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检索条件"任意字段=第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议"

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HSP60 involved in neuroprotective effects of curcumin by suppressing microglia activation

HSP60 involved in neuroprotective effects of curcumin by sup...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Fei-jia Ding Fan Li Rui Zhang Yin Wang Department of Neurobiology Ningxia Medical University Key laboratory of brain Ningxia Medical University

Reactive microglia is present in lesions of myelin-related white matter disorders resulting in injuries to oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPC). Therefore, protection of OPC from injury of excessive activation of microglia is very important in treating these diseases. Heat shock protein 60(HSP60) has been proven to be released extracellular in the failing heart upon stress or injury. However, the role of HSP60 in the CNS and whether it participates in the toxic effects of microglia on OPC is still unknown. In the present study, we showed HSP60 could be released extracellular by LPS activated microglia and HSP60 could bind to OPC triggering OPC apoptosis. When pretreated with TLR4 antibody, the viability of OPC increased and the expression of NFκB and caspase3 and the release of proinflammatory cytokines caused by HSP60 decreased significantly. These results suggest that HSP60 may mediate the OPC apoptosis through binding to TLR4 on the surface of OPC so to activate TLR4-NFκB signaling pathway. HSP60 may be a potential target for treatment of myelin-related neurodegenerative diseases that are accompanied by microglia activation.

关键词： heat shock protein 60 OPC microglia TLR4

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Resting-state functional network in left-handers with (a)typical language dominance

Resting-state functional network in left-handers with (a)typ...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Shuai Wang Qing Cai Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience East China Normal University

A striking finding in the human brain is the hemispheric asymmetry of many cognitive functions. One of them is language lateralization which is a common observation in the majority of people(typical left-lateralization or atypical right-lateralization). Does the language asymmetry correlate with other lateralized cognitive functions or even the functional organization of the whole brain In the current study we aimed to investigate the difference in the organization of functional networks between healthy left-handed individuals with left-hemispheric language dominance(LLD) and those with atypical right-hemispheric language dominance(RLD) using resting-state f MRI. A set of 402 symmetrical ROIs was used to construct functional networks, and several underlying topological properties were quantified. Our results showed that(1) RLD group-average network has more modules in a specific range of parameters(densities which are selected by small-world analysis, and γ which reflects modular resolution);(2) If we simulate the local lesions by eliminating ROIs in IFG or parietal area, the difference mentioned before will vanish. Our findings suggest that participants with RLD may have a more stable or adaptive brain which is likely to be the outcome of a common lateralization of handedness(left-handed) and language. Furthermore, as the simulated lesion results demonstrate, the language-related regions(IFGs) and frontoparietal brain network(FPN) have an important contribution to the functional organization of the human brain.

关键词： language dominance,resting-state f MRI,functional network,modularity

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Intrinsic photosensitive retinal ganglion cells mediate light induced cross modal plasticity

Intrinsic photosensitive retinal ganglion cells mediate ligh...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Jin BAO Jiaxi HU Xiangyu ZHOU Yiming SHI Tian XUE School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China

Objective: Sensory input drives cortical circuit formation during development. Dark reared mice showed a significant decrease of miniature excitatory postsynapticcurrent(mE PSC) frequency in visual cortex. Deprivation of visual input from birth also affects auditory and somatosensory cortex. It has been shown that this phenomenon is mediated by oxytocin released from paraventricular nucleus(PVN) in hypothalamus. We searched for the neuronal circuit that transmits light information from retina to PVN and mediates cross modal plasticity during the early development. Methods: m EPSCs were recorded from acute brain slices. OPN4 KO(melanopsin null) and ip RGC ablation mice were compared with their littermates respectively. Cholera Toxin Subunit B(CTB) and transsynaptic virus was used for labeling the circuit from retina to PVN. Results:(1)m EPSC frequencies of Pyramidal cells of layer 2/3 from visual, auditory and somatosensory cortex are significantly smaller in OPN4 KO and ip RGC ablation mice.(2) ip RGCs do not project directly to PVN. Conclusion: This cross modal plasticity is mediated through the retinal-hypothalamic circuit that projects light information through ip RGC to paraventricular nucleus(PVN).

关键词： ipRGC cross modal plasticity PVN

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Maternal separation impairs prefrontal cortical myelination and cognitive functions in rats

Maternal separation impairs prefrontal cortical myelination ...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Youjun Yang Zongyue Chen Baoming Li The Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders Institute of Life ScienceNanchang University

The "left behind children" phenomenon is a serious social issue in China, depriving the relationship between parents and children will induce permanent phenotypic changes, and impair the cognitive functions associated with prefrontal cortex(PFC). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this work, we use rat maternal separation(MS) model to illuminate whether and how MS in early life affects cognitive functions, and whatthe underlying cellular and molecular mechanism is. We show that rat pups separated from their dam three hours daily during the first three postnatal weeks alters medial prefrontal cortex(m PFC) myelination and impairs m PFC-dependent behaviors. Myelination appears necessary for the m PFC-dependent functions, as epigenetic blockade of oligodendrocytes(OLs) differentiation or lysolecithin(LPC)-induced demyelination in m PFC, impairs the m PFC functions. We further demonstrate that histone deacetylases 1/2(HDAC1/2) were drastically reduced in MS rats,inhibition of HDAC1/2 promotes Wnt activation, which negatively regulates?OLs development. These findings illustrate that MS impairs cognitive functions, at?least in part, through modulation of oligodendrogenesis and myelination.

关键词： Maternal separation Myelination Oligodendrocyte histone deacetylases 1/2 Prefrontal cortex Cognitive functions

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Pain and gain of Nav1.7 sodium channel

Pain and gain of Nav1.7 sodium channel

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Yang Yang Yale University School of Medicine

Nav1.7 is a critical player in pain sensation. Mutations of Nav1.7 have been found in a variety of chronic pain syndromes(e.g., inherited erythromelalgia/IEM also known as "man of fire" syndrome) and peripheral neuropathy. Most IEM patients with Nav1.7 mutations turn out to be resistant to common analgesics, often after tedious and frustrating trial-and-error tests. Combining structural modeling and mutant cycle analysis with electrophysiology, we studied the drug-responsiveness of dorsal root ganglion(DRG)neurons expressing several Nav1.7 mutations, identified in IEM patients, towards carbamazepine(CBZ). We found that DRG neurons expressing human mutant Nav1.7-S241T(but not F1449V) channel were sensitive to clinically relevant concentration of CBZ, suggesting a possible personalized pain treatment that will be tested in a targeted therapy clinical trial. Recently, we have developed a multi-electrode array(MEA) recording system to study novel Nav1.7 mutations of a variety of pain syndromes in a high throughput manner. In this talk I will discuss the most current knowledge we gained in studying pain-causing Nav1.7 mutations.

关键词： voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7 chronic pain structural modeling inherited erythromelalgia

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Mechanism of deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease therapy

Mechanism of deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease t...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Di Lu Mengjun Sheng Yunqing Wen Zhiming Shen Muming Poo Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience Shanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Parkinson's disease(PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a movement disorder, including tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability, resulting from the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. The deep brain stimulation(DBS), dating back to 1960's, has largely replaced the ablation methods in neurosurgery therapies of PD since 1980's. Despite the success DBS in the clinical treatment, the biological mechanisms underlying DBS remains controversial. By establishing non-human primate models of Parkinson's disease, we aim to uncover the truth using in vivo calcium imaging together with microendoscopy and electrophysiology recordings. Based on the transition from ‘following the lesion' to ‘following the science', we expect to find the best stimulation paradigm, or even some novel therapeutic targets for PD. Our specific aims is to(1) master the technology of establishing PD monkey models,(2) capture some deep brain calcium signals using microendoscope together with two-photon microscopy,(3)develop effective stereotaxic schemes aiming at precise localization of electrodes,(4) understand the physiological mechanisms underlying deep brain stimulation, and(5) identify the effectiveness of different stimulation patterns and different stimulation locations in the treatment of PD.

关键词： Parkinson's disease deep brain stimulation calcium imaging mechanism

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The activity of HPA axis mediates susceptibility to fear conditioning

The activity of HPA axis mediates susceptibility to fear con...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Qiu-Qin Han Liu Yang Hui-Jie Huang Ya-Lin Wang Rui Yu Jing Wang Gen-Cheng Wu Jin Yu Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology State Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyInstitutes of Brain ScienceShanghai Medical CollegeFudan University

While social stress exposure is a common risk factor for affective disorders, most individuals exposed to adversity maintain normal physical and psychological functioning. However, factors that determine susceptibility versus resilience to social stress remain unclear. Here, the resident-intruder model of social defeat was used as a social stressor in male C57BL/6J mice. Because depression is often characterized by excessive activity of the hypothalamic- pituitary- adrenal(HPA) axis that regulates stress responses, we conducted the present study to further investigate the difference of behavioral abnormalities and HPA axis functions between susceptibility and resilience. Our results showed that after social defeat, perhaps just because of the sufficient negative feedback of HPA axis, the activity of HPA axis of resilient mice could be normal accompanied by active social interaction. In contrast, susceptible mice exhibited social avoidance. Meantime, HPA axis of the susceptible mice was hyper-activated and the negative feedback was not activatedsufficiently. This observation would lead to intensive clinical and preclinical research aiming to better understand the molecular mechanisms which underlie the alteration of the HPA axis responsiveness in affective disorders.

关键词： Social defeat HPA axis susceptible resilient negative feedback

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Expression of poly-glutamine disease-associated proteins in glia impaired blood-brain-barrier function in Drosophila

Expression of poly-glutamine disease-associated proteins in ...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Po-An Yeh Y.Henry Sun Institute of Molecular Biology Academia Sinica

Many human neurodegeneration diseases are characterized by expanded polyglutamine(polyQ) stretch in specific proteins. These polyQ diseases are all dominantly inherited, and cause adult onset neuronal loss. Most studies have focused on the pathogenic events in neurons and neglected what happens in glia. We used Drosophila to study the effect of polyQ proteins in glia. We found that specific expression of disease-causing polyQ proteins(HTT-128 Q and SCA3-84Q) in glia, but not in neurons, caused a reversal of electroretinogram(ERG) polarity. This phenotype is similar to the reverse polarity(repo) mutant phenotype. Expression of the WT HTT-16 Q and SCA3-27 Q did not affect the ERG. This reversed ERG is correlated to a leakage in the blood-brain-barrier(BBB), which is formed by glia. Specific expression of polyQ proteins in BBB glia caused BBB leakage and reversed ERG. Knocking down septate junction components in BBB glia also caused a reversed ERG. These results suggest that the expression of polyQ proteins in BBB glia caused its dysfunction and impaired the BBB integrity. Our results reveal that polyQ proteins caused specific dysfunction in glia that is distinct from their effects in neurons.

关键词： Drosophila glia polyQ BBB

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Interference between conscious and unconscious facial expression information

Interference between conscious and unconscious facial expres...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Xing Ye Sheng He Ying Hu Yong Qiang Yu Kai Wang Department of Neurology the First Affiliated Hospital of An Hui Medical University Department of Psychology University of Minnesota State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of Science Department of Radiology the First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University

There is ample evidence to show that many types of visual information, including emotional information, could be processed in the absence of visual awareness. For example, it has been shown that subliminal facial expressions can induce priming and adaptation effects. However, it remains unknown whether invisible visual information can be integrated with and influence the processing of a simultaneously presented visible stimulus. In this study, we adopted a flanker type behavioral method to investigate whether a simultaneously presented but invisible flanker could induce a congruency effect on the discrimination of a visible target. Specifically, during the experiment, participants judged the expression(either happy or fearful) of a visible face in the presence of a nearby simultaneously presented invisible face(with happy or fearful expression). The flanker face was rendered invisible through Continuous Flash Suppression(CFS). Results show that participants were slower and less accurate in discriminating the expression of the visible face when the expression of the invisible flanker face was incongruent. Thus, unconsciously processed visual information at a different spatial location could directly enhance or interfere with consciously processed information in real time.

关键词： consciousness facial expression Continuous flash suppression information integration

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Involvement of paragigantocellularis neurons in opiate withdrawal-induced hyperactivity of rat locus coeruleus neurons:an electrophysiological study

Involvement of paragigantocellularis neurons in opiate withd...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Ayat Kaeidi Hossein Azizi S.Mohammd Ahmadi Soleimani Mohammad Javan Yaghoub Fathollahi Saeed Semnanian Department of Physiology School of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares University

Introduction: Studies have shown that following opiate withdrawal, the spontaneous discharge rate of locus coeruleus(LC) neurons remarkably increases. Combination of intrinsic mechanisms with extrinsic excitatory modulations mediates the withdrawal-induced hyperactivity of LC neurons. The nucleus paragigantocellularis(PGi) provides the main excitatory inputs to LC and plays a pivotal role in opiate withdrawal. In the present study, the direct facilitatory role of PGi on opiate withdrawal-induced hyperactivity of LC neurons was investigated using a newly developed brain slice containing both LC and PGi. Methods: HRP retrograde neuronal tracing was used to verify the existence of both LC and PGi neurons in the developed slice. The spontaneous discharge rate and resting membrane potential(RMP) were recorded in LC neurons using whole cell patch clamp recording. Results: Results showed that the net discharge rate and the net RMP of LC neurons in slices containing both LC and PGi neurons are significantly higher than slices lacking intact(uncut) PGi inputs. Conclusion: Altogether, our results propose that increase in PGi-mediated excitatory transmission might partially facilitate the opiate withdrawal-induced hyperactivity of LC neurons.

关键词： Locus coeruleus paragigantocellularis opiate withdrawal rat

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