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检索条件"任意字段=环境安全与生态学基准/标准国际研讨会、中国毒理学会环境与生态毒理学专业委员会第三届学术研讨会、中国环境科学学会环境标准与基准专业委员会2013年学术研讨会"

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Development of Archetype Exposure Scenarios for Use in Risk Assessment in Asia

Development of Archetype Exposure Scenarios for Use in Risk ...

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环境安全与生态学基准/标准国际研讨会、中国毒理学会环境与生态毒理学专业委员会第三届学术研讨会、中国环境科学学会环境标准与基准专业委员会2013年学术研讨会

作者： Oliver Price

Environmental risk assessment frameworks used in Europe for regulatory purposes are protective of ecosystems but lack environmental *** assessments fail to address the ecological consequences of environmental contaminants on ecosystem structure and function via the simplistic use of default parameters and assessment *** fail to provide a mechanistic framework to assess ecological consequences at high hierarchical levels of ecological organisation (***),which makes the usefulness of molecular approaches(*** early warning systems) difficult to incorporate within risk-based decision making *** is a clear need to develop mechanistic exposure and ecological scenarios to enable risk assessors to ascertain spatial and temporal ecological consequences of single and multiple stressors(including chemical mixtures) on ecosystem *** research programme aims at developing archetype scenarios for use in risk assessment,including the development of models to:provide spatially resolved emission estimates,predict the fate and elimination of chemicals in wastewater treatment plants,predict chemicals transport and distribution using multiscale multimedia fate models,and link them with water quality *** ultimate aims are to integrate these exposure models within a single platform to(1) assess spatially and temporally resolved environmental concentrations,(2) compare the fate of these stressors in multiple stressed environments,(3) develop archetype scenarios for use in prospective risk assessment and(4) integrate ecological effects *** presentation gives an overview of the project,an update on each model and initial results on their integration within a single platform,currently applied to aid the identification of relevant exposure scenarios in *** present the initial results of the integration of these models into one platform to assess source to receptor impacts for two test chemicals that are widely used in home

关键词： Development of Archetype Exposure Scenarios for Use in Risk Assessment in Asia

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Early Steps in Environmental Site Assessment:Data Collection and Screening,Problem Formulation and Conceptual Site Model Development

Early Steps in Environmental Site Assessment:Data Collection...

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作者：王春燕 Stahl,R.G. Jr.Grosso.N. Mack E.E. Ren,L. DuPont Company Corporate Remediation GroupShanghaiPRC DuPont Company Corporate Remediation GroupWilmingtonDE.USA.

There are several early steps in contaminated site assessments that are crucial for achieving a technically sound outcome.A technically sound assessment outcome is one that is based on a thorough investigation of the nature and extent of the contamination,an understanding of the significance of the contamination,and how that contamination may or may not present a potential risk to humans and the *** first of these early steps is to establish a diverse,technically competent team to develop plans for reviewing existing site information,or for collecting additional chemical,physical and biological data relevant to understanding site *** as important is to determine and agree upon the appropriate screening criteria that will be used to judge the significance of the *** not only helps to determine which of the contaminants found in soils, groundwater,sediments or biota could potentially represent an unacceptable risk to humans and the environment,but also which of the contaminants may ultimately drive the need for a risk management action such as pumping and treating contaminated groundwater,or for removing or capping contaminated *** problem formulation step is one well known to risk assessment professionals as it is when discussion and plans are made to insure that exposure and hazard(toxicity) data relevant for the risk assessment process are collected during the overall site *** important and continuing step is the development of the conceptual site *** conceptual site model is an

关键词： Model Early Steps in Environmental Site Assessment:Data Collection and Screening,Problem Formulation and Conceptual Site Model Development

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Silver nanoparticle toxicity in the embryonic zebrafish is governed by particle dispersion and ionic environment

Silver nanoparticle toxicity in the embryonic zebrafish is g...

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作者： Kitae Kim Sangwoo Lee Robert L.Tanguay Kyungho Choi School of Public Health Seoul National UniversityKorea Department of environmental and Molecular Toxicolog Oregon State UniversityUSA

The mechanism of action of silver nanoparticles（AgNPs） is unclear due to the particles strong tendency to *** agglomeration could offer precise control of the physicochemical properties that drive biological response to *** an attempt to control agglomeration,we exposed zebrafish embryos to AgNPs of 20 or 110 nm core size,and polypyrrolidone （PVP） or citrate surface coatings in media of varying ionic *** remained unagglomerated in 62:5 CaC12（CaC12） and ultrapure water（UP）,but not in standard zebrafish embryo medium（EM）. Zebrafish embryos developed normally in the low ionic strength environments of CaC12 and UP. Exposure of embryos to AgNPs suspended in UP and CaC12 resulted in higher toxicity than suspensions in EM.20 nm AgNPs were more toxic than 110 nm AgNPs,and the PVP coating was more toxic than the citrate coating at the same particle core *** silver tissue burden correlated well with observed toxicity but only for those exposures where the AgNPs remained *** results demonstrate that size- and surface coating-dependent toxicity is a result of AgNPs remaining unagglomerated,and thus a critical-design consideration for experiments to offer meaningful evaluations of AgNP toxicity.

关键词： Silver nanoparticle toxicity in the embryonic zebrafish is governed by particle dispersion and ionic environment

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Developing a national water quality criteria system in China

Developing a national water quality criteria system in China

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作者： Liu Zheng-tao 闫振广 Zheng Xin Kenneth M.Y.Leung State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences The Swire Institute of Marine Science and Division of Ecology and Biodiversity School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong Kong

Water quality criteria(WQC) are scientific basis for the development of water quality *** study on WQC in China is *** mini review introduced the progress of establishment of the WQC system in *** systematic WQC study has been started in China for several years,mainly referred to the WQC system of the United *** important kinds of WQC were studied,including aquatic life criteria,biological criteria,sediment quality criteria,lake nutrient criteria and human health criteria with focusing on the aquatic life criteria in the present phase. Technical guidelines of deriving the several major criteria and criteria values for some typical pollutants were proposed *** future research needs for the WQC development include screening of priority pollutant,investigation of aquatic biota distribution,establishment of toxicity test method and development of environmental quality criteria database,etc.

关键词： Research progress,Water quality criteria Technical system Research needs China

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The Study of Regional Human Health Risk Assessment of Lead Contamination in Yunnan Province,Southwestern China

The Study of Regional Human Health Risk Assessment of Lead C...

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作者： Lu Lu Hongguang Cheng Qian Li Tan Zhou Xuelian Liu Jing Xie School of Environment Beijing Normal University

In order to reducing the increasing incidence of pollution incidents of typical heavy metals from anthropogenic activity,18 ministries,committee,and other authorities jointly worked out China's Action Plan on Environment and Health(2007-2015).By now,analyzing the relationship between the environment and health has become a major focus of public health efforts in *** this paper,under the guidance of 'sources-pathway-receptors' framework,regional human health risk assessment model for Pb contamination in Yunnan province was developed in this *** regional human health risk assessment model consists of three main sub-models applied in cascade:an emission assessment model(the risk of sources),an environmental distribution model including atmospheric dispersion model,soil and food Cumulative model(the variability of pathway),and an exposure and individual risk model(the vulnerability of receptor). The software package Crystal Ball has been used to propagate the uncertainty throughout the whole regional human health risk assessment *** aim of this study is to offered a new research means and idea to quantitatively assess regional human health risk,and the results could provide support for further human health risk management of government.

关键词： Regional human health risk assessment Lead contamination Monte Carlo simulation Models of sources-pathway-receptors

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The Effects of Triclosan on Biomass,Survival,and Mobility of Freshwater Organisms in Thailand

The Effects of Triclosan on Biomass,Survival,and Mobility of...

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作者： Khatikarn J. Van den Brink P.J. Satapomvanit K. Department of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Wageningen UniversityP.O.Box 476700 AA WageningenThe Netherlands Alterra Wageningen University and Research CentreP.O.Box 476700 AA WageningenThe Netherlands. Department of Fishery Biology Faculty of FisheriesKasetsart University50 PaholyotinLadyaoChatuchakBangkok 10900Thailand

Triclosan（TCS）,an antibacterial agent commonly used in personal care,industrial and household products,has been detected in aquatic *** this study,the toxicity of TCS was investigated with freshwater microalgae and *** 72-h nominal median effective concentration（EC50） on biomass of Chlorella ellipsoidea was 29.1μg/*** crustaceans and insects were also examined for the effects on their survival and *** 24-h nominal median lethal concentration(LC) and EC for nauplius of Branchinella thailandensis were 531.9μg/L and 436.2μg/L,*** adult Macrobrachium lanchesteri,the LC-96h was 803.6μg/*** LC-24h for aquatic insects,Cinygmina *** Anisops sp.,were 453.3 and >1000μg/L,*** findings suggest TCS having lower acute toxicity to the freshwater invertebrates comparing with the *** studies on chronic and sub-lethal effects of TCS should be investigated to fully understand the potential long-term biological effects.

关键词： Triclosan Toxicity Freshwater Microalgae Invertebrates

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Screening of aquatic plant sensitive pollutants and deriving freshwater quality criteria

Screening of aquatic plant sensitive pollutants and deriving...

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作者：王伟莉 Yan Zhenguang Wang Xiaonan He Li Liu Juanjuan Liu Zhengtao State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effects and Risk Assessment of ChemicalsChinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

Aquatic toxicity data of 120 priority pollutants listed in national recommended water quality criteria(2009) in the ECOTOX and TOXLINE database were analyzed in this *** reference to the US' national water quality criteria derivation guidelines,five pollutants showing high plant toxicity- 1,1,1- Trichloroethane,4-Nitrophenol,Butylbenzyl Phthalate,Di- n- Butyl Phthalate and N-Nitrosodimethylamine were *** CMCs and CCCs were derived according to the technical guidelines of the US(1985).The CMCs and CCCs of 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, 4-Nitrophenol,Butylbenzyl Phthalate,Di- n- Butyl Phthalate were(347.76 and 11.23),(4261.14 and 409.04),(210.22 and 16.73),(134.53 and 35.95) p.g/L,*** CMC of N-Nitrosodimethylamine was 103.83μg/L,and the CCC wasn't derived in this *** results showed that high plant toxicity pollutants do exist,indicating that aquatic plants are more sensitive to these pollutants than aquatic ***,the toxicity tests of aquatic plants are far less than those of *** aquatic plants toxicity data is extremely ***,the study and application of the aquatic plants toxicity need to be given sufficient attention.

关键词： pollutant ecotoxicity aquatic plant species sensitivity water quality criteria

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Distribution of Cadmium Dietary Intake in X Town of Shouth China

Distribution of Cadmium Dietary Intake in X Town of Shouth C...

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作者：刘雪莲 Hongguang Cheng Jing Xie Lin Wang School of Environment Beijing Normal University

In order to estimate the present situation of Cadmium dietary intake by inhabitants in X town of South China,a dietary investigation was conducted with stratified cluster random sampling *** this test,270 male and 272 female residents at different ages were chosen to do a 3-day dietary *** according to the result of it,a total of 7 food groups,including rice,vegetable,meat,chicken and egg,were sampled from contaminated areas using the total dietary study *** level was measured by AAS,and JMP Pro 10 software was used to do statistical analysis. The dietary survey results indicated that dietary intake quantity per person per day was between 307.50g and 1271.37g,and the intake quantities of 26-year-old male group and 56-year-old female group were the highest *** outcome of analysis on food samples showed that cadmium content in 45.8%of 306 rice samples,11.1%of 252 vegetable samples,and 4.8%of 21 chicken samples exceeded the limit,while the Cadmium content in meat and eggs was below the *** intake of Cadmium in meals per person per day was between 34.12μg(infant) and 322.20μ*** products were the highest contribution,which took up about 80%.The results of the spatial analysis with ArcGIS showed that Cadmium intake was much higher around W-Mo ore deposit than that in unpolluted areas.

关键词： Distribution of Cadmium Dietary Intake in X Town of Shouth China

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Response of antioxidant enzymes in freshwater fish(Carassius auratus) to exposure to Zinc and its EDTA complex

Response of antioxidant enzymes in freshwater fish(Carassius...

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作者：刘慧 Weimu Wang Key Laboratory of High-Effective Irrigation and Drainage and Agricultural Water and Soil Environment in Southern China Ministry of EducationHohai University College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Hohai University

Agricultural and industrial activities cause heavy metal pollution of the aquatic *** effects of free metal ions on fish antioxidant defense systems are well ***,the effects of organic ligands with free metal ions on antioxidant systems have been scarcely *** study examined the effects of zinc ions(Zn)and its EDTA complex on antioxidant enzymes,such as catalase（CAT）,superoxide dismutase（SOD）, glutathione S-transferase（GST）,and glutathione peroxidase（GPx）.Gold fish（Carassius auratus） liver zinc content and enzyme activity were studied after 40-days of *** this study,SOD,CAT and GPx activities decreased with Zn and Zn-EDTA ***,the decrease of CAT and GPx activities were alleviated with the addition of EDTA at higher levels. The GST activity increased at low concentration treatments（<0.05 mg/L）,but was inhibited at higher Zn~(2+_ levels（>0.05 mg/L）.EDTA can promote zinc toxicity when exposure level are less than 0.50 mg/L,but changed the bioavailability and decreased the toxicity of the when the Zn exposure level was over 0.5 mg/*** indicates the efficient antioxidant and reactive oxygen species scavenging activity by EDTA against Zn-induced free radicals and oxidative stress.

关键词： zinc EDTA fish antioxidant system

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A Tiered Ecological Risk Assessment of Pentachlorophenol Based on Chinese Resident Species

A Tiered Ecological Risk Assessment of Pentachlorophenol Bas...

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作者：金小伟 Yeyao Wang Zijian Wang John P.Giesy Department of Analytical Technique China National Environmental Monitoring Center State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada

Pentachlorophenol(PCP) is reported to be an endocrine disruptor,and is also a recognized class 2B carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC).In present study,the ecological risks posed by PCP in Chinese surface waters were *** was achieved by applying a tiered ecological risk assessment(ERA) approach ranging from deterministic methods to probabilistic options to measured concentrations of PCP in surface water of seven major watersheds and three drainage regions in China and the chronic toxicity data for indigenous Chinese *** results show that the Hazard quotient(HQ) of PCP ranged from 0.01 to 0.12 with an average of *** probability of exceeding the NOEC/10 for 1-5%of the species ranged from 0.08-1.74%for *** a safety factor of 100 was used,the probability increased to 76.3-96.2%.PCP posed little ecological risk in Chinese surface ***,the risks varied with different river basins,for example,PCP posed some ecological risk in the Yangtze,Huaihe,and Pearl *** probabilistic risk assessment approach,which can provide more information for risk managers and decision makers,was favored over the screening-level single-value estimate ***,the results from all tiers of the ERA methods in the framework were consistent with each other.

关键词： A Tiered Ecological Risk Assessment of Pentachlorophenol Based on Chinese Resident Species

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