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检索条件"任意字段=11th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications"

共 2194 条记录，以下是141-150 订阅

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Enhancing Security of embedded Linux on a Multi-core Processor

Enhancing Security of Embedded Linux on a Multi-core Process...

引用

1st international Workshop on Cyber-Physical systems, Networks, and applications (CPSNA) held during 17th ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Li, Ning Kinebuchi, Yuki Nakajima, Tatsuo Waseda Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9780769545028

While recent embedded systems start to own more and more functionalities, security requirements become more and more important. In this paper we propose an approach to enhance the security of embedded systems. In this approach SPUMONE, a thin virtualization layer, is selected to build a multi-OS environment for its low overhead. Xv6 runs as trusted OS for executing the monitoring service that detects the violation of the integrity of the Linux kernel while Linux as a general purpose OS. the monitoring service checks whether Linux is compromised or not. A secure pager that offers the spatial isolation based on the core-local memory is proposed to protect the integrity of the xv6 kernel located in the main memory, which can make Linux and xv6 run in high security level.

关键词： embedded systems Kernel Linux Linux Monitoring Random access memory SPUMONE Security Virtual machine monitors core-local memory embedded Linux embedded system embedded systems multicore processor multiprocessing systems security security of data security requirements virtualization virtualization layer

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Utilization-controlled Task Consolidation for Power Optimization in Multi-Core real-time systems

Utilization-controlled Task Consolidation for Power Optimiza...

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作者： Fu, Xing Wang, Xiaorui Univ Tennessee Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Knoxville TN 37996 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769545028

Since multi-core processors have become a primary trend in processor development, new scheduling algorithms are needed to minimize power consumption while achieving the desired timeliness guarantees for multi-core (and many-core) real-time embedded systems. Although various power/energy-efficient scheduling algorithms have recently been proposed, existing studies may have degraded run-time performance in terms of power/energy efficiency and real-time guarantees when applied to real-time embedded systems with uncertain execution times. In this paper, we propose a novel online solution that integrates core-level feedback control with processor-level optimization to minimize both the dynamic and leakage power consumption of a multi-core real-time embedded system. Our solution monitors the utilization of each CPU core in the system and dynamically responds to unpredictable execution time variations by conducting per-core voltage and frequency scaling. We then perform task consolidation on a longer timescale and shut down unused cores for maximized power savings. Both empirical results on a hardware multi-core testbed with well-known benchmarks and simulation results in many-core systems show that our solution provides the desired real-time guarantees while achieving more power savings than three state-of-the-art algorithms.

关键词： Multicore processing real time systems Power demand Optimization embedded systems Resource management Frequency control

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Voltage Assignment for Soft real-time embedded systems with Continuous Probability Distribution

Voltage Assignment for Soft Real-Time Embedded Systems with ...

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15th ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications

作者： Qiu, Meikang Wu, Jiande Hu, Fei Liu, Shaobo Wang, Lingfeng Univ Kentucky Dept Elect & Comp Engn Lexington KY 40506 USA Univ New Orleans Dept Elect & Comp Engn New Orleans LA 70148 USA Univ Alabama Dept Elect & Comp Engn Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA SUNY Binghamton Dept Elect & Comp Engn Binghamton NY 13902 USA Texas A&M Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn College Stn TX 77843 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769537870

Energy saving is critical to real-time embedded systems. In many embedded systems, some tasks contain conditional instructions or operations that could have different execution times for different inputs. Due to the uncertainties in execution time of these tasks, this paper models each varied execution time as a probabilistic random variable. We propose a practical algorithm to minimize the expected value of total energy consumption while satisfying the timing constraint with a guaranteed confidence probability for uniprocessor embedded systems with continuous probability distributions. the experimental results show that our approach achieves significant energy saving than previous work.

关键词： Probability continuous energy dynamic voltage scaling real-time

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Allocating Software With Improved Resource Usage and Scheduling For Vehicle Control System Development

Allocating Software With Improved Resource Usage and Schedul...

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15th ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications

作者： Wang, Shige Jiang, Shengbing Gen Motors R&D Warren MI 48090 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769537870

Allocating software components and messages to computing devices and their interconnecting networks is a great challenge in vehicle control system development. the allocation decisions arc usually made at an early development stage without the implementation details of the computing platform. To produce low-cost products with correct vehicle control, the software allocation must facilitate the final system scheduling with better resource utilization and the presence of platform implementation uncertainties. In this paper, we present an allocation method to improve the resource utilization and scheduling while keeping the decisions independent of delayed platform implementation. Our method determines the allocation using a genetic algorithm with an optimization function combining the peak usage request and the usage request density to minimize the potential contentions on shared resources. the preliminary evaluation using the representative synthetic systems has shown the effectiveness and applicability of the method.

关键词： software allocation heuristic search embedded control vehicle systems

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On thermal Utilization of Periodic Task Sets in Uni-Processor systems

On Thermal Utilization of Periodic Task Sets in Uni-Processo...

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ieee 19th international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Ahmed, Rehan Ramanathan, Parameswaran Saluja, Kewal K. Univ Wisconsin Dept Elect & Comp Engn Madison WI 53706 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479908516

In this paper we introduce a novel characterization of real-time tasks based on their temperature impact. this characterization is used to analyze the schedulability of periodic real-time tasks in thermally constrained systems. the proposed characterization is important because thermal constraints are becoming increasingly vital due to rapid and increasing rise in power densities of modern architectures. As part of this work, we introduce the concept of "Accumulated thermal Impact" (ATI), which represents cumulative temperature increase due to execution of a given task. the concept of ATI is then used to determine thermal utilization of a periodic task set, which is somewhat analogous to traditional computation utilization, and perform schedulability analysis. We also propose a speed scaling scheme for minimizing thermal utilization/system temperature. Our results show that thermal utilization of a periodic task set is strongly correlated to its thermal feasibility. the proposed speed scaling scheme is also shown to perform significantly better than current schemes in terms of thermal utilization/temperature minimization.

关键词： real-time systems thermal Aware Scheduling Periodic Tasks DVFS

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A Cascading Redundancy Approach for Dependable real-time systems

A Cascading Redundancy Approach for Dependable Real-Time Sys...

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15th ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications

作者： Aysan, Huseyin Dobrin, Radu Punnekkat, Sasikumar Malardalen Univ Malardalen Real Time Res Ctr Vasteras Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9780769537870

Dependable real-lime systems typically consist of tasks of multiple criticality levels and scheduling them in a fault-tolerant manner is a challenging problem. Redundancy in the physical and temporal domains for achieving fault tolerance has been often dealt independently based on the types of errors one needs to tolerate. To our knowledge, there had been no work which tries to integrate fault tolerant scheduling and multiple redundancy mechanisms. In this paper we propose a novel cascading redundancy approach within a generic fault tolerant scheduling framework. the proposed approach is capable of tolerating errors with a wider coverage (with respect to error frequency and error types) than time and space redundancy in isolation, allows tasks with mixed criticality levels, is independent of the scheduling technique and, above all, ensures that every critical task instance can be feasibly replicated in both time and space.

关键词： Redundancy

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Task Partitioning and Platform Synthesis for Energy Efficiency

Task Partitioning and Platform Synthesis for Energy Efficien...

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15th ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications

作者： Chen, Jian-Jia thiele, Lothar Swiss Fed Inst Technol Comp Engn & Networks Lab TIK Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9780769537870

Energy-efficient and power-aware designs have played important roles in modern computing systems to reduce the power hills for server systems or prolong the lifetime of embedded devices. Moreover systems with multiple heterogeneous processing units have been widely adopted to enhance the computing capability or reduce the power consumption. this work explores how to synthesize a heterogeneous multiprocessor platform or select processing units with the partitioning of. real-time tasks so that the energy consumption is minimized. Given a set of processing unit types, characterized by the power consumption for maintaining activeness and executing jobs, this paper proposes an efficient and effective algorithm to allocate processing units with energy-efficient task partitioning. We show that the algorithm is with a (1 + ln n)-approximation factor in worst cases, for processing unit types with a variety of power consumption models, where n is the number of tasks. the approximation factor is asymptotically optimal for polynomial-time approximation algorithms unless P = NP. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective for energy consumption minimization.

关键词： Power-aware design Task partitioning Processing unit allocation Platform synthesis real-time embedded systems Heterogeneous processing units

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Applying the Peak Over thresholds Method on Worst-Case Response time Analysis of Complex real-time systems

Applying the Peak Over Thresholds Method on Worst-Case Respo...

引用

ieee 19th international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Liu, Meng Behnam, Moris Nolte, thomas Malardalen Univ Vasteras Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781479908509

the predictability of timing behavior is a very important performance issue of a real-time system. As the complexity of modern industrial systems increases, analyzing the timing behaviors of those systems becomes more and more challenging. Most of the existing analysis methods depend on static and detailed information of the systems under analysis. However, sometimes only partial information of a system can be available, or it may require too much effort on obtaining those details, making those analysis methods much less feasible. Moreover, those methods usually focus on some specific system models with unrealistic assumptions, consequently, applying those methods on a complex industrial real-time system may result in overly pessimistic results. therefore, in this paper, we propose a statistical method to compute Worst-Case Response times (WCRTs) of complex real-time systems regarding soft timing constraints, which can provide a higher general applicability with less required system information. Our approach employs a Peak Over thresholds (POT) method, which is a branch of the Extreme Value theory (EVT). For the evaluation, we have applied this approach on the analysis of message transmission latencies over Controller Area Networks (CAN).

关键词： real time systems

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Evaluating Software Diversity in Branch Prediction Analyses for static WCET Estimation 25

Evaluating Software Diversity in Branch Prediction Analyses ...

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25th ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Fellmuth, Joachim Zell, Jonas Glesner, Sabine Tech Univ Berlin Software & Embedded Syst Engn Berlin Germany Tech Univ Berlin Berlin Germany Tech Univ Berlin Software & Embedded Syst Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728131979

Static worst-case execution time analysis enables to obtain guaranteed timing bounds for programs, which is required for safety-critical hard real-time systems. this comprises micro-architectural analyses that rely on full knowledge of the executed program. An example are current approaches to statically bound the time penalty of mispredicted branches in systems using static or dynamic branch predictors. On the other hand, in artificial software diversity, uncertainty in program aspects is used to render code-reuse attacks useless, making the system considerably more secure. We solve this conflict by proposing adapted static analyses for static and dynamic branch prediction that are able to cope with diversity, and by quantifying the impact of diversity onto the analysis results through extensive evaluation.

关键词： WCET static analysis branch prediction artificial diversity

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Exact Fault-Tolerant Feasibility Analysis of Fixed-Priority real-time Tasks

Exact Fault-Tolerant Feasibility Analysis of Fixed-Priority ...

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16th ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Pathan, Risat Mahmud Jonsson, Jan Chalmers Univ Technol SE-41296 Gothenburg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9780769541556

In this paper, a necessary and sufficient (exact) feasibility test is proposed for fixed-priority scheduling of a periodic task set to tolerate multiple faults on uniprocessor. We consider a fault model such that multiple faults can occur in any task and at any time, even during recovery operations. the proposed test considers tolerating a maximum of f faults that can occur within any time interval equal to the largest relative deadline of the task set. the feasibility of the task set is checked based on the maximum workload requested by the higher-priority jobs within the released time and deadline of the job of each task that is released at the critical instant. the maximum workload is calculated using a novel technique to compose the execution time of the higher-priority jobs. To the best of our knowledge, no other work (assuming the same fault model as ours) has derived an exact feasibility test for periodic task sets having a lower time complexity than that of the test proposed in this paper.

关键词： real-time systems real-time scheduling transient faults fault-tolerance exact feasibility analysis

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