On the basis of our previous study,we further investigated the effects of silver ion (Ag+ ) dissolved from silver nanoparticles(AgNps ) on gap junctional intercellular communication(GJIC ) in HaCaT cells.1mg/mL AgNps ...
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On the basis of our previous study,we further investigated the effects of silver ion (Ag+ ) dissolved from silver nanoparticles(AgNps ) on gap junctional intercellular communication(GJIC ) in HaCaT cells.1mg/mL AgNps suspension were centrifuged at 4°C,20000g for 2h,then the supernatant was collected as Ag+ stock solution and measured by ICP-MS;GJIC was detected by the scrape loading/dye transfer assay;Cx43 protein and mRNA level were estimated by western-blot and RT-PCR,*** concentration of Ag+(0.01,0.1,1.0μg/mL) did not affect the GJIC *** notable changes were observed in expression of Cx43 protein and *** on the results of our previous study, this study indicate that characteristics of Ag+ on gap junctional intercellular communication between HaCaT cells may different from AgNps.
Triclosan（TCS）,an antibacterial agent commonly used in personal care,industrial and household products,has been detected in aquatic *** this study,the toxicity of TCS was investigated with freshwater microalgae and ...
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Triclosan（TCS）,an antibacterial agent commonly used in personal care,industrial and household products,has been detected in aquatic *** this study,the toxicity of TCS was investigated with freshwater microalgae and *** 72-h nominal median effective concentration（EC50） on biomass of Chlorella ellipsoidea was 29.1μg/*** crustaceans and insects were also examined for the effects on their survival and *** 24-h nominal median lethal concentration(LC) and EC for nauplius of Branchinella thailandensis were 531.9μg/L and 436.2μg/L,*** adult Macrobrachium lanchesteri,the LC-96h was 803.6μg/*** LC-24h for aquatic insects,Cinygmina *** Anisops sp.,were 453.3 and >1000μg/L,*** findings suggest TCS having lower acute toxicity to the freshwater invertebrates comparing with the *** studies on chronic and sub-lethal effects of TCS should be investigated to fully understand the potential long-term biological effects.
A simple,low-cost and sensitive method for determining organophosphate esters(OPEs) in water samples has been developed based on headspace solid-phase microextraction(SPME) followed by gas chromatography-flame photome...
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A simple,low-cost and sensitive method for determining organophosphate esters(OPEs) in water samples has been developed based on headspace solid-phase microextraction(SPME) followed by gas chromatography-flame photometric *** ionic liquid(l-allyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate,[AMIM][BF4])-based coating was developed by sol-gel technology and employed for extracting *** prepared coating performed stably at high temperatures(up to 335℃) and with a range of *** can be used at least 200 times without an obvious decrease in extraction efficiency. The extraction capability of the new fiber was much higher than polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS), polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene(PDMS/DVB) and polyacrylate(PA) *** experimental parameters that influenced the extraction efficiency,including extraction time,extraction temperature, stirring rate and ionic strength were investigated and *** the optimal conditions,the method detection limits(S/N=3) were in the range of 0.7-12 ng L-l,and the limits of quantification (S/N=10) were between 1.0 and 28 ng *** repeatability of a single fiber varied from 3.3 to 7.6% (intra-day precision,n=6) and 4.3 to 8.9%(inter-day precision,n=6).The reproducibility of fiber-to-fiber(n=6) was in the range of 3.1-9.4%.The proposed method was applied successfully to the determination of OPEs in lake water,wastewater,sewage treatment plant effluent,and tap water with recoveries varying from 75.2 to 101.8%.The results demonstrate that the proposed method is highly effective for analyzing OPEs in water samples.
Pharmaceutical contamination in the environment is a global concern. Pharmaceuticals have been developed and used for treatment of diseases of humans and animals. However these chemicals may be discharged into environ...
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Pharmaceutical contamination in the environment is a global concern. Pharmaceuticals have been developed and used for treatment of diseases of humans and animals. However these chemicals may be discharged into environment and affect the non-target organisms and cause significant consequences in the *** studies on environmental pharmaceuticals have been actively carried out due to such *** this presentation,I outline backgrounds and trends of environmental pharmaceutical studies and introduce major research findings on ecological toxicity of pharmaceuticals with a focus on endocrine disruption and mixture *** pharmaceuticals appeared to be unlikely to cause direct impact on ecosystem receptors at the current levels of *** there are a few pharmaceuticals that demonstrated significant damage on sustainability of a vulnerable species. Due to this concern,several countries,for example,European Union and Switzerland,have established water quality standards or criteria for a few *** pharmaceuticals appear to be endocrine ***,tetracyclines,ibuprofen, mefemanic acid,and diclofenac are such *** compounds can influence steroidogenic pathway of fish and enhance estrogenicity of the *** effective concentrations are however orders of magnitude greater than those occurring in the aquatic *** of long term exposure to such compounds,especially in the context of endocrine disruption,are *** area of growing importance is mixture interaction of environmental *** pharmaceuticals may influence metabolism of other compounds and hence affect the *** e.g.,ketoconazole are suspected to inhibit several metabolic enzymes,such as *** many pharmaceuticals are known to be substrates of this enzyme,the toxicity of the substrate pharmaceuticals can be expected to increase when being exposed together wi
Environmental risk assessment frameworks used in Europe for regulatory purposes are protective of ecosystems but lack environmental *** assessments fail to address the ecological consequences of environmental contamin...
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Environmental risk assessment frameworks used in Europe for regulatory purposes are protective of ecosystems but lack environmental *** assessments fail to address the ecological consequences of environmental contaminants on ecosystem structure and function via the simplistic use of default parameters and assessment *** fail to provide a mechanistic framework to assess ecological consequences at high hierarchical levels of ecological organisation (***),which makes the usefulness of molecular approaches(*** early warning systems) difficult to incorporate within risk-based decision making *** is a clear need to develop mechanistic exposure and ecological scenarios to enable risk assessors to ascertain spatial and temporal ecological consequences of single and multiple stressors(including chemical mixtures) on ecosystem *** research programme aims at developing archetype scenarios for use in risk assessment,including the development of models to:provide spatially resolved emission estimates,predict the fate and elimination of chemicals in wastewater treatment plants,predict chemicals transport and distribution using multiscale multimedia fate models,and link them with water quality *** ultimate aims are to integrate these exposure models within a single platform to(1) assess spatially and temporally resolved environmental concentrations,(2) compare the fate of these stressors in multiple stressed environments,(3) develop archetype scenarios for use in prospective risk assessment and(4) integrate ecological effects *** presentation gives an overview of the project,an update on each model and initial results on their integration within a single platform,currently applied to aid the identification of relevant exposure scenarios in *** present the initial results of the integration of these models into one platform to assess source to receptor impacts for two test chemicals that are widely used in home
The soil environment management systems of Europe and China were introduced and the respective features of both systems were summarized in this paper. The main requirements for Chinese soil environment management were...
The soil environment management systems of Europe and China were introduced and the respective features of both systems were summarized in this paper. The main requirements for Chinese soil environment management were analyzed such as the lack of monitoring system and background information,less risk assessment and management,unitive soil quality standard unsuitable to various soil situations of China,and the lack of remediation standards,technology and its assessment,etc. Based on the study on the development history,decision making process,stakeholders involved,indicator concerned,assessment method and the implement mechanism of both systems,the comparison between the policies,laws and standards on soil environment management of Europe and China was carried out and some conclusions were drawn. The development tendency of Chinese soil environment management system in future was analyzed based on the situation of the soil pollution and the key fields of soil environment protection in the 12 five-year plan.A few suggestions were proposed to improve Chinese soil management system especially on soil environment protection standards.
Dechlorane Plus(DP) is a chlorinated flame retardants that is globally *** is potentially a persistent organic pollutant(POPs) and an environmental *** toxicity data is still limited and cannot provide a comprehensive...
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Dechlorane Plus(DP) is a chlorinated flame retardants that is globally *** is potentially a persistent organic pollutant(POPs) and an environmental *** toxicity data is still limited and cannot provide a comprehensive environmental ecological risk assessment for DP. In this study luminous bacteria,vicia faba root tips and Tetrahymena thermophila was chosen as testing organisms to investigate the acute toxicity and mutagenicity of *** the concentration of cosolvent(DMSO) was less than 0.5%,there was no significant difference between treatment groups and control group for both *** concentration gradient of DP used in this study was chosen based on its environmental levels(experiments of luminous bacteria: 0.591,2.95,14.8,73.8,369μg/L;micronucleus tests:2.4,12,60,300,1500μg/L;comet assay: 2.4,12,60,300,1 500μg/L).For luminous bacteria,the relative luminosities and the relative inhibitory rates were around 100%in treated groups,which suggested that there is no acute toxicity to luminous bacteria under the studied DP *** micronucleus test showed no significant difference between treatment and control groups,indicating no genotoxicity of DP. However the comet assay conducted with *** was relatively sensitive as there was a significant increase in DNA damage when the concentrations of DP increased from 300 to 1500μg/L,while the lower concentrations failed to show any treatment-related ***, DP may pose a potential risk at concentration 300μg/*** results provide scientific information on the ecological risk assessment of DP.
Hydrophobic organic compounds(HOCs) will bind with suspended sediments (SPS) in aquatic *** HOCs associated with SPS might be bioavailable and toxic to organisms,further exert influences on water ***,the water quality...
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Hydrophobic organic compounds(HOCs) will bind with suspended sediments (SPS) in aquatic *** HOCs associated with SPS might be bioavailable and toxic to organisms,further exert influences on water ***,the water quality criteria (WQC) should consider the bioavailability of HOCs attached with ***,few researches have studied the influence of SPS on bioavailability and toxic effects of *** the present research,the influences of SPS on bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(phenanthrene) to Daphnia magna were studied with a dialysis bag simulation system,which equalized the freely dissolved concentrations of phenanthrene outside and inside dialysis *** results showed that the lethality rates of Daphnia magna had a significant positive correlation with the freely dissolved concentration of phenanthrene(r=0.999,p<0.05), and the total superoxide dismutase activity(T-SOD activity) in Daphnia magna rose first then fell with the increase of the freely dissolved concentration of *** presence of SPS(1-5 g/L) increased the lethality rates of *** by 1.7-7.0 times when the freely dissolved concentration of phenanthrene kept constant,and the toxicity of phenanthrene increased with SPS ***,the presence of SPS reduced the total superoxide dismutase activity(T-SOD activity).And there was no significant correlation between the freely dissolved concentration of phenanthrene and T-SOD when with the presence of SPS, suggesting that SPS plays an important role in the toxic effect of phenanthrene to ***. Viewed as a whole,the SPS in phenanthrene contaminated water could clearly increase the lethality rates and decrease the SOD activity of ***,which means a raise in ecological *** only considering the total concentrations of HOCs may underestimate their *** study demonstrates that SPS plays an important role in the bioavailability of organic pollutants;it could not be ig
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs),halogenated flame retardants and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs) are chemicals of emerging *** to their widespread use and continuous discharge,these chemicals have b...
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Pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs),halogenated flame retardants and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs) are chemicals of emerging *** to their widespread use and continuous discharge,these chemicals have been detected in municipal wastewaters,surface and ground waters,drinking waters as well as sediments and aquatic biota all around the *** compounds are receiving wide attention due to their potential adverse effects on animals and humans at relatively low levels of *** these chemicals have been investigated and detected in different environmental compartments in recent years,their environmental releases,fates and risks have not been adequately studied by the authorities in ***,one of the most populous countries,has been developing rapidly on the industries of textiles,electronics,household goods and pharmaceuticals,and has become the largest manufacturer of these emerging chemicals in the world. However,there were insufficient clear management measures/guidelines of these chemicals existed in their rate of production and disposal,leading to their direct/indirect discharge into the environment. Comprehensive risk assessment for each of these chemicals of emerging concern is therefore necessary for the proper management of these contaminants in *** this purpose,environmental monitoring should be undertaken especially in areas where these toxic chemicals frequently occur and/or are released into the *** paper provides an overview on the current status of some important chemicals of emerging concern in China.
There are several early steps in contaminated site assessments that are crucial for achieving a technically sound outcome.A technically sound assessment outcome is one that is based on a thorough investigation of the ...
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There are several early steps in contaminated site assessments that are crucial for achieving a technically sound outcome.A technically sound assessment outcome is one that is based on a thorough investigation of the nature and extent of the contamination,an understanding of the significance of the contamination,and how that contamination may or may not present a potential risk to humans and the *** first of these early steps is to establish a diverse,technically competent team to develop plans for reviewing existing site information,or for collecting additional chemical,physical and biological data relevant to understanding site *** as important is to determine and agree upon the appropriate screening criteria that will be used to judge the significance of the *** not only helps to determine which of the contaminants found in soils, groundwater,sediments or biota could potentially represent an unacceptable risk to humans and the environment,but also which of the contaminants may ultimately drive the need for a risk management action such as pumping and treating contaminated groundwater,or for removing or capping contaminated *** problem formulation step is one well known to risk assessment professionals as it is when discussion and plans are made to insure that exposure and hazard(toxicity) data relevant for the risk assessment process are collected during the overall site *** important and continuing step is the development of the conceptual site *** conceptual site model is an
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