Over the years we are witnessing and ever increasing demand for functionality enhancements in the embeddedreal-timesystems. Along with functionalities, the design itself grows more complex. Posed constraints as time...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9789897581946
Over the years we are witnessing and ever increasing demand for functionality enhancements in the embeddedreal-timesystems. Along with functionalities, the design itself grows more complex. Posed constraints as time, space bounds and energy consumption also require proper handling. In order to enhance the behaviour of such systems, we have developed the I-codesign, a methodology for modelling, partitioning and simulating embeddedreal-timesystems. the tasks in this methodology are described with a probabilistic manner and characterized withreal-time parameters. A new partitioning technique aims at each of its three phases to respect firstly the inclusion/exclusion parameters, secondly energy and memory constraints and finally verifies real-time constraints. the output of I-codesign is an embedded controller that supervises the behaviour of the executing system and schedule the implementation/configurations of the software.
3D graphical functions in cars enjoy growing popularity. For instance, analog instruments of the instrument cluster are replaced by digital 3D displays as shown by Mercedes-Benz in the F125 prototype car. the trend to...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781509022823
3D graphical functions in cars enjoy growing popularity. For instance, analog instruments of the instrument cluster are replaced by digital 3D displays as shown by Mercedes-Benz in the F125 prototype car. the trend to use 3D applications expands into two directions: towards more safety-relevant applications such as the speedometer and towards third-party applications, e.g., from an app store. In order to save cost, energy, and installation space, all these applications should share a single GPU. GPU sharing brings up the problem of providing real-time guarantees for rendering content of time-sensitive applications like the speedometer. To solve this problem, we present a real-time GPU scheduling framework which provides strong guarantees for critical applications while still giving as much GPU resources to less important applications as possible, thus ensuring a high GPU utilization. Since current GPUs are not preemptible, we use the estimated execution time of each GPU rendering job to make the scheduling decisions. Our evaluations show that our scheduler guarantees given real-time constraints, while achieving a high GPU utilization of 97 %. Moreover, scheduling is performed highly efficient in real-time with less than 10 mu s latency.
In this paper we evaluate the promise held by low-power embedded architectures to implement SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) algorithms. We map and implement 4 SLAM algorithms, that find utility in very di...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781509051465
In this paper we evaluate the promise held by low-power embedded architectures to implement SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) algorithms. We map and implement 4 SLAM algorithms, that find utility in very different robot applications and autonomous navigation, on an embedded architecture. Our results show that low-power embedded architectures are indeed, sometimes, attractive alternative for some SLAM algorithms. At the same time, efficient software optimizations are mandatory to allow a real-time execution.
One popular task under several computer vision applications is camera pose estimation under video sequences. In previous work, several camera pose estimations approaches have been developed and several algorithms have...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781450354875
One popular task under several computer vision applications is camera pose estimation under video sequences. In previous work, several camera pose estimations approaches have been developed and several algorithms have been proposed. Unfortunately, most previous formulations iterative behavior and depend on nonlinear optimizations applied over some geometric constraint and this limits the performance under embeddedapplications. For real-timeembeddedapplications, another approach, more efficient in terms of computational size and processing speed could be reached via hardware-based solutions, for example GPU-based solutions. In this work, we present a GPU-based solution for the camera pose problem. As early formulation we focused our algorithm for an autonomous vehicle application. Preliminary results are encouraging and show the viability of the proposed approach.
the Internet of things (IOT) is a comparatively recent concept of systems where Internet-enabled "things" in the physical world equipped with sensors, actuators and capable of interacting withthe environmen...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781467386449
the Internet of things (IOT) is a comparatively recent concept of systems where Internet-enabled "things" in the physical world equipped with sensors, actuators and capable of interacting withthe environment are connected to the Internet for monitoring and control of the "things". the concept has grown enormously during the last one and half decade. the growth of the IoT has influence on everyone and everything, and is expected to make great differences in the next decades. In this paper, an approach of combined voice and gesture control of IoT is proposed. A prototype system based on an ARM Cortex-A8 processor under embedded Linux operating system has been developed for performance study and measurement on a real-time test set-up. Test results show that the system is capable of recognizing hand gestures and voice commands on real-time frame for controlling ZigBee-enabled devices over the wireless communication channel.
the increasing complexity of real-timeembeddedsystems (RTES) should be met with equally sophisticated design methods. the recent Unified Modeling Language (UML) profile for Modeling and Analysis of real-time Embedde...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9789897581946
the increasing complexity of real-timeembeddedsystems (RTES) should be met with equally sophisticated design methods. the recent Unified Modeling Language (UML) profile for Modeling and Analysis of real-timeembeddedsystems (MARTE) is well adapted for systems modeling. However along withthe variety of schedulability analysis tools, bridging the gap between design models and meta-models of the documented scheduling analysis tools becomes an important issue. In this paper, we discuss a Model To Text (M2T) transformation for enabling the derivation of schedulability analysis models from UML/MARTE models. the generated model for schedulability analysis represents an input for an analysis tool. As a proof of concepts, we present the implemented code and experimental results.
this paper presents a memory allocation scheme that provides efficient dynamic memory allocation and defragmentation for embeddedsystems lacking a Memory Management Unit (MMU). Using as main criteria the efficiency i...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781509022823
this paper presents a memory allocation scheme that provides efficient dynamic memory allocation and defragmentation for embeddedsystems lacking a Memory Management Unit (MMU). Using as main criteria the efficiency in handling both external and internal memory fragmentation, as well as the requirements of soft real-timeapplications in constraint-embeddedsystems, the proposed solution of memory management delivers a more precise memory allocation process. the proposed Adaptive Memory Management Scheme (AMM) maintains a balance between performance and efficiency, withthe objective to increase the amount of usable memory in MMU-less embeddedsystems with a bounded and acceptable timing behavior. By maximizing memory utilization, embeddedsystemsapplications can optimize their performance in time-critical tasks and meet the demands of Internet-of-things (IoT) solutions, without undergoing memory leaks and unexpected failures. Its use requires no hardware MMU, and requires few or no manual changes to application software. the proposed scheme is evaluated providing encouraging results regarding performance and reliability compared to the default memory allocator. Allocation of fixed and random size blocks delivers a speedup ranging from 2x to 5x over the standard GLIBC allocator, while the de-allocation process is only 20% percent slower, but provides a perfect (0%) defragmented memory.
this paper focuses on the Firm real-time requirements of time-Critical Wide Area Measurement and Control systems, that are expected to play a major role in future Smart Grids. It analyses the operation of these system...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781841024103
this paper focuses on the Firm real-time requirements of time-Critical Wide Area Measurement and Control systems, that are expected to play a major role in future Smart Grids. It analyses the operation of these systems and identifies their communication traffic characteristics. It shows that these characteristics are significantly different to those of the current Near real-time Wide Area Measurement applicationsthat provide visualization to support manual grid control. It then discusses the performance evaluation of these time critical systems and presents the first stage in a body of work aimed at developing models and techniques to carry out the performance evaluation process. It presents some preliminary results and outlines the direction for future work.
A real-time system should operate correctly within deadlines. A failure in response will lead to loss of human life or a big damage to the property. the systems are sometimes considered only mission critical, with mis...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781467382861
A real-time system should operate correctly within deadlines. A failure in response will lead to loss of human life or a big damage to the property. the systems are sometimes considered only mission critical, with mission being very expensive. A Mission Critical System needs study realtime software which is highly complex and is vital for the success of the mission. the mission capability depends on this software and proves catastrophic in case of any failure. the software design of real-time system is very complex. To keep in pace with today's modern computing technology the real-time software should adopt new software design methodologies. this paper brings out a comparison of various design methodologies that has evolved over time. the shortcomings of each method to satisfy the requirements of real-time system and the need for a generalized approach as Design patterns.
the proceedings contain 39 papers. the topics discussed include: a framework based on real-time os and multi-agents for intelligent autonomous robot competitions;cyber/physical co-design in practice: case studies in M...
ISBN:
(纸本)9781509022823
the proceedings contain 39 papers. the topics discussed include: a framework based on real-time os and multi-agents for intelligent autonomous robot competitions;cyber/physical co-design in practice: case studies in MetroII;conformance checking for programmable logic controller programs and specifications;sample-drop firmness analysis of TDMA-scheduled control applications;energy efficient mapping of mixed criticality applications on unrelated heterogeneous multicore platforms;EDF schedulability test for the E-TDL time-triggered framework;a soft real-time scheduling framework for wireless industrial sensor actuator networks;minimizing stack usage for AUTOSAR/OSEK'S restricted fixed-priority preemption threshold support;system-level timing feasibility test for cyber-physical automotive systems;probabilistic analysis of cache memories and cache memories impacts on multicore embeddedsystems;static probabilistic timing analysis in presence of faults;MIPP: a microbenchmark suite for performance, power, and energy consumption characterization of GPU architectures;hardware runtime verification of embedded software in SoPC;efficient algorithms for memory management in embedded vision systems;further analysis on blocking time bounds for partitioned fixed priority multiprocessor scheduling;and embeddedsystems in the application of fog computing - levee monitoring use.
暂无评论