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检索条件"任意字段=第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议"

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Proteolysis of glutamate receptors by calpains at neuromuscular junctions

Proteolysis of glutamate receptors by calpains at neuromuscu...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Elsayed Metwally Guoli Zhao Yong Q.Zhang Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Science

The efficiency of neurotransmission is determined by the level of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynaptic densities. However, the molecular mechanism by which the level of neurotransmitter receptor expression at synapses is regulated is poorly understood. From a genetic screen, we found that the protein level of glutamate receptor IIA(Glu RIIA) but not GluR IIB was specifically and negatively regulated by cytoplasmic calcium and the calcium dependent protease calpains. Glu RIIA staining intensity was significantly increased when knocking down calpains in muscles. Similarly, Glu RIIA staining intensity was significantly increased when decreasing cytoplasmic calcium concentration while Glu RIIA staining intensity was significantly decreased when increasing cytoplasmic calcium concentration. Given that calpain activity is tightly regulated by calcium, we speculate that GluR IIA protein level is negatively regulated by cytoplasmic calcium and calpains may be the executors in this process. In the future study, we wish to elucidate the mechanisms by which the Glu RIIA protein level is regulated at the postsynaptic site, taking an interdisciplinary approach including in vivo calcium imaging. This study will shed novel light on the regulation of calcium on glutamate receptors and consequently synaptic function.

关键词： calpain calcium glutamate receptor neuromuscular junction

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The role of the circadian clock in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disease Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD)

The role of the circadian clock in the pathogenesis of psych...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Han Wang Center for Circadian Clocks Soochow University

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in children and adults. While ADHD patients often display circadian abnormalities, the mechanisms underlying circadian regulation of the pathogenesis of ADHD are unclear. Here we found zebrafish mutants for circadian gene period1b(per1b) display hyperactive-, impulsive-, attention deficit-like behaviors and low levels of dopamine, reminiscent of human ADHD patients. We found that the circadian clock directly regulates the dopamine catabolism genes dopamine beta hydroxylase(dbh) and monoamine oxidase(mao), and likely acts through genes important for the development or maintenance of dopaminergic neurons to regulate their number and organization in the ventral diencephalic posterior tuberculum(PT). We then found that Per1 knockout mice also display ADHD symptoms and reduced levels of dopamine, thereby implicating circadian roles in ADHD are highly conserved. Our studies demonstrate that disruption of a circadian clock gene elicits ADHD-like syndrome. The circadian model for ADHD sheds light on ADHD pathogenesis and opens avenues for exploring novel targets for diagnosis and therapy for this common psychiatric disorder.

关键词： Circadian rhythms,Dopamine,Hyperactivity,Period,Zebrafish

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Chronic morphine treatment selectively increases the effect of presynaptic D1 receptors on the excitatory terminals of neurons in BLA projecting to m PFC and CeA

Chronic morphine treatment selectively increases the effect ...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Jiaojiao Song Ming Chen Bin Lai Ping Zheng State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain ScienceFudan University

The study of the chronic morphine treatment-induced changes in neurocircuitry is of importance for understanding the mechanism of morphine addiction. However, little is known about adaptive changes in this neurocircuitry upon chronic morphine treatment. In this paper, we used retrograde microspheres approach for electrophysiology to investigate the influence of chronic morphine treatment on effect of presynaptic D1 receptors on the excitatory terminals of neurons in basolateral amygdala(BLA) that project to medial prefrontal cortex(m PFC), nucleus accumbens(NAc), central amygdale(Ce A) and hippocampus(Hipp). Whole-cell recordings were made from labeled BLA glutamatergic neurons within different areas. We found that D1 receptor agonist upon chronic morphine treatment exhibited a increase of m EPSC frequency on identified BLA neurons that project to m PFC and CeA, but had no influence on that to NAc and Hipp. The results suggest that chronic morphine treatment may selectively increase the effect of presynaptic D1 receptors on the excitatory terminals of neurons in BLA that project to mPFC and CeA.

关键词： Chronic morphine presynaptic D1 receptors BLA mPFC CeA

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Role of sodium resurgent current in inflammatory pain

Role of sodium resurgent current in inflammatory pain

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Zhiyong Tan Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of Medicine

Sodium resurgent currents(resurgent currents) are non-conventional sodium currents that are activated during repolarization phase of action potentials. Activation of resurgent currents provides a depolarizing drive for generation of subsequent action potentials and therefore contributes to repetitive firing and/or spontaneous activity of neurons and other excitable cells. It has been shown that a TTX-sensitive(TTX-S) resurgent current is expressed in dorsal root ganglion(DRG) and central nervous system and that a paroxysmal extreme pain disorder(PEPD) mutation in the human peripheral sodium channel generates enhanced resurgent currents. In this talk, the speaker will introduce several pioneer findings on the role of resurgent currents in pain: 1) TTX-resistant(TTX-R) sodium channels in DRG neurons generate a TTX-R resurgent currents;2) Effects and mechanisms of inflammaotry mediators increasing resurgent currents in DRG neurons;and 3) role of DRG resurgent currents in a inflammatory pain model. Those findings suggest that sodium resurgent currents in DRG neurons might play an important role in chronic pain conditions and targeting DRG resurgent currents might be a promising approach to treat chronic pain.

关键词： sodium channel,resurgent currents DRG inflammatory mediator,pain

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The Association between a Polygenic Schizophrenia Score and Dorsolateral Prefrontal-Hippocampal Functional Connectivity as well as Working Memory in Young Healthy Individuals

The Association between a Polygenic Schizophrenia Score and ...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Xiaolong Zhang Yan Tao Jin Li Tianzi Jiang Bing Liu Brainnetome Center Chinese Academy of Sciences National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of Sciences Queensland Brain Institute The University of Queensland Key Laboratory for NeuroI nformation of Ministry of Education School of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Schizophrenia is a highly heritable and polygenic psychiatry with complex genetic substrate and symptoms varying within and across individuals. Based on a recent genome-wide association study of schizophrenia, we combined the implementation of a polygenic risk score(PGRS) and an endophenotype approach to investigate the effects of these newly identified gene risk variants in a large group of young healthy individuals(N = 330). We examined the associations between the PGRS and resting-state functional connectivity of hippocampal formation(HF) and the whole brain as well as working memory(WM) performance. The PGRS was negatively correlated with WM performance and also associated with the bilateral HF-right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex connectivity. Our findings confirmed the polygenic nature of schizophrenia and the association between these newly identified variants and the cognitive and neuroimaging markers of schizophrenia.

关键词： The Association between a Polygenic Schizophrenia Score and Dorsolateral Prefrontal-Hippocampal Functional Connectivity as well as Working Memory in Young Healthy Individuals

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Beneficial effects of early hemostasis by using Etamsylate on spinal cord injury in rats

Beneficial effects of early hemostasis by using Etamsylate o...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Hong Fan Kun Chen Gong Ju Institute of Neurosciences Fourth Military Medical University

Hemorrhage after spinal cord injury(SCI) is an important pathological event which triggers and expands the secondary injury, so strategies aiming to stop bleeding at early time after SCI are needed. The present study investigated the effects of early use of Etamsylate, a widely used drug for several clinical hemorrhagic conditions, on both spinal cord contusion and hemisection in rats. Three dosage of Etamsylate(0.025 g/kg, 0.05 g/kg, 0.1 g/kg) or glucose were administered via tail vein injections immediately, 5 hours, and 10 hours after spinal cord contusion, and we found that 0.1g/kg of Etamsylate efficiently reduced lesion cavity and tissue necrosis, enhanced neuronal survival, alleviated astrocyte and microglia activation, and improved locomotor recovery. Moreover, in spinal cord hemisection, Etamsylate-treated rats showed decreased bleeding volume, hemorrhage area and lesion area in comparison with glucose-treated controls. Given that the widely and safely application of Etamsylate in clinic and its beneficial effects on SCI in rats, early hemostasis by using Etamsylate is a prospective strategy for SCI in human.

关键词： spinal cord injury hemorrhage hemostasis Etamsylate

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GLP-1 Controls Food Intake via Regulating Synaptic Transmission

GLP-1 Controls Food Intake via Regulating Synaptic Transmiss...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Xue-Feng Wang Jing-Jing Liu Ji Liu Zhiping P.Pang Child Health Institute of New Jersey Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School

Glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) and its analogs act as appetite suppressants and have proven to be clinically efficacious in reducing body weight in obese individuals. Central GLP-1 is expressed in a small population of brainstem cells located in the nucleus tractus solitarius(NTS), which project to a wide range of brain areas. However, it remains unclear how endogenous GLP-1 released in the brain contributes to appetite regulation. By using chemogenetic tools, we discovered that central GLP-1 acts on the midbrain ventral tegmental area(VTA) and suppresses high-fat food intake. We used integrated pathway tracing and synaptic physiology to further demonstrate that activation of GLP-1 receptors specifically reduces the excitatory synaptic strength of dopamine(DA) neurons within the VTA that project to the nucleus accumbens(NAc) medial shell. These data suggest that GLP-1 released from NTS neurons can reduce highly palatable food intake by suppressing mesolimbic DA signaling.

关键词： GLP-1 Controls Food Intake via Regulating Synaptic Transmission

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Embryonic and Adult Microglia Are Regulated by Distinct Genetic Program in Zebrafish

Embryonic and Adult Microglia Are Regulated by Distinct Gene...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Tao Yu Jin Xu Zilong Wen State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience Division of Life ScienceHong Kong University of Science and Technology

Microglia, the central nervous system(CNS) macrophages, are pivotal players in the regulation of neural development and neuronal activities. Recent study from our lab has revealed that in zebrafish, the embryonic microglia originate from the rostral blood island(RBI), a tissue generating primitive wave of hematopoiesis, whereas the adult microglia are derived from the ventral wall of dorsal aorta(VDA), a hematopoietic organ where definitive hematopoiesis emerges. Yet, the molecular basis governing the development of the two microglia populations remains largely obscure. Here, we analyses the roles of Ets transcription factors, Pu.1 and Spi1-b, in zebrafish microglia development. We show that Pu.1 acts upstream of Spi-b during primitive myelopoiesis and is absolutely required for the development of embryonic microglia. In contrast, Pu.1 and Spi-b act parallel during the definitive myelopoiesis and they appear to have a complimentary role in adult microglia development. Our results demonstrate that the embryonic and adult microglia are developmentally regulated by distinct genetic programs, providing the molecular basis underlying the distinct characteristic of different microglia populations.

关键词： Embryonic and Adult Microglia Are Regulated by Distinct Genetic Program in Zebrafish

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Application of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Treatment of Parkinson's Disease

Application of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Da Li Xuchu Weng Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders Hangzhou Normal University

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rT MS) is a relatively new non-invasive method for brain research and treatments of brain diseases. This presentation focuses on the application of this method for treatment of Parkinson's disease(PD). We will introduce the possible mechanisms of r TMS underlying clinical treatments, and discuss the relationship between therapeutic effects and treatment protocols, particularly the selection of stimulation sites and frequency. A number of studies show that stimulation with high frequency(≧ 10 Hz, i TBS) to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC) and the prefrontal cortex(PFC) is effective in alleviation of emotional symptoms but not of motor-related symptoms. In contrast, low frequency stimulation to the supplementary motor area(SMA)(1Hz) and the primary motor cortex(M1)(≦ 5 Hz) can alleviate motor-related symptoms, including drug-induced dyskinesias, while stimulation with high frequency(≧ 10 Hz) often fails to improve motor functions. We will also discuss the significance of accuracy localization of stimulation sites for treatment of PD. Finally, we will report some preliminary results using a protocol recently developed by our group.

关键词： rTMS,Parkinson's Disease,DLPFC,SMA,M1

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Inhibitory effects of curcumin on hyperalgesia of sleep deprivation rats

Inhibitory effects of curcumin on hyperalgesia of sleep depr...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Ting-Ting ZHOU Hao-QIAN Min YIN Tong-De WU Meng-Ya WANG Cell Electrophysiology Laboratory Wannan Medical College Rising-Star Group Wannan Medical College

Objective To explore the possible effects of curcumin on hyperalgesia of sleep deprivation rats and further to understand the possible mechanisms of pain sensitization. Methods Sixteen male SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups, model group(sleep deprivation) and model+curcumin group. Curcumin(100 mg/kg, i.p., q.d.) was preventively administered for 7 days, and sleep deprivation was achieved by using a narrow platform surrounded with water on the 5th to 7th day. Von Frey Hairs test to measure mechanical pain threshold(MWT) of right foot was conducted on the day before sleep deprivation, every day during 3 days of sleep deprivation, and also on the 3rd day after end of sleep deprivation. Results Compared with the model group, the mechanical pain threshold of right foot was significantly elevated in rats treated with curcumin(P<0.05). Conclusion The preliminary results suggest that curcumin may have inhibitory effects on pain sensitization in rats with sleep deprivation.

关键词： curcumin sleep deprivation mechanical pain threshold

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