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A fair and space-efficient mutual exclusion

A fair and space-efficient mutual exclusion

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international conference on Parallel and Distributed systems (ICPADS)

作者： Sheng-Hsiung Chen Ting-Lu Huang Department Computer Science & Info. Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

For shared memory systems with time and resource constraints such as embedded real-time systems, mutual exclusion mechanism that is both fair and space-efficient can be very useful. In this paper, we present a bounded-bypass algorithm using only two shared variables, regardless of the number of contending processes, by operation fetch&store as well as atomic read/write. To achieve the same level of fairness, we show that, by the same set of operations, two shared variables are necessary, and therefore our algorithm is space-optimal.

关键词： time factors real time systems Multiprocessing systems Resource management Surges Automotive engineering Control systems Mobile computing embedded computing Home computing

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Adaptive background evaluation for foreground detection with gaussian distribution, a fast approach 11

Adaptive background evaluation for foreground detection with...

引用

11th international conference on Distributed Multimedia systems, DMS 2005

作者： Bailo, Gianluca Ijas, Paivi Raggio, Marco Sguanci, Fabio Department of Biophysical and Electronic Engineering University of Genova Via Opera Pia 11 A Genova16146 Italy

ISBN: (纸本)1891706179

Adaptive background updating is one of the methods used to detect moving objects in video sequences. Many techniques have been presented in this field but there are few mentions about the usage of these methods in real- time applications. We concentrate in the speed of the algorithm and present a method that is fast enough to be used in video surveillance systems. We started from the ideas presented by Gaussian distribution for background generation. Instead of using actively all the pixels in the image we divide the pixels into active and inactive ones. Gaussian distributions are used to model the history of active pixels and to state whether they belong to background or foreground. According to the classification of the previous active pixel also the inactive pixels are classified as a part of the background or foreground. We also reduce the frame frequency and use only every nth frame in the image sequence to construct adaptive background. this article is organised as follows: In Chapter 1 some of the previous work and their results are introduced. In Chapter 2 we first describe the method used by Stauffer and Grimson [3] and then present our new ideas. the results are explained in Chapter 3 and finally a conclusion is given. © 2005 by Knowledge systems Institute Graduate School.

关键词： Gaussian distribution

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Status of the CAS/HKUST joint project BLOSSOMS

Status of the CAS/HKUST joint project BLOSSOMS

引用

IEEE international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： L.M. Ni Li Cui Qiong Luo Hoilun Ngan Ze Zhao Department of Computer Science Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Kowloon Hong Kong China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China

In March 2004, recognizing the importance of sensor networks, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology launched a joint effort to investigate both fundamental and practical research issues in sensor networks. the goal of this research is to build lightweight optimized sensor systems on a massive scale, namely the BLOSSOMS project. the objective of this research project is to identify research issues at all levels from practical applications down to the design of sensor nodes. this paper reports the status of the project as of April 2005. First, other than making MOTE-compatible sensor nodes, this project has studied the hardware and software co-design and the associated "sensor node on a chip" technology with the aim to make sensor nodes small in size, light in weight, cheap in cost, and low in power consumption. Second, additional toolkits for simulation/emulation and evaluation of sensor networks have been developed to support research at different levels. third, a number of applications have been investigated and implemented since the launch of this project, and this paper will address two of them. One is an embedded remote health care system based on wireless sensor network technologies to introduce a scalable wireless personal medical network around human's body. the other is a moving object counting system based on an ultrasonic sensor network, which can be used but not limited to crowd estimation and traffic monitoring and coordination.

关键词： Content addressable storage Sensor systems Wireless sensor networks Application software Hardware Costs Energy consumption Emulation Medical services Telecommunication traffic

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11th international conference on Distributed Multimedia systems, DMS 2005

11th International Conference on Distributed Multimedia Syst...

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11th international conference on Distributed Multimedia systems, DMS 2005

ISBN: (纸本)1891706179

the proceedings contain 87 papers. the special focus in this conference is on Multimedia content analysis, Retrieval and watermarking, Visual and multidimensional languages for multimedia applications, Invited session on E-learning, E-commerce, E-education and E-entertainment, Web server and services, Mobile networks, mobile computing and mobile agents and Multimedia HCI. the topics include: Adaptive background evaluation for foreground detection with Gaussian distribution, a fast approach;composite algorithms image content searches;rotation and scale invariant color image retrieval using fuzzy clustering;an image watermarking procedure based on XML document;synchronization in multimedia languages for distributed systems;uncertain topological relations for mobile point objects in terrain;visual languages for non expert instructional designers;towards a multimedia ontology system;the image stack stream model, querying and architecture;SSRI online first experiences in a three-years course degree offered in e-learning at the university of Milan(Italy);a web-based architecture for tracking multimedia using SCORM;a GQM based E-learning platform evaluation;time management for senior citizen care;integrating e-business and e-learning processes;a personalized E-learning system based on user profile constructed using information fusion;the research and implementation of semantic based RDF tagging and webpage searching web service;a planning approach to media adaption within the semantic web;using agent technology to improve the quality of artificial intelligence instruction;mobility in file sharing;a 3D interaction metaphor for remote control of smart home systems and rapidly prototyping multimedia groupware.

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Reconfigurable platform for content science research

Reconfigurable platform for content science research

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IEEE international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Chi-Sheng Shih Chia-Lin Yang Mong-Kai Ku Tei-Wei Kuo Shao-Yi Chien Yao-Wen Chang Liang-Gee Chen Graduate Institute of Networking and Multimedia Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Electronic Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Electronics Research and Service Organization Industrial Technology and Research Institute Hsin Taiwan

the College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the National Taiwan University has identified the area of content science for media-rich life, broadly construed, as one of core areas for the college's future directions. One major aspect of this project is to develop the enabling technology for reconfigurable platforms for multimedia applications. Specifically, the goal is to develop reconfigurable platforms of system-on-a-chip (SoC) components for the applications to support the needs of multi-modal multimedia contents and to provide rapid system prototyping. the faculties in the College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science have formed a multi-discipline team to develop such technology. Our team includes seven faculties and more than thirty students from the college. this short report describes the reconfigurable platform for content science research activities currently underway by our team. Our current activities include to develop the technology to analyze the critical path for avoiding hardware contention, to minimize the use of logic components, to design the multimedia IPs, to optimally route the bus and place the logic units, to design energy efficient cache, to evaluate the performance and power consumption, to design the algorithm for temporal floor-planning/placement.

关键词： Educational institutions Algorithm design and analysis Computer science Application software System-on-a-chip Logic design Reconfigurable logic Multimedia systems Prototypes Performance analysis

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Designing a high performance and low energy-consuming embedded system with considering code compressed environments

Designing a high performance and low energy-consuming embedd...

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IEEE international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Ching-Wen Chen Chang-Jung Ku Chih-Hung Chang Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chaoyang University of Technology Taiwan

In this paper, we present an embedded system design which is cost-efficient and which considers performance improvement and power consumption based on the frequency with which instructions are executed. We use the locality of running programs to optimize the use of memory space, system performance, and power consumption; that is, we compress infrequently executed codes to save the use of memory space but compress (encode) frequently executed codes to power consumption and maximize performance. To save the number of memory access times, the frequently executed instructions are encoded as shorter code words and then the continuous code words are packed into a pseudo instruction. Once the decompression engine fetches one pseudo instruction, it can extract multiple instructions to reduce the number of memory access times. In addition, we also propose a design with multiple look-ahead tables that solves the problem which arises due to the reduction in instructions from one-time memory access which occurs because the great amount of frequently executed instructions. From our simulation results, our method with one 256-instruction look-ahead table does not increase the compression ratio, and the ratio of the power consumption can be reduced by about 47.23% than compressing all instructions. With regard to multiple look-ahead table methods, when one 512-instruction look-ahead table is used, the ratio of the power consumption is reduced by 37.25% only, however, when two look-ahead tables that contain 256 instructions in each table are used, the power consumption can be improved by 49.36%. According to the simulation results, our proposed methods based on the frequencies of executed instructions result in low power consumption, performance improvement and reduced memory space.

关键词： embedded system Energy consumption Design engineering Power engineering and energy Computer science Chaos Engines Frequency System performance embedded computing

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Minimizing Energy via Loop Scheduling and DVS for Multi-Core embedded systems

Minimizing Energy via Loop Scheduling and DVS for Multi-Core...

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international conference on Parallel and Distributed systems (ICPADS)

作者： Ying Chen Zili Shao Q. Zhuge Chun Xue Bin Xiao E.H.-M. Sha Department of CSET Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China Department of CS University of Texas Dallas Richardson TX USA Department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong China

Low energy consumptions are extremely important in real-time embedded systems, and scheduling is one of the techniques used to obtain lower energy consumptions. In this paper, we propose loop scheduling algorithms for minimizing energy based on rotation scheduling and DVS (dynamic voltage and frequency scaling) for real-time multi-core embedded systems. the experimental results show that our algorithms have better performances than list scheduling and pure ILP (integer linear programming) scheduling with DVS

关键词： Voltage control embedded system Processor scheduling Energy consumption Scheduling algorithm real time systems Dynamic voltage scaling Signal processing algorithms Delay threshold voltage

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A state-space search approach for optimizing reliability and cost of execution in distributed sensor networks 1

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7th international Workshop on Distributed computing, IWDC 2005

作者： Sekhar, Archana Manoj, B.S. Siva Ram Murthy, C. McKinsey and Company Mumbai 400 021 India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California at San Diego San Diego CA 92093 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600 036 India

ISBN: (数字)9783540324287

ISBN: (纸本)3540309594

Sensor networks are increasingly being used for applications which require fast processing of data, such as multimedia processing. Distributed computing can be used on a sensor network to reduce the completion time of a task and distribute the energy consumption equitably across all sensors. the distribution of task modules to sensors should consider not only the time and energy savings, but must also improve reliability of the entire task execution. We formulate the above as an optimization problem, and use the A* algorithm with improvements to determine an optimal static allocation of modules among a set of sensors. We also suggest a faster but suboptimal algorithm, called the greedy A* algorithm. Both algorithms have been simulated, and the results have been compared in terms of energy savings, decrease in completion time of the task, and the deviation of the sub-optimal solution from the optimal one. the sub-optimal solution required 8-35% less computation, at the cost of 2.5-15% deviation from the optimal solution in terms of average energy spent per sensor node. Both the A* and greedy A* algorithms have been shown to distribute energy consumption more uniformly across sensors than centralized execution. the greedy A* algorithm is found to be scalable, as the number of evaluations in determining the allocation increases linearly with the number of sensors. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005.

关键词： Distributed computer systems

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Developing Java grid applications with Ibis

Developing Java grid applications with Ibis

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11th international Euro-Par conference

作者： van Reeuwijk, K van Nieuwpoort, R Bal, H Vrije Univ Amsterdam NL-1081 HV Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)3540287000

Ibis' is a programming environment for the development of grid applications in Java. We aim to support a wide range of applications and parallel platforms, so our example programs should also go beyond small benchmarks, In this paper we describe a number of larger applications we have developed to evaluate Ibis' suitability for writing grid applications: a cellular automata simulator, a solver for the Satisfiability problem, and grammar-based text analysis. We give an overview of the applications, we describe their implementation, and we show performance results on a number of parallel platforms, ranging from a large supercomputer cluster to a real global grid testbed. Since all of these applications require communication between the processors during execution, it is not surprising that a supercomputer cluster proved to be the most effective platform. However, all of our applications were also efficient on a wide-area cluster system, and some of them even on a grid testbed. Since grid systems are usually only used for trivially parallel systems, we consider these results an encouraging sign that Ibis is indeed an effective environment for grid computing. In particular because for two of the three of the applications the parallelisation required very little additional program code.

关键词： Distributed computer systems

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Adaptive joint source-channel coding for real-time video applications over wireless IP networks 11

Adaptive joint source-channel coding for real-time video app...

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11th international conference on Distributed Multimedia systems, DMS 2005

作者： Qu, Qi Pei, Yong Modestino, James W. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego La JollaCA92093 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Miami Coral GablesFL33124 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Wright State University DaytonOH45435 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1891706179

In this work we consider the delivery of H.264-coded video over future 3G wireless IP networks and we propose an adaptive motion-based unequal error protection (UEP) video coding/transmission system which can exploit knowledge of the source material as well as the channel operating conditions. Given this information, the proposed system can adaptively adjust the operating parameters of the video source encoder and the forward error correction (FEC) channel encoder to maximize the delivered video quality based upon both application-layer motion estimates and link-layer channel estimates. We demonstrate the efficacy of this approach using the ITU-T H.264 video source coder and the results indicate that a significant performance improvement, measured in terms of end-to-end PSNR, can be achieved compared to representative non-adaptive approaches. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this adaptive motion-based scheme can provide comparable performance to an R-D optimized adaptive comparison system, but with substantially reduced computational complexity. © 2005 by Knowledge systems Institute Graduate School.

关键词： Error correction

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