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检索条件"任意字段=11th International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications"

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An overview of the VigilNet architecture

An overview of the VigilNet architecture

引用

IEEE international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Tian He Liqian Luo Ting Yan Lin Gu Qing Cao Gang Zhou R. Stoleru P. Vicaire Qiuhua Cao J.A. Stankovic S.H. Son T.F. Abdelzaher Department of Computer Science University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA

Battlefield surveillance often involves a high element of risk for military operators. Hence, it is very important for the military to execute unmanned surveillance by using large-scale wireless sensor systems. this invited paper summarizes the architecture of the VigilNet system - a long-term real-time networked sensor system for military surveillance. Specifically, we review the design of several major subsystems within VigilNet including sensing and classification, localization, tracking, networking, power management, reconfiguration, graphic user interface, and the debugging subsystem. High-level programming abstractions are also presented. this is a balanced design to achieve realtime response, high confidence detection, accurate tracking and energy efficiency simultaneously.

关键词： Surveillance Sensor systems Large-scale systems Wireless sensor networks real time systems Energy management Power system management Graphics User interfaces Debugging

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Adaptive energy-aware design of a multi-bank flash-memory storage system

Adaptive energy-aware design of a multi-bank flash-memory st...

引用

IEEE international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Yehua Du Ming Cai Jinxiang Dong Institute of Artificial Intelligence University of Zhejiang Hangzhou China

An architectural solution to reducing energy consumption of flash-memory storage system is to take advantage of a multi-bank architecture instead of a single-bank one. thus, allowing unused banks to be placed into low-power operating modes can help reduce energy. In this paper, an adaptive energy-aware bank assignment policy is proposed to cluster data with temporal affinity into the same bank, increasing the number of banks put into low-power modes. then we propose an energy-aware garbage collection policy, which could keep banks in idle conditions for long durations of time to compensate for resynchronization penalties. Experiments over the prototype show the effectiveness of these policies and indicate that large energy savings can be achieved with low overhead.

关键词： Energy storage embedded system Energy consumption Power system reliability Delay Artificial intelligence Prototypes Nonvolatile memory Energy resolution Degradation

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LyraNET: a zero-copy TCP/IP protocol stack for embedded operating systems

LyraNET: a zero-copy TCP/IP protocol stack for embedded oper...

引用

IEEE international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Yun-Chen Li Mei-Ling Chiang Department of Information Management National Chi Nan University Puli Taiwan

embedded systems are usually resource limited in terms of processing power, memory, and power consumption, thus embedded TCP/IP should be designed to make the best use of limited resources. Applying zero-copy mechanism can reduce memory usage and CPU processing time for data transmission. Power consumption can be reduced as well. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of zero-copy mechanism in the target embedded TCP/IP component, LyraNET, which is derived from Linux TCP/IP codes and remodeled as a reusable software component that is independent from operating systems and hardware. Performance evaluation shows that TCP/IP protocol processing overhead can be significantly decreased by 23-56.22%. Besides, object code size of this network component is only 78% of the size of the original Linux TCP/IP stack. the experience of this study can serve as the reference for embedding Linux TCP/IP stack into a target system and improving the transmission efficiency of Linux TCP/IP by zero-copy implementation.

关键词： TCPIP Protocols Operating systems Linux Energy consumption embedded system Data communication embedded software Software reusability Hardware

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Quasi-static scheduling for multiprocessor real-time systems with hard and soft tasks

Quasi-static scheduling for multiprocessor real-time systems...

引用

IEEE international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： L.A. Cortes P. Eles Zebo Peng Volvo Truck Corporation Gothenburg Sweden Linköping University Linkoping Sweden

We address in this paper the problem of scheduling for multiprocessor real-time systems with hard and soft tasks. Utility functions are associated to soft tasks to capture their relative importance and how the quality of results is affected when a soft deadline is missed. the problem is to find a task execution order that maximizes the total utility and guarantees the hard deadlines. In order to account for actual execution times, we consider time intervals for tasks rather than fixed execution times. A single static schedule computed offline is pessimistic, while a purely online approach, which computes a new schedule every time a task completes, incurs an unacceptable overhead. We propose therefore a quasi-static solution where a number of schedules are computed at design-time, leaving for run-time only the selection of a particular schedule, based on the actual execution times. We propose an exact algorithm as well as heuristics that tackle the time and memory complexity of the problem. We evaluate our approach through synthetic examples and a realistic application.

关键词： real time systems Processor scheduling Runtime Multimedia systems Delay Resource management Videoconference Streaming media Multiprocessing systems

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Distributed real-time processing for humanoid robots

Distributed real-time processing for humanoid robots

引用

IEEE international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： T. Matsui H. Hirukawa Y. Ishikawa N. Yamasaki S. Kagami F. Kanehiro H. Saito T. Inamura Digital Human Research Center AIST Tokyo Japan Research Institute of Intelligent Systems AIST Tsukuba Japan Department of Computer Science University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Information and Computer Science Keio University Yokohama Japan

A humanoid robot is a real-time system controlled by a complex computer system that requires huge computing power for perception and planning, high energy efficiency for self-contained control, reduction of physical dimensions, and high reliability. this paper proposes a distributed architecture for the humanoid robot control substituting conventional centralized control architectures. In addition to the parallelism that provides scalable computing power at low clock namely at low energy, the distributed architecture contributes to reliable operations by replacing many fragile analog signal wires with a digital network with redundant routes. In order to accomplish a real-time control over the network, RMTP (responsive multi-threaded processor) for parallel and real-time computation has been newly designed. RMTP can synchronize more than thirty nodes distributed over a robot body in less than 5 micro second with a real time network called the responsive link (RL). Architectures of RMTP, RL and Linux-based real-time system software are presented.

关键词： Humanoid robots Computer architecture real time systems Control systems Physics computing Power system reliability Centralized control Computer networks Concurrent computing Power system planning

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Active antenna measurement system with high speed time synchronization

Active antenna measurement system with high speed time synch...

引用

Joint 9th international conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced applications, ICEAA 2005 and 11th European Electromagnetic Structures conference, EESC 2005

作者： Shmidov, Lior Hizkiahou, Shali Orbit/Fr-Israel P.O. Box 8657 Netanya 42504 Israel Gaus Software and Systems 159 Yigal-Alon st. Tel-Aviv Israel

ISBN: (纸本)8882020932

Phased arrays antennas are designed to control their radiation characteristics by accurately setting the phase and amplitude distribution of the elements. Inaccurate control of the phase and amplitude can significantly alter the radiation pattern of an array. In fact, the operating principle of scanning arrays of elements for applications such as target tracking or mobile satellite communications, where the requirements for low side lobes and high gain are of very high importance, is primarily based on precise control of the phase and amplitude of the elements. For these reasons, the complexity of antenna measurement system design for phased array antennas measurements involves high accuracy and precise time synchronization between all the components of the system. this paper presents a comprehensive solution for accurate and reliable measurement of very large phased array antennas at high frequencies. the presented solution addresses the following issues: •Accurate positioning of the RF sensor / probe. •High-speed multi - frequency data collection. •High-speed multi port data collection. •Programmable and real-time TTL position event triggers. •Pulse measurement. •Multi beam measurement. •Synchronization with the radar computer.

关键词： Antenna phased arrays

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Priority-driven coding of progressive JPEG images for transmission in real-time applications

Priority-driven coding of progressive JPEG images for transm...

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IEEE international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： A. Mo Kim Cheng Feng Shang Real-Time Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science University of Houston TX USA

Since high-quality image/video systems based on the JPEG/MPEG compression standards often require power-expensive implementations at relatively high bit-rates, they have not been widely used in low-power wireless applications. To alleviate this problem, we designed, implemented, and evaluated a strategy that can adapt to different compression and transmission rates. (I) It gives important parts of an image higher priority over unimportant parts. therefore, the high-priority parts can achieve high image quality, while the low-priority parts, with a slight sacrifice of quality, can achieve huge compression rate and thus save the power/energy of a low-power wireless system. (2) We also introduce a priority-driven scheduling approach into our coding algorithm, which makes the transmission of important parts earlier with more data than other parts. through a balanced trade-off between the available time/bandwidth/power and the image quality, this adaptive strategy can satisfy users with desired images quality and lead to a significant reduction of the important parts' deadline misses.

关键词： Image coding Transform coding real time systems Image quality Bandwidth Application software Video compression Image storage Telephony Laboratories

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Data collection with battery and buffer consideration in a large scale sensor network

Data collection with battery and buffer consideration in a l...

引用

IEEE international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Deji Chen A.K. Mok Jianliang Yi M. Nixon T. Aneweer R. Shepard Emerson Process Management Austin TX USA Department of Computer Sciences University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA

In a pure sensor network thousands of sensors are distributed over a large area. Sensor data is relayed from sensor node to node until it reaches the edge node, where it is then routed by wire to the host. In this paper we study the effect of data collection on the battery and buffer of a sensor node, and on the overall sensor network. We determine the relationship among battery life, sampling frequency, buffer size, etc. We claim that using identical sensors throughout a large scale sensor network may not achieve the best result. We suggest some guidelines for deploying a large scale sensor network. We then propose routing algorithms that are robust, truly distributed, and efficient in utilizing the sensor network.

关键词： Batteries Intelligent networks Large-scale systems Packaging Routing Data communication Energy consumption Relays Distributed power generation Sensor systems and applications

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RTZen: Highly predictable, real-time java middleware for distributed and embedded systems

RTZen: Highly predictable, real-time java middleware for dis...

引用

ACM/IFIP/USENIX 6th international Middleware conference, Middleware 2005

作者： Raman, Krishna Zhang, Yue Panahi, Mark Colmenares, Juan A. Klefstad, Raymond Harmon, Trevor Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Irvine CA 92697 United States Applied Computing Institute College of Engineering University of Zulia

ISBN: (纸本)3540303235

Distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) applications possess stringent quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as predictability, latency, and throughput constraints. real-time CORBA, an open middleware standard, allows DRE applications to allocate, schedule, and control resources to ensure predictable end-to-end QoS. the real-time Specification for Java (RTSJ) has been developed to provide extensions to Java so that it can be used for real-time systems, in order to bring Java's advantages, such as portability and ease of use, to real-time applications. In this paper, we describe RTZen, an implementation of a real-time CORBA Object Request Broker (ORB), designed to comply with the restrictions imposed by RTSJ. RTZen is designed to eliminate the un-predictability caused by garbage collection and improper support for thread scheduling through the use of appropriate data structures, threading models, and memory scopes. RTZen's architecture is also designed to hide the complexities of RTSJ related to distributed programming from the application developer. Empirical results show that RTZen is highly predictable and has acceptable performance. RTZen therefore demon-strates that real-time CORBA middleware implemented in real-time Java can meet stringent QoS requirements of DRE applications, while supporting safer, easier, cheaper, and faster development in real-time Java. © IFIP international Federation for Information processing 2005.

关键词： Middleware

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real time concurrency control for data intensive applications

Real time concurrency control for data intensive application...

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IEEE international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： C.P.M. Lau V.C.S. Lee Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong China

A new class of data-intensive applications has received wide attention. In these applications, monitoring junctions can be performed by executing pre-registered transactions periodically using data from external sources in the form of continuous data streams and producing updates as temporal data in the database. For this type of continuous transactions, the data access pattern has to be declared before submission. To keep the database fresh, these transactions must be processed in a timely fashion. However, it is also desirable to execute other one-time transactions that may use these temporal data within their deadlines. Traditional DBMS are not designed to support such applications. the theme of this paper is to propose new concurrency control protocols to process these types of transactions with competing requirements. the challenge of this work is to balance database freshness and transaction performance. Although there is a number of similar previous works in the literature, they did not consider the presence of continuous transactions and therefore the issue of data dependency between these two types of transactions is not addressed. the simulation results show that our protocols can significantly improve the performance of one-time transactions while keeping the database fresh.

关键词： Concurrency control Transaction databases Protocols Application software Sensor phenomena and characterization real time systems Computerized monitoring Analytical models Spatial databases Performance analysis

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