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检索条件"任意字段=第一届中国国际化工过程安全研讨会暨第一届CCPS亚太过程安全会议"

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Dust Explosion Research Development for Coal Mining Safety Issues

Dust Explosion Research Development for Coal Mining Safety I...

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第一届中国国际化工过程安全研讨会暨第一届ccps亚太过程安全会议

作者： Jiaojun Jiang Xiaodan Gao M.Sam Mannan Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center Artie Mc Ferrin Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station

ISBN: (纸本)9781510817159

China, U.S. and India are the three largest coal producers and consumers in the world. Statistics in recent years show that the number of incidents, death tolls and fatality rates per million tons are still high, especially in China and India. These incidents have attracted the attention of the public and the media for only a short period after the occurrence of the incident. Unfortunately, this type of attention does not help to prevent the next tragedy. The much more important thing is to learn the lessons from these tragedies by doing a complete study of the underlying hazards in the coal mining process. Coal mining incidents are generally caused by explosion, fire, haulage, ground fall/bump, and inundation. With regard to explosion, a lot of attention has been paid only to pure dust or pure gas explosions during the past few decades. However, several disasters with massive loss of lives and properties were caused by the hybrid mixture explosions with methane and coal dust together. Research on hybrid mixture explosions rather than pure gas or dust explosions can rarely be found.

关键词： Coal Mining Explosion Dust Explosion Hybrid Mixture Explosion

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Reliability Analysis of Truck Loading System in LNG Terminal Based on GO Methodology

Reliability Analysis of Truck Loading System in LNG Terminal...

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第一届中国国际化工过程安全研讨会暨第一届ccps亚太过程安全会议

作者： Xi Chen Changhang Xu Yuan Zhu Guoming Chen Guoliang Cao Xiaoping Sun College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering China University of Petroleum

Liquefied natural gas(LNG) has the characteristics of low temperature, volatile, flammability and it is easy to explode. LNG terminal is the hub of LNG transportation and its security issues have become increasingly prominent. Truck loading system is the main process system and its security issues are top priority in LNG process system. GO methodology is a success-oriented method for system reliability analysis, which are commonly used in multi-state and timing sequence system analysis especially in actual logistics and production process. In this paper, GO methodology was used in the truck loading system of LNG terminal. The GO chart was established and both qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out. The reliability of the system is 0.960393 and the mean time between failures is 209 days which are totally consistent with the real situation This paper verified the feasibility of GO methodology applied to the reliability analysis of LNG terminal process system. The results of the reliability analyses are important for the formulation of safety regulations of the terminals.

关键词： goal oriented(GO) methodology liquefied natural gas(LNG) terminal reliability Truck loading system

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Optimization analysis of Fire consequence of BOG compressor room based on FDS

Optimization analysis of Fire consequence of BOG compressor ...

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第一届中国国际化工过程安全研讨会暨第一届ccps亚太过程安全会议

作者： Xiaoping Sun Yuan Zhu Guoming Chen Changhang Xu Xi Chen College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering China University of Petroleum

To study the fire accidents happening in BOG compressor room as result of compressor discharge, a fire dynamic model of LNG tank farm is developed by FDS software. Water sprinklers are added to the model in order to analyze the effect of water spray system. Two criteria including temperature and radiation intensity are used to assess the fire suppression of water sprinklers on objects such as equipment both beside and away from the BOG compressor room, BOG compressors and the whole tank farm. It is showed that water sprinklers can observably reduce the height of the flame, but increase the amount of smoke. The effects of water spray system for the farther equipment is more effective than the nearer. The water spray system can reduce the range of the radiation and decrease the hazardous areas from north-south 180 m and east-west 270 m to north-south 140 m and east-west 160 m. Thus, water spray system can play a significant role in fire rescue and the protection of equipment and personnel.

关键词： fire accidents BOG compressor room LNG tank farm FDS software fire dynamic model

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Investigation on Mechanical Properties and Strength Evaluation for Large-scale Crude Oil Tank after Fire Exposure

Investigation on Mechanical Properties and Strength Evaluati...

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第一届中国国际化工过程安全研讨会暨第一届ccps亚太过程安全会议

作者： Wen-he Wang Zhi-sheng Xu Jun Yi Dong Liang College of safety engineering Chongqing University of Science & Technology Chongqing University of science and technology College of Civil Engineering Central South University Central South University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire Science and Technology Sun Yat-Sen University

In recent years, the demand of the crude oil is increasing in the world, and the oil storage tanks are also developing larger and larger. Higher requirements of safety for storage tank, especially safety evaluation of the oil tanks in fire environment, was proposed because the oil tank volume is large, as well the oil is volatile, flowing, inflammable and explosive easily. In the paper, the fire process was simulated by the heat treatment for the key position, and the relationship between mechanical property and heating temperature of large tank after fire was obtained. The strength evaluation for large-scale crude oil storage tank after fire exposure was implemented and the result showed that the strength for large crude oil tank was satisfied with requirement.

关键词： Large-scale storage tank Crude oil Fire exposure Strength evaluation

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The Experimental Study on Explosion-proof Property of HAN Explosion Suppression Material to Premixed Methane-air Flame Propagating

The Experimental Study on Explosion-proof Property of HAN Ex...

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第一届中国国际化工过程安全研讨会暨第一届ccps亚太过程安全会议

作者： Yi Liu Tongshan Yin National Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of China Chemical engineering collage China University of PetroleumShandong QingdaoChina Mechanical and electrical engineering college China University of PetroleumShandong QingdaoChina

ISBN: (纸本)9781510817159

Inflammable and explosive dangerous chemical accidents occurred frequently in recent years, and new HAN explosion suppression materials have been developed with their good suppression to fire and explosion. The investigation into premixed flame propagation and pressure wave in pipes installed porous materials of aluminum is great important for explosion suppression in pipe and design of flame arresters. The experimental apparatus for suppressing the combustion and explosion of flammable gases were set up in the paper. The premixed methane-air flame propagating and suppression with different volume of methane were studied experimentally. The explosion suppression performance of porous materials of aluminum on the premixed flame propagation was analyzed, which includes the effects of the packed density, blank rate and installing position of HAN material on flame propagation speed and explosion overpressure. Based on the influence of each parameter on explosion suppression performance, the best filling of HAN explosion suppression material was presented. The results show that the best packed density is 15.4 g/L, the smaller blank rate is better, and the installing position shall be close to the ignition.

关键词： HAN explosion suppression material premixed flame explosion suppression the speed of flame propagation explosion overpressure

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A Performance Evaluation System of Safety Culture Construction in Petroleum Enterprise Based on the Balanced Scorecard

A Performance Evaluation System of Safety Culture Constructi...

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第一届中国国际化工过程安全研讨会暨第一届ccps亚太过程安全会议

作者： Daizhi Tang China University of Petroleum(East China)

ISBN: (纸本)9781510817159

Facing the severe security situation in the oil industry, it has been becoming scholars' research priority about how to strengthen the safety culture construction of petroleum enterprise, particularly how to conduct effective performance management of safety culture construction. As a performance proposal method which can give a comprehensive examination of various factors affecting the performance, the balanced scorecard became an effective tool of the performance management of safety culture construction in petroleum enterprises. The main contents of the thesis include(1) Summarizing the current situation of performance management of safety culture construction in petroleum enterprises.(2) Introducing the basic theory of the balanced scorecard and analyzing its applicability in performance evaluation of safety culture construction of petroleum enterprises.(3) According to the characteristics and requirements of the performance management of safety culture construction in petroleum enterprises, modulating the four dimensions of the balanced scorecard into the security dimension, the social satisfaction dimension, the internal management dimension, and the learning and growth dimension. The paper also sets the corresponding indicators for each dimension. The security dimension indicators include production accident rate, personnel casualty rate, and violating operation rate. The social satisfaction dimension indicators include government satisfaction, investment party satisfaction, and employees' families' satisfaction. The internal management indicators include security concept identity rate, security activities participation rate, and security system implementation force. The learning and growth dimension degrees indicators include training expenditures, training time, and supportive learning environment.(4) Introducing the calculation and application method of performance results of petroleum enterprises safety culture construction. Based on the practice of perfo

关键词： Petroleum Enterprise Performance Proposal Safety Culture Balanced Scorecard

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Dynamic Risk Assessment of Well Control System

Dynamic Risk Assessment of Well Control System

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第一届中国国际化工过程安全研讨会暨第一届ccps亚太过程安全会议

作者： Faisal Khan Vikram Garaniya Offshore Safety and Risk Management Group Australian Maritime College University of Tasmania

ISBN: (纸本)9781510817159

The recent offshore drilling accident such as Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explosion in April 2010;Vermillion 380 oil rig explosion in September 2010, and Chevron Nigeria limited oil rig explosion in January 2012 have raised serious concerns about the safety of drilling operations. The major reasons for such accidents are the lack of understanding of how such events unfold or how the early warning signs of a potential major accident could be integrated into a risk assessment and management framework. A well blowout is among the most undesired and feared accidents during drilling operations. The dynamic nature of a blowout accident is a result of rapidly changing physical parameters and time-dependent failures of safety barriers. To better predict and prevent such accident, one needs real time risk assessment of a well control system. This paper briefly recapitulates the application of dynamic risk assessment to well control systems using early warnings usually known as accident precursors. Drilling operation and well control systems are modeled using Bow-tie(BT) approach. The BT model represents a potential accident scenario and associated consequences. Further, a real time predictive model for the failure probabilities of key elements of well control systems is developed and subsequently used in conducting the risk assessment of drilling operations. The present work provides both a real time assessment of well control systems and a basis to make timely safety critical decisions. The risk assessment methodology is demonstrated for a well blowout accident. This case study highlights the applicability and advantages of the proposed method in drilling operations.

关键词： Process Safety Well Control Dynamic Risk Assessment Accident Precursors

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Lessons Learned for SME's Process Safety Management

Lessons Learned for SME's Process Safety Management

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第一届中国国际化工过程安全研讨会暨第一届ccps亚太过程安全会议

作者： Jinsong Zhao Johanna Suikkanen Responsible Production and APELL Center (UNEP) Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Division of Technology Industry and Economics United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP)

ISBN: (纸本)9781510817159

To learn from accidents, accident reporting and publication are the two major approaches for the whole chemical industry. However, most of these accidents are not well-known and wellpublished in China so that lessons have not well been learned and a number of major accidents and environmental emergencies still occur every year in China. In the Major Accident Information website of State Administration of Work Safety(SAWS), there are only 20 accident investigation reports published from April 2006 to July 2013 with preliminary causal analysis. Moreover, among the 26 accident cases listed on the SAWS's website, about 80% accidents occurred in SMEs. Some common causes of those accidents are analyzed in this paper for helping SMEs to learn lessons. Compliance with this regulatory framework requires substantial resources and may therefore appear too complex to be efficiently implemented by small and medium sized enterprises(SMEs) in the chemical sector. To help solve this problem, UNEP's Awareness and Preparedness for Emergency at Local Level(APELL) program is introduced in this paper and suggested as a coordinated loss prevention approach targeted specifically at SMEs which, regardless of handling hazardous chemicals in their daily operations, may not have the knowledge or capacity to efficiently implement PSM. By introducing PSM to SMEs in a more manageable way, relevant steps can be progressively implemented by companies towards full compliance with the current regulatory framework, contributing to increased safety in chemical industry parks in China.

关键词： SME lesson learning process safety APELL

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Experimental Study of Flame Acceleration in Closed Pipe

Experimental Study of Flame Acceleration in Closed Pipe

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第一届中国国际化工过程安全研讨会暨第一届ccps亚太过程安全会议

作者： R.M.Kasmani M.H.Mat Kiah Sina Sina Davazdah Emami M.H.Hassim Faculty of Petroleum and Renewable Energy Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

An experimental study has been done to investigate the flame acceleration in a closed pipe. A 90-degree bend pipe with L/D of 40 was used in this study. Ignition was affected at one end of the vessel while the other end was closed. Three different fuels–air mixtures(methane, methane/hydrogen and hydrogen) were used in this work. Only lean concentration of hydrogen/air, methane/air and hydrogen/methane/air mixtures were considered in this study i.e. 6% v/v. All mixtures were operated at ambient condition. The results show that bending is the critical part of pipeline and higher concentration of hydrogen can affect on maximum overpressure, flame speed and temperature rise of both pure hydrogen/air and methanehydrogen/air mixtures. It was demonstrated that bending is the critical part of pipeline and even at lean concentration, hydrogen can affect significantly on maximum overpressure, flame speed and rate of pressure rise of both hydrogen/air and methane-hydrogen/air mixtures. This is due to bending acts similar to an obstacle, in which this mechanism can induce more turbulence, initiating combustion in an unburned pocket at the corner region and causing a high mass burning rate, which increases the flame speed. Further, at very lean concentration of hydrogen 0.5), methane/hydrogen/air and hydrogen/air mixtures gave about 9 to 11 times higher in explosion pressure compared to methane/air mixtures. This anticipates that the high reactivity and energy content of hydrogen gave significant effect in increasing the maximum explosion pressure, and this phenomenon is highlighted.

关键词： gas explosion bending equivalence ratio flame acceleration hydrogen/methane

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Feature Extraction of Acoustic Emission for Offshore Platform Structural Health Monitoring

Feature Extraction of Acoustic Emission for Offshore Platfor...

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第一届中国国际化工过程安全研讨会暨第一届ccps亚太过程安全会议

作者： Guo-rui Li Chang-hang Xu Guo-ming Chen Su-ping Ai China University of petroleum (East China)

Offshore platforms are the basis of offshore oil exploration and development. Living in harsh environment, fatigue damage and processing defects will gradually come out, which may lead to the platform collapse. Acoustic emission(AE) technology is potentially a promising method for crack detection in the offshore structures. The AE device could detect defects' changes timely and effectively with exquisite sensitivity and online real-time monitoring features. It has been successfully used in foreign offshore platform monitoring, but seldom in domestic ones. It is well known that AE is proficient in data acquisition and monitoring data changes, while not in signal processing. Signal processing plays an extremely important part in structural monitoring assessment. Without a good signal processing, the monitoring process is a failure to a certain extent. In this paper, we address an application of the Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT) and wave packet transform(WPT) to characterize the AE signals released from the offshore structure model. Without artificially determining the decomposition level, original signals are adaptively decomposed into several Intrinsic Mode Functions(IMFs) by HHT, while the wavelet(packet) transform could not. Filter out non-acoustic emission frequency band components for signal de-noising and reserve the larger IMFs by Fourier transform and cross-correlation analysis between each IMF and original signal. By HHT analysis, 3D joint time-frequency distribution and wavelet packet transform, the differences between structure normal signal and crack AE are clear and which highlight the AE characteristics. It can be concluded that the joint of HHT and wave packet transform is an effective tool to extract the features in offshore structures, which have a certain sense in the application of acoustic emission technique.

关键词： acoustic emission offshore platform feature extraction HHT

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