The innate immune system plays critical roles in recognizing viral infections and evoking initial anti-viral *** from RNA viruses are recognized by retinoic acid inducible gene Ⅰ (RIG-Ⅰ) like receptors (RLRs), Toll ...
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The innate immune system plays critical roles in recognizing viral infections and evoking initial anti-viral *** from RNA viruses are recognized by retinoic acid inducible gene Ⅰ (RIG-Ⅰ) like receptors (RLRs), Toll like receptors (TLRs), and other potential sensors in the *** are cytosolic RNA helicases that play essential roles in the recognition of RNA viruses in various cells, with the exception of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), and that sense viral RNA and trigger signaling pathways that induce the production of type Ⅰ interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines.
The humoral and cellular immune responses of Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, were investigated following intraperitioneal injection with outer membrane protein (OMP) of Edwardsiella tarda in Freund's in...
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The humoral and cellular immune responses of Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, were investigated following intraperitioneal injection with outer membrane protein (OMP) of Edwardsiella tarda in Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA).Total serum antibody level and specific serum antibody against OMP of *** were measured using ELISA for 14 weeks;both had a significant increase and reached their peaks 4 weeks after ***, the mean percentages of sIg+ lymphocytes in blood, spleen, pronephros and mesonephros were detected by flow cytometry.
In recent years, golden pomfret (Trachinotus ovatus) were widely cultured in the southern coast of China, making a great profit on *** to the intensive culture, bacterial infectious diseases often occurred between the...
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In recent years, golden pomfret (Trachinotus ovatus) were widely cultured in the southern coast of China, making a great profit on *** to the intensive culture, bacterial infectious diseases often occurred between the months of April and October each year and resulted in serious losses.A pathogenic bacterium (LS19) was isolated from the kidney and spleen of the diseased fish with acute epidemic disease in Ling Shui, Hai nan *** signs of acute disease were usually inconspicuous regardless of the species *** small white miliary lesions might be seen in the swollen spleen and kidney in the chronic form of the disease.
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