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检索条件"任意字段=第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议"

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Tonic inhibition in dentate gyrus impairs long-term potentiation and memory in an Alzheimer's disease model

Tonic inhibition in dentate gyrus impairs long-term potentia...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Zheng Wu Ziyuan Guo Marla Gearing Gong Chen Department of Biology The Huck Institutes of Life SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterEmory University School of Medicine

Amyloid plaques and tau tangles are common pathological hallmarks for Alzheimer's disease(AD);however, reducing Aβ production failed to relieve the symptoms of AD patients. Here we report a high GABA(γ-aminobutyric acid) content in reactive astrocytes in the dentate gyrus(DG) of a mouse model for AD(5xF AD) that results in increased tonic inhibition and memory deficit. We also confirm in human AD patient brains that dentate astrocytes have a high GABA content, suggesting that high astrocytic GABA level may be a novel biomarker and a potential diagnostic tool for AD. The excessive GABA in 5xF AD astrocytes is released through an astrocyte-specific GABA transporter GAT3/4, and significantly enhances tonic GABA inhibition in dentate granule cells. Importantly, reducing tonic inhibition in 5xF AD mice rescues the impairment of long-term potentiation(LTP) and memory deficit. Thus, reducing tonic GABA inhibition in the DG may lead to a novel therapy for AD.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease GABA GABA transporter astrocyte tonic inhibition LTP learning and memory

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Dihydromyricetin reduces α-synuclein aggregation via autophagy pathway

Dihydromyricetin reduces α-synuclein aggregation via autoph...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Jia-Zhen Wu Omar M.A.El-Agnaf Jia-Yi Li Institute of Neuroscience College of Life and Health SciencesNortheastern University Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine and Health ScienceUnited Arab Emirates University

Progressive accumulation of α-synuclein is a key step to pathological development of Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Increased intracellular levels of α-synuclein may be caused by enhanced expression or impaired protein degradation pathways. The autophagy-lysosomal pathway(ALP) is involved in intracellular degradation processes of α-synuclein. Defects of the ALP impair α-synuclein degradation and causecytotoxicity. In the present study, we aim to modulate the activities of the ALP by dihydromyricetin, a small molecule compounds derived from natural medicine, on α-synuclein aggregation. We observed clear α-synuclein accumulation and aggregation when neuroblastoma cell line H4 were co-transfected with Syn T and synphilin 1 16 hours after treating with dihydromyricetin(10 μM), levels of α-synuclein accumulation and aggregation significantly(57.3%±8.7%) decreased. Concomitantly, we detected increased levels of LAMP1 and LAMP2 a, two key marker proteins in the autophagy pathway. Immunofluorescence analyses showed that dihydromyricetin elevated the colocalization ratio of LAMP1 and LAMP2 a with α-synuclein aggregates in transfected cells. The data indicate that dihydromyricetin acts as an effective drug to interfere with α-synuclein accumulation and aggregate formation by modulating function of autophagy pathway.

关键词： alpha-synuclein Parkinson's disease Protein aggregation autophagy

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Application of intelligent mobile terminal in cancer-pain management

Application of intelligent mobile terminal in cancer-pain ma...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Hu Weiwei Li Jing Huang Qian Liao Zhijun Yu Ruihua Ding Gang Xinhua Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Chongming Branch Xinhua Translational Institute for Cancer Pain

Objective: The intelligent mobile terminals are very popular in all age groups. Whether this kind of devices with real-time self-assessment function could be used as a follow-up tool in the management of patients This study was designed to evaluate the application efficacy of intelligent application program in the management of cancer-pain. Methods: 120 patients with cancer pain symptom were randomly assigned into two groups(trial and control groups). For the trial group, intelligent application program was used to collect the data about cancer pain assessment, whereas the conventional methods were used for control group to follow-up. Results: During the 90 days' follow-up, for the trial group, pain controlled days were 49.73 ± 2.54, which was significantly longer than that(37.00 ± 2.33) for the control group(p< 0.001). Moreover, the frequency of daily breakthrough pain was 2.98 ± 0.13 times for the trial group, which was significantly lower than that(4.10 ± 0.11) for the control group(p< 0.001). Conclusion: The whole range management of cancer-pain based on intelligent devise is conducive to better management of cancer-pain.

关键词： Cancer pain Pain Management PAIN Self-assessment

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Rotated direction of microsaccade represents motor choice in the spatial choice tasks

Rotated direction of microsaccade represents motor choice in...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Bin Yang Yang Zhou Mingsha Zhang National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning School of Brain and Cogni-tive SciencesBeijing Normal University Institute of Neuroscience Shanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of Sci-ences

Microsaccades have been associated with a variety of functions such as eliminating visual fading, supporting detailed visual search, indicating covert attention and influencing motor preparation. Although the direction of microsaccades could be modulated by the spatial location of covert attention, there is no elaborate study about the change of microsaccades direction along time. In this study, two monkeys were trained to perform two spatial choice tasks in which the monkeys needed to figure out one from two stimuli as saccadic goal based either on the spatial location of a visual cue or the color of stimuli. Intriguingly, the direction of microsaccades of two monkeys began to rotate shortly after the onset of the cue(spatial or color) and continued until a response saccade was allowed in both tasks. The speed of the rotation of microsaccades direction differed between two different saccade choices. In contrast, no rotation of microsaccades direction was observed in a memory guided saccade task in which no competing choice was provided. Therefore, we come to the conclusion that the rotation of microsaccades direction in spatial choice tasks represents the motor choice of monkeys. In addition, this rotation phenomenon of microsac-cades might indicate that the mental process conducting a saccade response from a saccade choice is continuous rather than saltatory.

关键词： rotation microsaccades spatial choice mental process

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The effects of inosine on the survival of the primarily cultured oligodendrocyte precursor cells with chemical hypoxic injury

The effects of inosine on the survival of the primarily cult...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Quan-Rui Ma Jin-Ping Sun Fang Kuang Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyBasic Medical CollegeNingxia Medical University Institute of Neurosciences The Fourth Military Medical University Department of Pathology General HospitalNingxia Medical University

Inosine has been shown playing an important role in the injury and repair of the central nervous system(CNS). Our previous experiments also showed that inosine can protect cultured rat oligodendrocytes from chemical hypoxia. In this study, we continuously used MTT assay, PI staining and immunofluorescence staining to investigate the effect of inosine on the survival of primarily cultured oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPC) injured by rotenone-mediated chemical hypoxia. Results showed that rotenone significantly decreased OPC viability, increased OPC death rate, but did not change the apoptosis rate of OPC. We used different dose of inosine to treat OPC exposed to rotenone 24 h and found that inosine did not change the viability, death rate, apoptosis rate of OPC. In addition, 10 m M inosine significantly decreased normal OPC viability. In summary, there is no protective effect of inosine on the survival of OPC with rotenone-induced chemical hypoxic injury, and high dose of inosine may injure the untreated OPC. These data suggest a negative effect of overdose inosine on the myelin repair process as the CNS injury is concerned.

关键词： Chemical hypoxia Inosine Oligodendrocyte precursor cells

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Drosha and mi RNA Biogenesis in Neuronal Stress and Death

Drosha and mi RNA Biogenesis in Neuronal Stress and Death

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Qian Yang Department of Neurosurgery Tangdu hospitalThe Fourth Military Medical University

miR NAs, as a class of powerful modulator of gene expression, have emerged as a key player in diverse physiological and pathological processes including development, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. The key step in canonical mi RNA biogenesis is the cleavage of the primary transcripts by the nuclear RNase III enzyme Drosha. Emerging evidence suggests that the mi RNA biogenic cascade may be tightly controlled. However, signals and pathways directly regulating Drosha under either stress or non stress conditions remain to be identified. Here we show that Drosha is targeted by multiple stress signals. Under stress, p38 MAPK directly phosphorylates Drosha at its N-terminus. This reduces its interaction with DiG eorge syndrome critical region 8(DGCR8), promotes its nuclear export, and facilitates its degradation by calpain. This regulatory mechanism mediates stress-induced inhibition of Drosha. Reduction of Drosha activity sensitizes cells to stress and increases cellular death. Increase in Drosha attenuates stress-induced death. We further confirmed that regulation of Drosha plays a key role in neuronal stress. These findings reveal a critical regulatory mechanism by which stress engages p38 MAPK pathway to destabilize Drosha and thereby inhibit Drosha-mediated neuronal survival.

关键词： Drosha and mi RNA Biogenesis in Neuronal Stress and Death RNA

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Antinociceptive effects of fucoidan in rat models of vincristine-induced neuropathic pain

Antinociceptive effects of fucoidan in rat models of vincris...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Chuan-yin Hu Ming-feng Xu Guo-ping Zhang Yin-run Ding Xiao-ping Chen Department of Biology Guangdong Medical Colleg Department of physiology Guangdong Medical College

Objective Chemotherapic drugs commonly induced peripheral neuropathic pain and limited its use in clinic. Fucoidan is an active constituent found in brown seaweeds, which have potential neuroprotection. The present study was to evaluate the effect of fucoidan on the development of vincristine-induced neuropathic pain. Methods By behavioral test, mechanical and cold withdrawal threshold were tested before and after intraperitoneal administration different doses of fucoidan on vincristine-induced neuropathic pain rat model. The expression levels of GABAB2 receptors were determined by western blot. Results Single treatment with fucoidan could neither prevent the induction of vincristine-induced mechanical nor cold allodynia. However, repeated fucoidan administration attenuated vincristine induced mechanical and cold allodynia in a dose dependent manner. Additionally, the analgesic effects of fucoidan contribute to an up-regulation in GABAB receptor expression in the spinal cord. Furthermore, all the effects of fucoidan against vincristine-induced neuropathy could be reversed by saclofen, a selective GABAB receptor antagonist. Conclusion The antinociceptive effects of fucoidan may be through activation of GABAB receptor and fucoidan may be a promising drug for the treatment of chemotherapic drugs induced neuropathic pain.

关键词： fucoidan vincristine neuropathic pain GABAB receptors

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Olfactory-evoked dopamine release in awake zebrafish larvae

Olfactory-evoked dopamine release in awake zebrafish larvae

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Chun-Feng SHANG Yu-Fan WANG Xiao-Quan LI Chen YIN Zhuan ZHOU Jiu-Lin DU Institute of Neuroscience State Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceCenter for Excellence in Brain ScienceShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences The State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology Institute of Molecular MedicineBeijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular MedicineInstitute of Molecular MedicinePeking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking University

Dopaminergic modulation plays multifaceted roles in brain functions from sensory integration, decision making to motivation and reinforcement learning. The zebrafish larva with its small and transparent brain has become an attractive vertebrate model for system neuroscience, offering genuine opportunities for dissecting the circuitry mechanisms underlying such modulation. This asks for direct monitoring of dopamine release with appreciable spatial and temporal resolution. Here we show that dopamine release could be evoked by appetitive olfactory stimulation and electrochemically monitored in awake zebrafish larvae. With refined carbon fiber electrode, amperometric current was readily recorded in the optic tectum in response to food extract stimulation and identified as dopaminergic through pharmacological manipulation. Furthermore, pretectal dopaminergic neurons innervating the optic tectum were found to be responsive to the same olfactory stimulation and essential for the dopamine release. Thus we have established an electrochemical assay to reliably monitor dopamine release in zebrafish larvae and revealed olfactory innervation of the optic tectum via dopaminergic afferents.

关键词： Zebrafish Dopamine Carbon fiber electrode Electrochemisty Pretectum Olfaction

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Targeting non-muscle myosin Ⅱ to promote axon regeneration after optic nerve injury

Targeting non-muscle myosin Ⅱ to promote axon regeneration ...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Saijilafu Zhou fengquan Department of Orthopaedics the First Affiliated HospitalOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Axon regeneration is essential for the restoration of neuronal connectivity and functional recovery after nerve injury. However, injured neurons encounter a multitude of inhibitory factors that prevent axon regeneration. Comprehensive axon regeneration might be achieved by coordinated regulation of gene expression to increase the intrinsic growth capacity and local signaling machinery to power the assembly of cytoskeletal elements in the growth cone. Our previous cell culture study has found that axons from both the central and the peripheral nervous system neurons show markedly enhanced growth over potent inhibitory substrates by manipulation of non-muscle myosin Ⅱ(NMⅡ), which is achieved via reorganization of the growth cone cytoskeletal structure. However, it is unknown whether inhibition of non-muscle myosin II have similar effects on axon regeneration in *** injury is well known to promote the axon regeneration of retinal ganglion neurons after optic nerve injury. Here, we provide evidence thatlens injury and deletion of endogenous NMIIA/B act synergistically to promote enhanced axon regenerationwithout affecting the neuronal survival. Thus, we believe that regulation of the local cytoskeletal machinery in the growth cone would provide an alternative approach for axon regeneration.

关键词： Axon regeneration Optic nerve myosinⅡ,Cytoskeleton

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NR2A-NMDA Receptor Activates PANX1 during CSD——an emerging link between migraine and its aura

NR2A-NMDA Receptor Activates PANX1 during CSD——an emerging...

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Fan Bu J Quinn Minyan Wang Biological Sciences Department Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Institute of Translational Medicine Liverpool University

Cortical spreading depression(CSD) is a propagating neuronal excitation, followed by depression in cortex and subcortical regions. CSD is known to be the underlying mechanism of migraine with aura in human and may lead to migraine like behavior via pannexin1(Panx1) channel activation. NR2A-containing NMDA receptor contributes to CSD genesis and propagation. In this study, we aim to investigate whether CSD induced PANX1 channel opening could be regulated by NR2 A activation. Using a cellular fluorescent staining method with propidium iodide(PI), the data showed that NR2 A inhibition under NVP-AAM077 application(0.3 nmol) significantly suppressed CSD-induced neuronal Panx1 opening in layer V and VI of rat cortex. This NR2 A inhibition also suppressed Src activation, a key modulator of PANX1, during CSD. This study suggests that activation of NR2 A containing receptors mediates neuronal Panx1 during CSD events probably via Src activation.

关键词： cortical spreading depression migraine NR2A pannexin1

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