The so-called"Yeon’haeng-rok(燕行錄)"travel journals,which were records of trips made to the Yeon’gyeong city(Beijing)of China by the Chos?n officials and other personnel,are today considered as invaluable...
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The so-called"Yeon’haeng-rok(燕行錄)"travel journals,which were records of trips made to the Yeon’gyeong city(Beijing)of China by the Chos?n officials and other personnel,are today considered as invaluable materials that would let us understand the nature of a relationship that existed between Chos?n and the Qing(淸)*** the records created mostly by the governmental officials who were dispatched to Qing as emissaries and envoys,people who were directly in charge of carrying tributary items and receiving appointments and bestowals,these records indeed contain firsthand information concerning every little detail that dictated and defined the overall nature of the tributary-appoint relationship which Chos?n had with the *** were two aspects to this tributary-appointment relationship,mainly political and economic *** officials who traveled to China and paid respect to the Qing court performed their duties according to diplomatic protocols,and conducted economic trades in the process as *** activities are well depicted and documented in these Yeon’haeng-rok materials:description of the political process,exchanges of tributary items,and the Chos?n officials’observation of the Han Chinese(漢人)and the Manchurian Chinese(滿人),which are all hard to be seen or found in official records created by the *** journals reveal how the Chos?n people perceived the Qing *** 17th and 18th centuries witnessed a rather stabilized relationship between Chos?n and Qing,but even during those times the internal dynamics showed minor fluctuations,and through these records we can sense and feel them all.
This review essay focuses on the contribution of Wang Gungwu towards the intellectual framing of the Chinese World Order for the study of international relations past and *** two chosen entry points for a comparative ...
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This review essay focuses on the contribution of Wang Gungwu towards the intellectual framing of the Chinese World Order for the study of international relations past and *** two chosen entry points for a comparative discussion are Wang Gungwu’s essay in the 1968 Harvard University Press book on The Chinese world order:Traditional China’s foreign relations,edited by John King Fairbank,and the 2010 Routledge volume on China and international relations:The Chinese view and the contribution of Wang Gungwu,edited by Zheng Yongnian,which has served as a festschrift in celebration of Wang’s 80th birthday and his lifelong *** some of the other writings of Wang are occasionally taken into consideration,the focus here is on these two *** 1968 Harvard book is one of the most important publications ever published on the topic of foreign relations as conducted by China in its imperial *** Gungwu wrote one of the essays and titled his piece modestly as‘Ming relations with Southeast Asia:A background essay.’He actually went beyond the Ming dynasty and Southeast Asia to be a tour de force exploration of imperial China’s conduct of foreign relations with its neighbours to the north,south,east,and west,from the classical Shang-Zhou era down to the MingQing period,and included some contemporary *** origins and limitations as well as the myth and reality of the various notions of superiority,impartiality,inclusiveness,equality and power were deftly *** 2010 Routledge festschrift surfaces forty years later at a point when China is rising as a new major global power after decades of successful opening and market reform and when fresh questions are being asked about the possible shape of a new World Order and on whether there could be an alternative to the Westerncentric Westphalian model based on competitive balance of *** paper will highlight how some of the chapters within have reflected or extended upon Wang’s wri
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