and the mechanisms involved in this side effect are *** investigated the effects ofβ-asarone,a volatile constituent of Asarum,on neurotransmission in the medullary respiratory neuronal network using extracellular recording of the rhythmic hypoglossal activity and voltage clamp recordings of the postsynaptic activity of the airway preganglionic parasympathetic motoneurons (APPMs)in vitro,β-asarone caused progressive decreases in the duration and area of the hypoglossal bursts in a concentration-dependent *** frequency and amplitude of the bursts were initially unaltered or temporarily increased,but were then inhibited progressively after prolonged *** with the inhibition of the hypoglossal bursts,the tonic and the phasic excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic currents in the APPMs were attenuated. These data suggest that the Asarum-caused acute respiratory disturbance involvesβ-asarone-induced inhibition of neurotransmission in the medullary respiratory neuronal network.

关键词： respiration Asarum neurotransmission

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Induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the modulation of thioredoxin-1 in formaldehyde-induced neurotoxicity

Induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the modulation...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Fu-Cheng LUO,Jia ZHOU,Tao LV,Lei QI,Sheng-Dong WANG,Jie BAI~* College of Life Science and Technology,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650224,China

Formaldehyde(FA),a common environmental pollutant,has toxic effects on central nervous *** detailed mechanism of FA neurotoxicity has not been fully *** this study,we found that C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP) expression,a biomarker of endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress,was increased and pro-caspase-12 was decreased after PC12 cells exposure to *** results suggest that FA actually induces ER ***-1 (Trx-1) has various biologic activities,including the control of redox balance,the modulation of ER stress and inhibition of *** the present study,Trx-1 expression was increased by FA at early stage,but decreased at late *** Rgl had the potential to induce Trx-1 expression and attenuated FA-induced *** stress caused by FA was suppressed by ginsenoside *** data indicate that Trx-1 is a therapeutic candidate for treating against FA-induced neurotoxic effect.

关键词： formaldehyde thioredoxin-1 endoplasmic reticulum ginsenoside Rg1

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Characterization of brain angiogenesis in zebrafish larvae

Characterization of brain angiogenesis in zebrafish larvae

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Shan-Ye GU,Bing XU,Yu-Han GUO,Jiu-Lin DU~* Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China

Objective Brain development is supported by concomitant development of brain *** notions of CNS vascularization suggest that blood vessels penetrate passively into brain parenchyma from pial vascular plexuses for meeting metabolic needs of growing neural *** still remains elusive how the brain vasculature forms. Methods In the present study,we characterized the 3-D midbrain vasculature pattern formation during development using in vivo time-lapse confocal imaging of transgenic zebrafish larvae,of which blood endothelial cells express *** We found that midbrain angiogenic sprouts emanated from the bilateral choroidal vascular plexuses, elongated dorsally,and targeted to the mesencephalic central artery at the midline during 2-5 days post-fertilization (dpf).During later stages,some vessels sprouted from the pial vessels,grew ventrally and anatomosed with the mesencephalic central ***,stereotyped expression patterns of semaphrin 3E and wnt3 were required for this pattern formation of brain *** experiments are being performed to examine its detailed molecular mechanisms.

关键词： brain angiogenesis vasculature semaphrin 3E wnt 3

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Stage-dependent regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin gene expression by Nkx2.2 transcription factor

Stage-dependent regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiatio...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Xiaofeng ZHAO~(1,2),Qiang ZHU~2,Hong LI~2,Mengsheng QIU~(1,2,*) 1 Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology,College of Life Sciences,Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou,China 2 Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology,University of Louisville,Louisville,KY 40292

Nkx2.2 homeodomain transcriptional factor is initially expressed in differentiating oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs) and plays a critical role in regulating the differentiation *** studies showed that Nkx2.2 expression in oligodendrocytes is rapidly down-regulated as OPCs undergo terminal differentiation, but regained in mature myelinating oligodendrocytes in mature *** biphasic pattern of Nkx2.2 expression in oligodendrocyte lineage suggests that Nkx2.2 may have distinct functions during oligodendrocyte lineage progression. To define the role of Nkx2.2 in oligodendrocyte differentiation and maturation,we have used tetracycline-inducible expression system to specifically induce Nkx2.2 expression in oligodendrocyte cells at different developmental stages. Our results demonstrated that Nkx2.2 promoted OPC differentiation at embryonic stages,but repressed myelin protein production at neonatal stages,indicating that regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin gene expression by Nkx2.2 is stage-dependent.

关键词： spinal cord Tet-on transgenics oligodendrocyte myelin

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Glioma-initiating cells:a predominant role in microglia/macrophages tropism to glioma

Glioma-initiating cells:a predominant role in microglia/macr...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Liang YI~1,Hualiang XIAO~2,Minhui XU~3,Xianzong YE~2,Jun HU~1,Fei LI~1,Mei LI~1,Chunxia LUO~1,Shicang YU~2, Xiuwu BIAN~2,Hua FENG~(1,*) 1 Department of Neurosurgery,Southwest Hospital,Third Military Medical University,Chongqing,China 2 Institute of Pathology,Southwest Hospital,Third Military Medical University,Chongqing,China 3 Department of Neurosurgery,Daping Hospital,Third Military Medical University,Chongqing,China

The relationship between cancer-initiating cells and cancer-related inflammation is *** the interaction between glioma-initiating ceils(GICs) and tumor-associated microglia/macrophages(TAM/Ms) may offer us an opportunity to further understand the inflammatory response in glioma and the cellular/molecular features of the GIC ***,we reported a positive correlation between the infiltration of TAM/Ms and the density of GICs. The capacity of GICs to recruit TAM/Ms was stronger than that of adhesive glioma cells(AGCs) in *** vivo

关键词： cancer stem cell brain macrophages microglia gliomas

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Enhanced holistic processing in pure alexia

Enhanced holistic processing in pure alexia

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Hanyu SHAO~1,Zhongqin CHEN~2,Xuchu WENG~(1,*) 1 Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 310015,China 2 Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310008,China

Objectives Damage to the left occipito-temporal cortex often leads to pure alexia,which is characterized by an extreme slowness in *** is well known that the left hemisphere(LH) is specialized for analytic processing and the RH for holistic *** thus hypothesize that the processing of visual words in patients with pure alexia might rely more on holistic process than in normal *** We tested a patient with pure alexia and a group of young controls(n = 32) using a character composite paradigm,which allows the measurement of failures of selective attention to parts of a character that result from a holistic processing *** this paradigm,participants saw pairs of Chinese characters presented briefly and then made a same/different judgment about the attended halves of the two *** Holistic processing was revealed by the interference from the unattended *** patient showed a larger interference effect than the *** Enhanced holistic processing of characters may be a characteristic hallmark of Chinese pure alexia.

关键词： pure alexia holistic processing character composite effect

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