the specification phase is one of the most important and least supported parts of the software development process. SAREL (Assistance System for Writing Software Specifications in Natural Language) has been conceived ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769506801
the specification phase is one of the most important and least supported parts of the software development process. SAREL (Assistance System for Writing Software Specifications in Natural Language) has been conceived as a knowledge-based tool to improve the specification phase. the purpose of SAREL is to assist engineers in the creation of software specifications written in Natural Language (NL). the aim of this paper is to present the creation process of the Knowledge Base and the Requirements Base corresponding to a software specification written in NL. this process uses some linguistic engineering tools developed in our department for the pre-processing of the input documents. SAREL is designed to process documents that contain preliminary software specifications. these documents are divided into several parts. We can distinguish the Introduction and the Overall Description as parts that should be used in the Knowledge Base construction. Up to a certain point, these two parts contain all the background information needed to understand the problem as a whole. the information contained in the specific Requirements Section corresponds to the information represented bl the Requirements Base.
Sinter is the main iron-containing raw material for blast furnaces. As iron ore resources are gradually depleted, the types of raw materials for sinter are complicated, so their chemical composition often changes. At ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783030365400;9783030365394
Sinter is the main iron-containing raw material for blast furnaces. As iron ore resources are gradually depleted, the types of raw materials for sinter are complicated, so their chemical composition often changes. At present, the common method for studying the sintering performance of iron ore is the sintering pot test. this method is cumbersome and needs a long process time, and it is impossible to recognize the rapid reaction change of the raw material. therefore, a prediction model was established by building a sintering experimental database and using statistical analysis methods such as correlation, regression and sequence quadratic programming analysis to analyze the relationship between the chemical composition and the tumbler strength of sinter, so as to simplify the sintering blending technology. the regression coefficient of the model is 0.803, indicating that the model has good prediction potential for sinter strength.
Purely functional arrays are notoriously difficult to implement and use efficiently due to the absence of destructive updates and the resultant frequent copying. Deforestation frameworks such as stream fusion achieve ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540929949
Purely functional arrays are notoriously difficult to implement and use efficiently due to the absence of destructive updates and the resultant frequent copying. Deforestation frameworks such as stream fusion achieve signficant improvements here but fail for a number of important operations which can nevertheless benefit from elimination of temporaries. To mitigate this problem, we extend stream fusion with support for in-place execution of array operations. this optimisation, which we call recycling, is easy to implement and can significantly reduce array allocation and copying in purely functional array algorithms.
We describe an experimental object-oriented programming language, ASL2, that supports program development by means of a series of abstraction steps. the language allows immediate object construction, and it is possibl...
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We describe an experimental object-oriented programming language, ASL2, that supports program development by means of a series of abstraction steps. the language allows immediate object construction, and it is possible to use the constructed objects for concrete problem solving tasks. Classes and class hierarchies can be derived from the objects - via gradual abstraction steps. We introduce two levels of object classification, called weak and strong object classification. Strong object classification relies on conventional classes, whereas weak object classification is looser, and less restrictive. As a central mechanism, weakly classified objects are allowed to borrow methods from each other. ASL2 supports class generalization, as a counterpart to class specialization and inheritance in mainstream object-oriented programminglanguages. the final abstraction step discussed in this paper is a syntactical abstraction step that derives a source file with a syntactical class form.
Rendering is defined to be a customized presentation of data in such a way that allows users to subsequently interact withthe presented data. Traditionally such a user interface would be a custom application written ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0818669101
Rendering is defined to be a customized presentation of data in such a way that allows users to subsequently interact withthe presented data. Traditionally such a user interface would be a custom application written using conventional programminglanguages;in contrast we propose an application-independent, declarative (i.e., what-you-want) language that we call Rendering By Example, RBE, withthe capability to specify a wide variety of renderings. RBE is a domain calculus language over user interface widgets. Most previous domain calculus databaselanguages (e.g., QBE, LDL, Datalog) mainly addressed the data processing problem. the main contribution in developing RBE is to model semantics of user interactions in a declarative way. this declarative specification not only allows quick and ad-hoc specification of renderings (i.e., user interfaces) but also provides a framework to understand renderings as an abstract concept, independent of the application. Further, such a linguistic abstraction provides the basis for user-interface research. RBE is part of the ICBE language that is being prototyped in the Picture programming project at HP Labs.
DOM (Document Object Model) is the W3C recommendation for an API for manipulating XML documents. the API is stated in terms of a language neutral IDL with normative bindings given for Java and ECMAScript. the type sys...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540309519
DOM (Document Object Model) is the W3C recommendation for an API for manipulating XML documents. the API is stated in terms of a language neutral IDL with normative bindings given for Java and ECMAScript. the type system underlying the DOM API is a simple object-based one which relies entirely on interfaces and interface extension. However, this simplicity is deceiving because the DOM architects implicitly impose a large number of constraints which are only stated informally. the long list of exceptions that some DOM methods may raise witnesses these constraints. the present work defines a refinement of Java's type system which makes most of these constraints accessible and thus checkable to the compiler. Technically, we graft a polymorphic annotation system on top of the host language's types and propagate the annotations using ideas borrowed from affine type systems. We provide a type soundness proof with respect to an operational semantics of a Java core language.
the proceedings contain 65 papers. the topics discussed include: design of nonlinear-phase fir-filters based on signomial programming;vehicle pose estimation via regression of semantic points of interest;implementing ...
ISBN:
(纸本)9781728131405
the proceedings contain 65 papers. the topics discussed include: design of nonlinear-phase fir-filters based on signomial programming;vehicle pose estimation via regression of semantic points of interest;implementing sparse estimation: cyclic coordinate descent vs linearized Bregman iterations;on the angles of change of the neighborhood motion maps on the triangular grid;MMOD-COG: a database for multimodal cognitive load classification;and underwater color restoration using U-net denoising autoencoder.
this paper proposes a declarative description of user interfaces that abstracts from low-level implementation details. In particular, the user interfaces specified in our framework are executable as graphical user int...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540929949
this paper proposes a declarative description of user interfaces that abstracts from low-level implementation details. In particular, the user interfaces specified in our framework are executable as graphical user interfaces for desktop applications as well as web user interfaces via standard web browsers. thus, our approach combines the advantages of existing user interface technologies in a flexible way without demands on the programmer's side. We sketch an implementation of this concept in the declarative multi-paradigm programming language Curry and show how the integrated functional and logic features of Curry are exploited to enable a high-level implementation of this concept.
this article deals withthe computation of consistent answers to queries on relational databases that violate primary key constraints. A repair of such inconsistent database is obtained by selecting a maximal number o...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540759867
this article deals withthe computation of consistent answers to queries on relational databases that violate primary key constraints. A repair of such inconsistent database is obtained by selecting a maximal number of tuples from each relation without ever selecting two distinct tuples that agree on the primary key. We are interested in the following problem: Given a Boolean conjunctive query q, compute a Boolean first-order (FO) query psi such that for every database db, psi evaluates to true on db if and only if q evaluates to true on every repair of db. Such psi is called a consistent FO rewriting of q. We use novel techniques to characterize classes of queries that have a consistent FO rewriting. In this way, we are able to extend previously known classes and discover new ones. Finally, we use an Ehrenfeucht-Fraisse game to show the non-existence of a consistent FO rewriting for there exists x there exists y(R((x) under bar, y) boolean AND R((y) under bar, c)), where c is a constant and the first coordinate of R is the primary key. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
the proceedings contain 19 papers. the topics discussed include: on preferring and inspecting abductive models;declarative programming of user interfaces;huge data but small programs: visualization design via multiple...
ISBN:
(纸本)3540929940
the proceedings contain 19 papers. the topics discussed include: on preferring and inspecting abductive models;declarative programming of user interfaces;huge data but small programs: visualization design via multiple embedded DSLs;declarative network verification;operational semantics for declarative networking;ad hoc data and the token ambiguity problem;high level thread-based competitive or-parallelism in logtalk;implementing thread cancellation in multithreaded prolog systems;interoperating logic engines;high-level interaction with relational databases in logic programming;typed datalog;using bloom filters for large scale gene sequence analysis in Haskell;one table fits all;towards a complete scheme for tabled execution based on program transformation;improving performance of conformant planners: static analysis of declarative planning domain specifications;and secure implementation of meta-predicates.
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