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international conference on Measurement

作者： G. Petrović I. Šimić J. A. Bosnić P. Mostarac FESB University of Split Split Croatia FER University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia

this paper proposes a relatively simple program for measuring currents and voltages in electrical power system. real-time processing is achieved by using CompactRIG programmable automation controller which combines embedded real-time and FPGA modules. the device also enables users to quickly develop program code via LabVIEW graphical programming language. the process of data exchange between FPGA and RT modules using FIFG registers is described in details. In the end, some Power Quality algorithms are presented, according to IEC standard and attractive Graphical User Interface for PQ monitoring is displayed.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays real-time systems Voltage measurement Monitoring Current measurement Power measurement Signal processing algorithms

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Fuzzy multiprocessor architecture reconfiguration based on dynamic frequency scaling

Fuzzy multiprocessor architecture reconfiguration based on d...

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international conference on Intelligent System and Knowledge Engineering, ISKE

作者： Najar Yousra Ben Ahmed Samir University of Tunis el Manar High Institute of computing (ISI) Tunis Tunisia Faculty of Science Mathematics Physics and Natural of Tunis (FST) University of Tunis el Manar Tunis Tunisia

Multicore systems are rapidly immerging as a new paradigm for integrating both high performance systems and embedded applications. A large field of research focuses now on reconfigurable multicore architecture in order to find optimal solutions for improved performances such as energy consumption. A Perfect system would be able to create a balance between optimum resources allocation and a particular workload. the dynamic frequency scaling has been a key technique in exploiting the hardware configurable characteristics of processors. However, for large class of applications in embedded real time systems, the variable operating frequency interferes with their deadline guarantee. In this paper, a novel fuzzy logic technique is presented to optimize real time system feasibility and energy consumption in multicore architecture based on operating frequency scaling. Tested on different periodic task sets generated with different system charges the proposed technique is an intelligent decision aid system that studies schedulability and energy consumption aware.

关键词： Computer architecture Fuzzy logic Energy consumption real-time systems Program processors Mathematical model

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Performance and Freedom From Interference - a contradiction in embedded automotive multi-core applications?

Performance and Freedom From Interference - a contradiction ...

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ARCS 2017;30th international conference on Architecture of computing systems

作者： Andre Goebel Ralph Mader Ovidiu Tripon Continental Automotive GmbH Continental Automotive Romania SRL

the electrification of the power-train will increase the safety integrity levels for applications within this domain, as the dynamics of acceleration and the vehicle control increase with the usage of electrical motors especially when thinking of wheel hub motors. Other domains in the vehicle require as well as support of additional safety goals which will come up in the area of advanced driver systems or even autonomous driving. Multi-core micro-controllers for this future applications meanwhile offer a great variety of different hardware support to fulfill the FIT rates required by the ISO26262 standard for higher safety integrity levels like ASIL C and D. One important aspect of this ISO standard is the requirement for freedom from interference with respect to the execution of safety relevant software and the exchange of data from safe to non-safe software modules. this paper will focus on the different possibilities of protecting data access and elaborate on another important aspect in the power-train area, which is the runtime performance of the complete system. One of the most commonly used software architecture standard in the embedded automotive software domain is AUTOSAR, which offers as well support for safety aspects. As the different mechanisms for data protection require more or less CPU load from the system the use of a memory protection unit has to be carefully considered under this aspect. this paper gives an overview on how PowerSAR, the AUTOSAR solution of Continental powertrain, supports this kind of memory protection units. It shows the concepts applied in the basic software area as well as for the applicative software. Further it will show the impact on the CPU load for an example application with activated memory protection unit (MPU).

关键词： MultiCore real-time system AUTOSAR Automotive embedded software ISO26262 CPU load Memory Protection Unit Freedom From Interference Power-train Powertrain automotive engineering embedded software real-time systems store protection Freedom runtime performance ISO standard Multi-core processors

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Extending UML/MARTE-SAM for Integrating Adaptation Mechanisms in Scheduling View 11

Extending UML/MARTE-SAM for Integrating Adaptation Mechanism...

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11th international conference on Evaluation of Novel Software Approaches to Software Engineering

作者： Naija, Mohamed Ben Ahmed, Samir INSAT Lab Comp Ind Syst Tunis Tunisia

ISBN: (纸本)9789897581892

the profile for Modeling and Analysis of real-time and embedded systems (MARTE) defines a framework for annotating non-functional properties of embedded systems. In particular, the SAM (Schedulability Analysis Model) sub-profile offers stereotypes for annotating UML models with the needed information which will be extracted to fulfil a scheduling phase. However, SAM does not allow designers to specify data to be used in the context of adaptive systems development. It is in this context that we propose an extension for the MARTE profile, and especially the sub-profile Schedulability Analysis Modeling, to include adaptation mechanisms in scheduling view. We illustrate the advantages and effectiveness of our proposal by modeling a FESTO case study as an Adaptive real-time and embedded system.

关键词： Adaptability Scheduling Analysis real-time & embedded systems MDE MARTE

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Splitting Tasks for Migrating real-time Automotive applications to Multi-Core ECUs 11

Splitting Tasks for Migrating Real-Time Automotive Applicati...

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11th IEEE international Symposium on Industrial embedded systems (SIES)

作者： Lowinski, Martin Ziegenbein, Dirk Glesner, Sabine Robert Bosch GmbH Corp Res Renningen Germany Tech Univ Berlin Software Engn Embedded Syst Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781509022823

real-time automotive software becomes increasingly complex due to the integration of more functionalities. At the same time, the computation power of electronic control units grows by increasing the number of cores instead of the core performance. thus, in the near future a single task will require more computation power than a single core can offer. We propose an approach that solves this problem by splitting a task into multiple parallel task partitions with minimal synchronization overhead while maintaining all data dependencies of the functionalities inside the original task. the approach is successfully validated on a real-world engine management system.

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New Co-design Methodology for real-time embedded systems 11

New Co-design Methodology for Real-time Embedded Systems

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11th international Joint conference on Software Technologies (ICSOFT-EA)

作者： Ghribi, Ines Ben Abdallah, Riadh Khalgui, Mohamed Platzner, Marco Univ Carthage INSAT LISI Lab Tunis Tunisia Univ Tunis El Manar Dept Comp Sci Tunis Tunisia Univ Paderborn Dept Comp Sci Paderborn Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789897581946

Over the years we are witnessing and ever increasing demand for functionality enhancements in the embedded real-time systems. Along with functionalities, the design itself grows more complex. Posed constraints as time, space bounds and energy consumption also require proper handling. In order to enhance the behaviour of such systems, we have developed the I-codesign, a methodology for modelling, partitioning and simulating embedded real-time systems. the tasks in this methodology are described with a probabilistic manner and characterized with real-time parameters. A new partitioning technique aims at each of its three phases to respect firstly the inclusion/exclusion parameters, secondly energy and memory constraints and finally verifies real-time constraints. the output of I-codesign is an embedded controller that supervises the behaviour of the executing system and schedule the implementation/configurations of the software.

关键词： Co-design Methodology real-time embedded systems Partitioning Probabilistic Software

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real-time Scheduling for 3D GPU Rendering 11

Real-time Scheduling for 3D GPU Rendering

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11th IEEE international Symposium on Industrial embedded systems (SIES)

作者： Schnitzer, Stephan Gansel, Simon Duerr, Frank Rothermel, Kurt Univ Stuttgart Inst Parallel & Distributed Syst Stuttgart Germany Daimler AG Mercedes Benz Cars Div Syst Architecture & Platforms Dept Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781509022823

3D graphical functions in cars enjoy growing popularity. For instance, analog instruments of the instrument cluster are replaced by digital 3D displays as shown by Mercedes-Benz in the F125 prototype car. the trend to use 3D applications expands into two directions: towards more safety-relevant applications such as the speedometer and towards third-party applications, e.g., from an app store. In order to save cost, energy, and installation space, all these applications should share a single GPU. GPU sharing brings up the problem of providing real-time guarantees for rendering content of time-sensitive applications like the speedometer. To solve this problem, we present a real-time GPU scheduling framework which provides strong guarantees for critical applications while still giving as much GPU resources to less important applications as possible, thus ensuring a high GPU utilization. Since current GPUs are not preemptible, we use the estimated execution time of each GPU rendering job to make the scheduling decisions. Our evaluations show that our scheduler guarantees given real-time constraints, while achieving a high GPU utilization of 97 %. Moreover, scheduling is performed highly efficient in real-time with less than 10 mu s latency.

关键词： real-time GPU scheduling 3D rendering automotive HMI embedded systems

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Task-FIFO Co-Scheduling of Streaming applications on MPSoCs with Predictable Memory Hierarchy

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON embedded computing systems 2017年第2期16卷 49-49页

作者： Tang, Qi Basten, Twan Geilen, Marc Stuijk, Sander Wei, Ji-Bo Natl Univ Def Technol Dept Elect Sci & Engn Deya Rd 109 Changsha 410073 Hunan Peoples R China Eindhoven Univ Technol Dept Elect Engn Dolech 2POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands TNO Embedded Syst Innovat Dolech 2POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands

this article studies the scheduling of real-time streaming applications on multiprocessor systems-on-chips with predictable memory hierarchy. An iteration-based task-FIFO co-scheduling framework is proposed for this problem. We obtain FIFO size distributions using Pareto space searching, based on which the task-toprocessor mapping is obtained with the potential FIFO allocation being taken into account;then, the FIFO-to-memory allocation is optimized to minimize the total memory access cost;finally, a self-timed throughput analysis method that considers memory and direct memory access controller contention is utilized to analyze the throughput. Our methods are validated by a set of synthesized and practical applications on different platforms.

关键词： SDFG FIFO scratch pad memory self-timed scheduling

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Localization and Mapping Algorithms Implemented on a Low-Power embedded Architectures: A Case Study 5

Localization and Mapping Algorithms Implemented on a Low-Pow...

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5th international conference on Multimedia computing and systems (ICMCS)

作者： Abouzahir, Mohamed Latif, Rachid Tajer, Abdelouahed Elouardi, Abdelhafid Bouaziz, Samir ENSA ESSI Agadir Morocco ENSA Marrakech Morocco Paris Saclay Univ Univ Paris Sud SATIE Digiteo LabsCNRSUMR 8029 BAT 660 F-91405 Orsay France

ISBN: (纸本)9781509051465

In this paper we evaluate the promise held by low-power embedded architectures to implement SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) algorithms. We map and implement 4 SLAM algorithms, that find utility in very different robot applications and autonomous navigation, on an embedded architecture. Our results show that low-power embedded architectures are indeed, sometimes, attractive alternative for some SLAM algorithms. At the same time, efficient software optimizations are mandatory to allow a real-time execution.

关键词： embedded Architectures SLAM Algorithms Performances Evaluation

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GPU-based Visual Odometry for Autonomous Vehicle applications 2017

GPU-based Visual Odometry for Autonomous Vehicle Application...

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Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Distributed Smart Cameras

作者： J. A. de Jesús Osuna-Coutiño Abiel Aguilar-González Miguel Arias-Estrada Instituto Nacional de Astrofíosica Óptica y Electrónica (INAOE) Tonantzintla Mexico Instituto Nacional de Astrofíosica Óptica y Electrónica (INAOE) Tonantzintla Mexico and Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA) Institut Pascal Clermont-Ferrand France

ISBN: (纸本)9781450354875

One popular task under several computer vision applications is camera pose estimation under video sequences. In previous work, several camera pose estimations approaches have been developed and several algorithms have been proposed. Unfortunately, most previous formulations iterative behavior and depend on nonlinear optimizations applied over some geometric constraint and this limits the performance under embedded applications. For real-time embedded applications, another approach, more efficient in terms of computational size and processing speed could be reached via hardware-based solutions, for example GPU-based solutions. In this work, we present a GPU-based solution for the camera pose problem. As early formulation we focused our algorithm for an autonomous vehicle application. Preliminary results are encouraging and show the viability of the proposed approach.

关键词： GPU embedded systems Camera pose

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