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Mathematical abstraction in a simple programming tool for parallel embedded systems 1

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15th international conference on Parallel computing Technologies, PaCT 2019

作者： Mayer-Lindenberg, Fritz Technical University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany

ISBN: (数字)9783030256364

ISBN: (纸本)9783030256357

We explain the application of a mathematical abstraction to arrive at a simple tool for a variety of parallel embedded systems. the intended target systems are networks of processors used in numeric applications such as digital signal processing and robotics. the processors can include mixes of simple processors configured on an FPGA (field programmable gate array) operating on various number codes. To cope with such hardware and to be able to implement numeric computations with some ease, a new language, π-Nets, was needed and supported by a compiler. Compilation builds on a netlist identifying the processors available for the particular application. It also integrates facilities to simulate entire many-threaded applications to analyze for the precision and the specified timing. the main focus of the paper will be on the language design, however, that firmly builds on mathematical considerations. the abstraction chosen to deal with the various codes is to program on the basis of real numbers, and to do so in terms of predefined operations on tuples. A separate step is then needed to execute on some processor. To deal with errors, the number set is enlarged to also contain ‘invalid’ data. Further simplification is through the generous overloading of scalar operations to tuples e.g. used as complex signal vectors. Operating on the reals also fits to high-precision embedded computing or performing computations on one or several PCs. To these features, π-Nets adds simple, non standard structures to handle parallelism and real time control. Finally, there is a simple way to specify the target networks with enough detail to allow for compilation and even modeling configurable, FPGA based components in an original way. the paper concludes by a short presentation of an advanced target and by a funny example program. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： real time control

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Efficient Semantic Segmentation for Visual Bird's-Eye View Interpretation 15th

Efficient Semantic Segmentation for Visual Bird's-Eye View I...

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15th international conference on Intelligent Autonomous systems (IAS)

作者： Saemann, Timo Amende, Karl Milz, Stefan Witt, Christian Simon, Martin Petzold, Johannes Valeo Comft & Driving Assistance Site Kronach Germany Hummendorfer Str 72 D-96317 Kronach Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783030013707;9783030013691

the ability to perform semantic segmentation in real-time capable applications with limited hardware is of great importance. One such application is the interpretation of the visual bird's-eye view, which requires the semantic segmentation of the four omnidirectional camera images. In this paper, we present an efficient semantic segmentation that sets new standards in terms of runtime and hardware requirements. Our two main contributions are the decrease of the runtime by parallelizing the ArgMax layer and the reduction of hardware requirements by applying the channel pruning method to the ENet model.

关键词： Efficient semantic segmentation Channel pruning embedded systems Bird's-eye view generation

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Assessment of computational thinking (CT) in scratch fractal projects: Towards CT-HCI Scaffolds for Analogical-fractal thinking 11

Assessment of computational thinking (CT) in scratch fractal...

引用

11th international conference on Computer Supported Education, CSEDU 2019

作者： Lee, Chien-Sing Jiang, Bo Department of Computing and Information Systems Sunway University Malaysia College of Educational Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9789897583674

Learning from patterns and everyday creativity are two key trends in creative education. However, it is not easy to learn from or to create meaningful patterns. Fractals are repetitive patterns, which can result in interesting outcomes. Patterns can be based on a recursive whole or recursive modifications of decomposable parts of the patterns. However, developing fractals or relating fractals to real-life applications or creative innovations is not that easy. Since pattern recognition, recursion and relation to real-life applications are part of computational thinking (CT), we find potential in assessing CT skills. We scope our research to fractal projects at the Scratch website. We aim to identify correlations between the respective scores for each project’s constructs corresponding to the respective total CT scores and to identify important human-computer interaction principles in scaffolding CT/fractal/fractal thinking development. Significance lies in identification of HCI design factors, possibility of using these findings as guides to better predict a student’s performance/mastery and to identify areas and strategies for improvement. Future work within a Restorative Innovation Framework concludes. Copyright © 2019 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved

关键词： Fractals

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Neural Visualization for the Analysis of Energy and Water Consumptions in the Automotive Industry 13th

Neural Visualization for the Analysis of Energy and Water Co...

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Int Joint Conf of the 13th Int Conf on Soft Comp Models in Ind and Environm Applicat (SOCO) / 11th Int Conf on Computat Intelligence in Secur for Informat Syst (CISIS) / 9th Int Conf on European Transnat Educ (ICEUTE)

作者： Redondo, Raquel Herrero, Alvaro Corchado, Emilio Sedano, Javier Univ Burgos Grp Inteligencia Computac Aplicada GICAP Dept Ingn Civil Escuela Politecn Super Av Cantabria S-N Burgos 09006 Spain Univ Salamanca Dept Informat & Automat Salamanca Spain Inst Tecnol Castilla & Leon C Lopez Bravo 70 Burgos 09001 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783319941202;9783319941196

this study presents the application of neural models to a real-life problem in order to study the energy and water consumptions of an automotive multinational company for resources saving and environment protection. the aim is to visually and naturally analyse different consumptions data for a whole year, month by month, from factories and locations worldwide where different kinds of products are produced. the data are studied in order to see whether the geographical location, the month of the year or the technology used in each factory are relevant in terms of consumptions and then take actions for a greener production. the consumptions dataset is analysed using different neural projection models: Principal Component Analysis and Cooperative Maximum-Likelihood Hebbian Learning. this unsupervised dimensionality reduction techniques have been applied, and subsequent interesting conclusions are obtained.

关键词： Soft computing Artificial neural networks Exploratory projection pursuit Industrial applications Energy consumption

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Quality of Service in real-time OPC UA applications 11th

Quality of Service in Real-Time OPC UA Applications

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11th international conference on Computational Collective Intelligence (ICCCI)

作者： Fojcik, Marcin Cupek, Rafal Ziebinski, Adam Sande, Olav Fojcik, Martyna Katarzyna Western Norway Univ Appl Sci Bergen Norway Silesian Tech Univ Gliwice Poland Volda Univ Coll Volda Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9783030283742;9783030283735

there are many different requirements for communications systems and therefore the types of communications systems in the modern world. there are also special requirements in automation. It is not only necessary to provide data exchange to monitor and control the processes but also to gather, store and process all of the data to optimise production as well. there are different requirements for the amount of data, for the delivery time and for the semantic relationships between the measurements. Although there are some standards, none of these is good enough as yet. One of those standards is OPC UA. Unfortunately, in many practical situations, OPC UA is also regarded as not being good enough to be used. the issues are primarily about the time parameters the client does not always receive the information in the specified time. In this paper, the authors will present some of the limitations and give some suggestions for improving the time parameters of OPC UA systems in practical applications.

关键词： Electronic data interchange

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Type-Based Modelling and Collaborative Programming for Control-Oriented systems (Short Paper) 15th

Type-Based Modelling and Collaborative Programming for Contr...

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15th EAI international conference on Collaborative computing: Networking, applications and Worksharing, CollaborateCom 2019

作者： Ma, Weidong Luo, Zhaohui Institute of Electronic Engineering China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang China Department of Computer Science Royal Holloway University of London Egham United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783030301453

Domain-specific languages (DSL) are more expressive and thus tackle complexity better, making software development easier and more efficient. DSL can automate the production of quality code that based on the proper abstraction of the system. this paper proposes a type-base approach to requirement modelling, called CosRDL, to Implementing a trusted real-time embedded system. A set of rules and formal methods are defined to build CosRDL models for embedded systems, from which the model may be verified apart the specification. CosRDL is described as abstract of event-driven behaviors that support communication between active objects (processes) to support concurrency and collaborative computing. the control processing and properties can be described by CosRDL syntax as an model extension and to make system implementation model. Meanwhile, a case study is presented to figure out how to apply the approach of CosRDL modelling for control systems. © 2019, ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering.

关键词： embedded systems

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Analytical Performance Models for NoCs with Multiple Priority Traffic Classes

Analytical Performance Models for NoCs with Multiple Priorit...

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embedded systems Week / Int Conf on Compilers, Architecture, and Synthesis for embedded systems (CASES) / international conference on Hardware/Software Codesign and System Synthesis (CODES+ISSS) / Int Conf on embedded Software (EMSOFT)

作者： Mandal, Sumit K. Ayoub, Raid Kishinevsky, Michael Ogras, Umit Y. Arizona State Univ Sch Elect Comp & Energy Engn Tempe AZ 85287 USA Intel Corp 2111 NE 25th Ave Hillsboro OR 97124 USA

Networks-on-chip (NoCs) have become the standard for interconnect solutions in industrial designs ranging from client CPUs to many-core chip-multiprocessors. Since NoCs play a vital role in system performance and power consumption, pre-silicon evaluation environments include cycle-accurate NoC simulators. Long simulations increase the execution time of evaluation frameworks, which are already notoriously slow, and prohibit design-space exploration. Existing analytical NoC models, which assume fair arbitration, cannot replace these simulations since industrial NoCs typically employ priority schedulers and multiple priority classes. To address this limitation, we propose a systematic approach to construct priority-aware analytical performance models using micro-architecture specifications and input traffic. Our approach decomposes the given NoC into individual queues with modified service time to enable accurate and scalable latency computations. Specifically, we introduce novel transformations along with an algorithm that iteratively applies these transformations to decompose the queuing system. Experimental evaluations using real architectures and applications show high accuracy of 97% and up to 2.5x speedup in full-system simulation.

关键词： NoC performance analysis priority-based NoC queuing networks

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An IoT Based real-time Railway Fishplate Monitoring System for Early Warning

An IoT Based Real-time Railway Fishplate Monitoring System f...

引用

international conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (ICECE)

作者： Md. Mizanur Rahaman Nayan Suaib Al Sufi Abir Kallayan Abedin Rizwan Ahamed Md. Farhad Hossain Bangladesh University of Enginnering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (数字)9781665422543

ISBN: (纸本)9781665446617

Fishplate joint monitoring is of utmost importance in rail communication system to avoid accidents. Rail accidents generally occur due to the derailment of trains from the track. One of the primary reasons of derailment of train is losing alignment of rails due to loosened fishplates. So, monitoring rail alignment and fishplate bolt position is required to ensure railway safety and security. In this paper, an IoT based real-time railway fishplate monitoring system is proposed. the proposed system keeps track of the position of every bolt of each fishplate and alerts a central railway monitoring center as well as nearby stations and approaching train drivers if any bolt gets loosened. this system utilizes GSM communication and is capable of working in areas where cellular network atleast 2G is available. An embedded system detects the fault location with the help of a mechanical gear and raises warning as soon as any bolt rotation is detected. the proposed system is comparatively much cheaper. Besides, in a simulation based warning accuracy test, the results of the system show high accuracy which indicates the effectiveness of the system. Accidents probability and frequency are expected to be reduced significantly by this system.

关键词： Rails Gears Railway accidents Fasteners Rail transportation real-time systems Monitoring

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Sound Source Localization Using Beamforming and Its Representation in a Mixed reality embedded Device 11th

Sound Source Localization Using Beamforming and Its Represen...

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11th Mexican conference on Pattern Recognition (MCPR)

作者： Valencia-Palma, Aldo Cordova-Esparza, Diana-Margarita Univ Autonoma Queretaro Fac Informat Av Ciencias S-NCampus Juriquilla Queretaro 76230 Mexico

ISBN: (纸本)9783030210779;9783030210762

Acoustic localization is a technique that allows measuring the intensity and direction of a sound source. A popular technique for its calculation is the beamforming algorithm "Sum-and-Delay" which generates an approximate angle of its location while reducing noise in the signal. Combining this technique with advances in mixed reality environments it is possible to develop essential applications both in the industry and beyond. However, these systems can be too large and expensive. In this work, a method was designed to approximate the sound direction of arrival using a beamforming technique to represent it in mixed reality environment using an embedded device, achieving to approximate it with an average error of 2.5% in distances up to 3m long. Among its main advantages is that it is a portable and low-cost system in which applications of great utility can be developed, such as mixed reality conversation assistants capable of generating subtitles in real-time to assist people with deafness in a classrooms that do not have a translator, or to incorporate a translation service to understand speakers in different languages.

关键词： Sound source localization Direction of arrival Mixed reality Beamforming embedded hardware

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Context-aware parking systems in urban areas: A survey and early experiments 7th

Context-aware parking systems in urban areas: A survey and e...

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7th EAI international conference on Context-Aware systems and applications, ICCASA 2018 and 4th EAI international conference on Nature of Computation and Communication, ICTCC 2018

作者： Ul Haque, Hafiz Mahfooz Zulfiqar, Haidar Khan, Sajid Ullah Ul Haque, Muneeb Department of Software Engineering The University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan Department of Computer Science The University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan SBE University of Management and Technology Lahore Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9783030061517

Parking spaces have been considered as vital resources in urban areas. Finding parking spaces in jam-packed areas are often challenging, stressful and uncertain for the drivers that cause traffic congestion with a consequent of wastage of time, fuel and increase of pollution. these problems can be addressed using smart parking systems if drivers reserve parking slots in advance. With the proliferation of smart devices in a pervasive computing environment, real-time monitoring of the traffic situation and parking areas is often trivial using context-awareness. Context-awareness has the capability to occupy parking slots dynamically at any time and in any place. However, it is often challenging in busy parking areas because vehicles occupy and leave parking slots very frequently. this paper presents a brief survey on context-aware smart parking systems theoretically as well as practically. We propose a context-aware parking application to assist drivers in finding parking slots dynamically while moving and/or arriving at the destination. © ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2019.

关键词： embedded systems

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