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Model order reduction for stochastic optimal control

Model order reduction for stochastic optimal control

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asme 2012 11th biennial conference on engineering systems design and analysis, ESDA 2012

作者： Nguyen, Ngoc-Hien Willcox, Karen Khoo, Boo Cheong Singapore-MIT Alliance National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139-4307 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9780791844847

this work presents an approach to solve stochastic optimal control problems in the application of flow quality management in reservoir systems. these applications are challenging because they require real-time decision-making in the presence of uncertainties such as wind velocity. these uncertainties must be accounted for as stochastic variables in the mathematical model. In addition, computational costs and storage requirements increase rapidly due to the stochastic nature of the simulations and optimisation formulations. To overcome these challenges, an approach is developed that uses the combination of a reduced-order model and an adjoint-based method to compute the optimal solution rapidly. the system is modelled by a system of stochastic partial differential equations. the finite element method together with collocation in the stochastic space provide an approximate numerical solution-the "full model", which cannot be solved in real-time. the proper orthogonal decomposition and Galerkin projection technique are applied to obtain a reduced-order model that approximates the full model. the conjugate-gradient method with Armijo line-search is then employed to find the solution of the optimal control problem under the uncertainty of input parameters. Numerical results show that the stochastic control yields solutions that are above the bound of the set solutions of the deterministic control. Applying the reduced model to the stochastic optimal control problem yields a speed-up in computational time by a factor of about 80 with acceptable accuracy in comparison with the full model. Application of the optimal control strategy shows the potential effectiveness of this computational modeling approach for managing flow quality. Copyright © 2012 by asme.

关键词： Finite element method

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asme 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conf. Collocated with the asme 2012 Fluids engineering Div. Summer Meeting and the asme 2012 10th Int. Conf. on Nanochannels, Microchannels and Minichannels, HT 2012

ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conf. Collocated with the ASM...

引用

asme 2012 Heat Transfer Summer conference Collocated with the asme 2012 Fluids engineering Div. Summer Meeting and the asme 2012 10th Int. Conf. on Nanochannels, Microchannels and Minichannels, HT 2012

ISBN: (纸本)9780791844786

the proceedings contain 259 papers. the topics discussed include: modeling gas radiative properties in a rocket motor plume;computational aerothermodynamic analysis of a sphero-biconic shaped vehicle for mars aerocapture;experimental investigation and numerical modeling of natural convection around an infrared montgolfiere balloon at high Rayleigh number;design and construction of an instrumented instructional small scale rankine vapor power cycle by and for undergraduate students;utilizing motion pictures in engineering education: an example in radiation heat transfer;gpu-based molecular dynamics formulation of thermal conductivity predictions for monolayer graphene;and the technical derivation of heat transfer performance of the airside of a novel pin design heat exchanger using computational fluid dynamics.

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Application of systems engineering to improve extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy

Application of systems engineering to improve extracorporeal...

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22nd Annual International Symposium of the International Council on systems engineering, INCOSE 2012 and the 8th biennial European systems engineering conference 2012, EuSEC 2012

作者： Pihera, L. Drew Taylor, Brian Bollweg, Nick R. Ender, Tommer Paden, Matthew L. Lopez, Andrew King, Scott Georgia Tech Research Institute Centennial Research Building 400 10th Street Atlanta United States Science and Engineering Services Inc 106 Sun Ct. Huntsville Alabama 35824 United States Children's Healthcare of Atlanta Department of Pediatric Critical Care 1405 Clifton Road Atlanta United States Home Depot 2455 Paces Ferry Rd Atlanta GA 30339 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781622769162

though able to boost survival rates from below 25% to nearly 75% in patients that qualify for treatment, the complexity of the currently implemented Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) system of systems keeps it from being used across an even wider range of patients. Representatives from the Children's Healthcare of Atlanta asked a team from the Georgia Tech Professional Masters in Applied systems engineering for assistance in reducing the complexity of the current implementation as well as help provide a way forward for future improvement to the therapy. this paper examines the application of systems engineering methodologies as performed by the team, including Model Based systems engineering (MBSE), gap analysis of the system architecture and data visualization prototyping. Additionally the paper describes how the selection of tools and models fostered dialog between two groups of distinctly different backgrounds and provides a proposed roadmap for robust system design, development and future work. © 2012 by Drew Pihera.

关键词： systems engineering

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MICRO PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF MICRO COUETTE BLOOD FLOW

MICRO PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION...

引用

10th International conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels and Minichannels

作者： Mehri, R. Mavriplis, C. Fenech, M. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Ottawa ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780791844793

the purpose of the work presented this paper is to design a model to study experimentally and numerically a micro-Couette blood flow to obtain a constant and controlled shear rate that is a suitable environment for analysis of Red Blood Cell (RBC) aggregation. Due to the simplicity of the flow conditions, aggregate size can be related to the constant shear rate applied. this Couette flow is created by the motion of a second fluid that entrains the blood. the experimental work is coupled with 3D numerical simulations performed using a research computational fluid dynamics solver, Nek5000, based on the spectral element method, while the experiments are conducted using a micro-particle image velocimetry system. Two models of microchannels, with different dimensions, 150 x 33 mu m and 170 x 64 mu m, are fabricated in the laboratory using standard photolithography methods. the design of the channel is based on several parameters determined by the simulations. A Newtonian model is tested numerically and experimentally. Blood is then tested experimentally to be compared to the simulation results. We find that using a velocity ratio of 4 between the two Newtonian fluids, we create a flow where one third of the channel thickness is filled with the fluid destined to be blood. In the blood experiments, the velocity profile in this layer is approximately linear;resulting in the desired controlled conditions for the study of RBC aggregation.

关键词： Shear deformation

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Computer aided electroforming for rapid manufacturing applications

Computer aided electroforming for rapid manufacturing applic...

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asme 2012 11th biennial conference on engineering systems design and analysis, ESDA 2012

作者： Castellano, Pedro M. Hernández Sánchez, Ayoze Socas Vega, Antonio N. Benítez Verona, Mario Monzón García, Fernando Ortega Alemán, M. Dolores Marrero Department of Mechanical Engineering Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Canary Island Spain Department of Proccess Engineering Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Canary Island Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9780791844878

Electroforming enables the manufacture metallic parts with good mechanical properties and high level of accuracy and reproducibility. A thin metallic shell is deposited on a model and later released from it. there are several applications of electroforming combined with rapid manufacturing (RM) technologies. However the two main disadvantages of electroforming are the non-uniformity thickness distribution and long time span of shell manufacturing. the goal of this research is the evolution of Elecform3D™ product. It is a numerical simulation tool of electroforming process, in order to facilitate design and manufacturing tasks for metallic shells production. this software also controls the automatic device of cathodic orientation (ADCO) inside electrolytic baths. High quality of part is obtained, taking advantage of electroforming properties and improving manufacturing speed. the methodology is based on the well-known potentials model of LaPlace, it enables deposited metal distribution prediction with high grade of precision, being experimentally validated with cathodic polarization curves. Moreover this has also created a subroutine for solving this problem for this application using the boundary element method (BEM). this tool has been tested and validated for the simulation of metal electroplating by using reference solutions of problems in the literature. It also examines changes in the geometry of the cathode as a result of the process of electro-deposition of the metal and the influence of this phenomenon on the simulation routine developed considering variables such as the metal thickness distribution and the rate of deposition. All these tasks work and carry out processes complementing simulation with experimental work in the laboratory in order to create a tool that will give greater potential to this product. the results obtained with the first version of this product were very promising, and also indicated the need for a more precise analysis of electroche

关键词： 3D printers

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Metamodel multi-objective optimization tool for mechatronic system design

Metamodel multi-objective optimization tool for mechatronic ...

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2012 8th IEEE/asme International conference on Mechatronic and Embedded systems and Applications, MESA 2012

作者： Younis, Adel Dong, Zuomin Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Victoria Victoria BC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781467323475

the use of approximation models in multiobjective optimization problems that involve expensive analysis and simulation processes such as multi-physics modeling and simulation, finite element analysis (FEA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has become more popular and more attractive, especially for the optimization of complex mechatronics systems. Approximation models have been found as a promising tool for multiobjective optimization problems due to their capability for providing accurate modeling results with much less computations for intensive computation problems. Many present global optimization search techniques involve fitness evaluations that are expensive to perform, even worse for problems with multiple objective black-box functions evaluations. In this work, a new adaptive multiobjective optimization approach based metamodeling (AMOP) techniques is introduced. the approach can identify the Pareto front for multiobjective optimization problems efficiently with high accuracy. the computation cost associated with identifying the Pareto front for expensive black-box functions is reduced. the new search method was tested using benchmark test problems and mechatronics device design examples. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Kriging

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Investigation on parametric design of centrifugal pump impeller and its optimization with response surface method

Investigation on parametric design of centrifugal pump impel...

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asme 2012 Fluids engineering Division Summer Meeting, FEDSM 2012 Collocated with the asme 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conf. and the asme 2012 10th International conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and M, FEDSM 2012

作者： Renhui, Zhang Kai, Zheng Junhu, Yang School of Energy and Power Engineering Lanzhou University of Tehnology Lanzhou Gansu China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791844755

the critical issues of the optimization design of centrifugal pump are introduced in detail, and the main obstacle is the complicated implicit relation between the pump hydraulic performance and its interior passage geometry shape. the parametric design methods of centrifugal impeller proposed previously are introduced, which include the method based on NURBS surface, the method based on free-form deformation (FFD) and the method based on partial differential equation (PDE). To reduce the computational cost, the partial differential equation method is used to parametric design of the centrifugal impeller, and the boundary condition was parameterized. the parameters a(u, v) are consider as constant. the response surface methodology (RSM) is proposed to optimize the design of pump impeller. the objective function can be approximated based on trial results. Analyze the response surface model, and we find that the 2nd order polynomial cannot be used to simulate the complicated relation between the design object and the control variables. So the partial differential equations were proposed to construct the hypersurface response of objective function. the boundary-value problem of hyperspace is numerically solved. According to the optimization analysis, we can get the optimum design of pump impeller. the calculation case shows that the proposed theory and method are rational. Copyright © 2012 by asme.

关键词： Boundary conditions

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A preliminary analysis of a turgo type turbine cfd simulation designed with an integrated dimensional methodology

A preliminary analysis of a turgo type turbine cfd simulatio...

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作者： Correa, Jorge Luis Clarembaux De Andrade, Jesús Asuaje, Miguel Mechanical Energy Conversion Laboratory Simon Bolivar University Valle de Sartenejas Venezuela

ISBN: (纸本)9780791844755

A useful methodology in the design of a Turgo Type Turbine (TTT) has been accomplished through the theoretical calculation of the runner performance and efficiency, using 1D, 2D and 3D theory with certain simpliflying assumptions. the adaptation of several geometric and hydrodynamic parameters into the solution of the Rankine ovoids streamlines function, a three-dimensional potential flow, resulted in the design of a three dimensional TTT runner. A significant CFD simulation of this turbine was achieved, showing its hydrodynamic performance and the behaviour of the streamlines path through the buckets hit by the jet. the distribution of the water volumetric fraction was reported from the nozzle to the buckets In the same way, this numerical approach described the evolution of the velocity vectors from the water crossing the buckets. Furthermore, a comparison between the relative velocity angles from the three dimensional potential theory and the CFD simulation results was done, in order to find potential similarities from the water that actually passes into the buckets. Copyright © 2012 by asme.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Application of deterministic correlations in the analysis of rotor-stator interactions in axial flow fans

Application of deterministic correlations in the analysis of...

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作者： Vega, Mónica Galdo Díaz, Katia María Argüelles Lastra, María Rodríguez Oro, Jesús Manuel Fernández Campus de Viesques 33271 Gijón Asturias Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9780791844755

Deterministic stresses account for the time-averaged contribution of the periodic unsteadiness in single-stage turbomachinery. An accurate modelling of these stresses allows for the development of steady simulations with full contribution of deterministic unsteady sources. Moreover, introducing both relative and absolute reference frames, the deterministic tensor can be split into a set of correlations which addresses the influence of the stator and rotor non-uniformities separately. As a consequence, a pure unsteady term showing rotor-stator interaction is rediscovered and can be established as an essential indicator of the strength of viscous, non-linear effects in multistage turbomachinery environments. this work provides a comprehensive description of these correlations in the interrow region of a single stage axial flow fan. Two configurations are analyzed here: the upstream stator acting as a non-uniform inflow for the rotor and the complementary stator placed downstream of the rotor for pressure recovery at the exit. To illustrate the driven mechanisms in the tensor, a three-dimensional numerical simulation at the midspan section of a low-speed axial fan is employed in the present investigation. A deep analysis of the interaction between the rows using the deterministic framework is shown as a useful tool to devise deterministic models for steady computations. the commercial code FLUENT is used to resolve the full unsteady 3-D Navier-Stokes equations using LES schemes. Nominal and off-design flow conditions have been considered to observe the relevance of the different deterministic correlations in the establishment of the unsteady sources. the final objective pursues a deep understanding of the correlations behavior under variable flow conditions and different stage configurations. thus, physical insight will be gained and more efficient and reliable deterministic models could be proposed, available for researchers and experts in the field. Copyright © 2012

关键词： Stators

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Phase-change thermal energy storage and conversion: Development and analysis for solar thermal propulsion

Phase-change thermal energy storage and conversion: Developm...

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48th AIAA/asme/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion conference and Exhibit 2012

作者： Gilpin, M.R. Scharfe, D.B. Young, M.P. University of Southern California 854 W 36th Pl Los Angeles CA 90089 United States ERC Incorporated AFRL/RQRS 10 E. Saturn Blvd Edwards AFB CA 93524 United States Air Force Research Laboratory AFRL/RQRS 10 E. Saturn Blvd Edwards AFB CA 93524 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781600869358

Solar thermal propulsion offers a unique combination of high thrust and high specific impulse that can provide competitive advantages relative to traditional satellite propulsion systems. Enhancing the functionality of this technology will require a robust thermal energy storage method that can be combined with a means of thermal-to-electric conversion (i.e. thermophotovoltaic cells). this combination creates a high performance dual mode power and propulsion system that can eliminate the traditional photovoltaic-battery combination on existing satellites. A thermal energy storage system based on the phase change of molten elemental materials is proposed as the enabling technology. Molten boron is identified as the optimal phase change material (PCM), but presents significant engineering challenges. thus, molten silicon is proposed as a near term, moderate performance storage option. A systems level comparison against existing technologies shows that both thermal storage materials present a performance benefit versus current technological benchmarks, and with optimistic future assumptions, it appears that a boron-based system can provide a ΔV improvement of more than 40% while maintaining rapid satellite maneuverability. An ongoing experimental effort is focused on producing a proof of concept thermal energy storage system. Materials testing has determined the stability of boron nitride in the presence of molten silicon in the short term, and solar furnace testing has resulted in silicon melting for the first time. Testing of the solar furnace using copper as a surrogate PCM has revealed experimental concerns with PCM heat transfer rates and has resulted in a design for a new full scale solar furnace. this furnace will operate at scales that are relevant to spacecraft development.

关键词： thermal energy

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