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17th ACM SIGPLAN international conference on generative programming - concepts and experiences (GPCE) part of the SPLASH Collection of conferences and Workshops

作者： Zhang, Weixin Oliveira, Bruno C. d. S. Univ Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450360456

Pattern matching is a pervasive and useful feature in functional programming. there have been many attempts to bring similar notions to Object-Oriented programming (OOP) in the past. However, a key challenge in OOP is how pattern matching can coexist with the open nature of OOP data structures, while at the same time guaranteeing other desirable properties for pattern matching. this paper discusses several desirable properties for pattern matching in an OOP context and shows how existing approaches are lacking some of these properties. We argue that the traditional semantics of pattern matching, which is based on the order of patterns and adopted by many approaches, is in conflict with the openness of data structures. therefore we suggest that a more restricted, top-level pattern matching model, where the order of patterns is irrelevant, is worthwhile considering in an OOP context. To compensate for the absence of ordered patterns we propose a complementary mechanism for case analysis with defaults, which can be used when nested and/or multiple case analysis is needed. To illustrate our points we develop CASTOR: a meta-programming library in Scala that adopts both ideas. CASTOR generates code that uses type-safe extensible visitors, and largely removes boilerplate code typically associated with visitors. We illustrate the applicability of our approach with a case study modularizing the interpreters in the famous book "Types and programming Languages".

关键词： Pattern matching Meta-programming OOP

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Fluid Quotes: Metaprogramming across Abstraction Boundaries with Dependent Types 2020

Fluid Quotes: Metaprogramming across Abstraction Boundaries ...

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19th ACM SIGPLAN international conference on generative programming - concepts and experiences (GPCE)

作者： Laddad, Shadaj Sen, Koushik Univ Calif Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450381741

Object-oriented programming, functional programming, and metaprogramming each offer a unique axis of abstraction that enables modular code. Macros, a common technique for metaprogramming, capture ASTs as quotes to let users manipulate them in the host language. However, macros are often at odds with other programming techniques since they can only process code written at the call-site and cannot analyze code behind abstraction boundaries such as variables and methods. Furthermore, the quotes generated for macro expansion exist only at compile-time and cannot be passed around in user code. Multi-stage programming treats quotes as runtime values to address this problem, but introduces the cost of running the compiler when splicing quotes. this forces developers to choose between low runtime overhead and modularity. What if we could have the best of both worlds? We introduce fluid quotes, a new technique that uses dependent types to let users pass quotes through abstraction boundaries in runtime code while splicing them ahead-of-time. this technique enables new metaprogramming capabilities by eliminating the traditional requirement of co-locating parameter expressions with call-sites. Fluid quotes capture not only source code but also associated runtime context to ensure correctness. In addition, they can be composed into larger expressions without any macro code. We demonstrate the capabilities of fluid quotes through two specific applications: optimizing data processing pipelines and making language integrated queries more flexible.

关键词： metaprogramming dependent types inlining functional programming

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Delta-Based Verification of Software Product Families 2021

Delta-Based Verification of Software Product Families

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20th ACM SIGPLAN international conference on generative programming: concepts and experiences (GPCE)

作者： Scaletta, Marco Haehnle, Reiner Steinhoefel, Dominic Bubel, Richard Tech Univ Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany CISPA Helmholtz Ctr Informat Secur Saarbrucken Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450391122

the quest for feature- and family-oriented deductive verification of software product lines resulted in several proposals. In this paper we look at delta-oriented modeling of product lines and combine two new ideas: first, we extend Hahnle & Schaefer's delta-oriented version of Liskov's substitution principle for behavioral subtyping to work also for overridden behavior in benign cases. For this to succeed, programs need to be in a certain normal form. the required normal form turns out to be achievable in many cases by a set of program transformations, whose correctness is ensured by the recent technique of abstract execution. this is a generalization of symbolic execution that permits reasoning about abstract code elements. It is needed, because code deltas contain partially unknown code contexts in terms of "original" calls. Second, we devise a modular verification procedure for deltas based on abstract execution, representing deltas as abstract programs calling into unknown contexts. the result is a "delta-based" verification approach, where each modification of a method in a code delta is verified in isolation, but which overcomes the strict limitations of behavioral subtyping and works for many practical programs. the latter claim is substantiated with case studies and benchmarks.

关键词： Software product lines delta-oriented programming abstract execution deductive verification program transformation behavioral subtyping

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SafeGPU: Contract- and library-based GPGPU for object-oriented languages

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COMPUTER LANGUAGES SYSTEMS & STRUCTURES 2017年 48卷 68-88页

作者： Kolesnichenko, Alexey Poskitt, Christopher M. Nanz, Sebastian Swiss Fed Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci Zurich Switzerland Singapore Univ Technol & Design Singapore Singapore Swiss Fed Inst Technol Chair Software Engn Zurich Switzerland

Using GPUs as general-purpose processors has revolutionized parallel computing by providing, for a large and growing set of algorithms, massive data-parallelization on desktop machines. An obstacle to their widespread adoption, however, is the difficulty of programming them and the low-level control of the hardware required to achieve good performance. this paper proposes a programming approach, SafeGPU, that aims to make GPU data-parallel operations accessible through high-level libraries for object-oriented languages, while maintaining the performance benefits of lower-level code. the approach provides data-parallel operations for collections that can be chained and combined to express compound computations, with data synchronization and device management all handled automatically. It also integrates the design-by-contract methodology, which increases confidence in functional program correctness by embedding executable specifications into the program text. We present a prototype of SafeGPU for Eiffel, and show that it leads to modular and concise code that is accessible for GPGPU non-experts, while still providing performance comparable with that of hand-written CUDA code. We also describe our first steps towards porting it to C#, highlighting some challenges, solutions, and insights for implementing the approach in different managed languages. Finally, we show that runtime contract-checking becomes feasible in SafeGPU, as the contracts can be executed on the GPU. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： GPGPU Parallel computing Runtime code generation generative programming Object-orientation Managed languages Design-by-contract Program correctness

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Constraint programming for type inference in flexible model-driven engineering

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COMPUTER LANGUAGES SYSTEMS & STRUCTURES 2017年 49卷 216-230页

作者： Zolotas, Athanasios Clariso, Robert Matragkas, Nicholas Kolovos, Dimitrios S. Paige, Richard F. Univ York Comp Sci Dept York YO10 5GH N Yorkshire England Univ Oberta Catalunya IT Multimedia & Telecommun Dept Barcelona Spain Univ Hull Comp Sci Dept Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX N Humberside England

Domain experts typically have detailed knowledge of the concepts that are used in their domain;however they often lack the technical skills needed to translate that knowledge into model-driven engineering (MDE) idioms and technologies. Flexible or bottom-up modelling has been introduced to assist with the involvement of domain experts by promoting the use of simple drawing tools. In traditional MDE the engineering process starts with the definition of a metamodel which is used for the instantiation of models. In bottom-up MDE example models are defined at the beginning, letting the domain experts and language engineers focus on expressing the concepts rather than spending time on technical details of the metamodelling infrastructure. the metamodel is then created manually or inferred automatically. the flexibility that bottom-up MDE offers comes with the cost of having nodes in the example models left untyped. As a result, concepts that might be important for the definition of the domain will be ignored while the example models cannot be adequately re-used in future iterations of the language definition process. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that assists in the inference of the types of untyped model elements using Constraint programming. We evaluate the proposed approach in a number of example models to identify the performance of the prediction mechanism and the benefits it offers. the reduction in the effort needed to complete the missing types reaches up to 91.45% compared to the scenario where the language engineers had to identify and complete the types without guidance. (C) 2016 the Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Flexible modelling Bottom-up modelling Type inference Constraint programming Example-driven modelling

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generative software product line development using variability-aware design patterns 2015

Generative software product line development using variabili...

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14th ACM SIGPLAN international conference on generative-programming - concepts and experiences (GPCE) co-located with SPLASH conference

作者： Seidl, Christoph Schuster, Sven Schaefer, Ina Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450336871

Software Product Lines (SPLs) are an approach to reuse in-the-large that models a set of closely related software systems in terms of commonalities and variabilities. Design patterns are best practices for addressing recurring design problems in object-oriented source code. In the practice of implementing SPL, instances of certain design patterns are employed to handle variability, which makes these "variability-aware design patterns" a best practice for SPL design. However, currently there is no dedicated method for proactively developing SPLs using design patterns suitable for realizing variable functionality. In this paper, we present a method to perform generative SPL development with design patterns. We use role models to capture design patterns and their relation to a variability model. We further allow mapping of individual design pattern roles to (parts of) implementation elements to be generated (e.g., classes, methods) and check the conformance of the realization with the specification of the pattern. We provide definitions for the variability-aware versions of the design patterns Observer, Strategy, Template Method and Composite. Furthermore, we support generation of realization's in Java, C++ and UML class diagrams utilizing annotative, compositional and transformational variability realization mechanisms. Hence, we support proactive development of SPLs using design patterns to apply best practices for the realization of variability. We realize our concepts within the Eclipse IDE and demonstrate them within a case study. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Role Modeling Software Product Line (SPL) Design Pattern generative Development

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generative software product line development using variability-aware design patterns

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COMPUTER LANGUAGES SYSTEMS & STRUCTURES 2017年 48卷 89-111页

作者： Seidl, Christoph Schuster, Sven Schaefer, Ina Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany

关键词： SOFTWARE product line engineering COMPUTER software development SOFTWARE patterns REALIZATION (Linguistics) JAVA (Computer program language) C++ (Computer program language)

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A Stage-Polymorphic IR for Compiling MATLAB-Style Dynamic Tensor Expressions 2019

A Stage-Polymorphic IR for Compiling MATLAB-Style Dynamic Te...

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18th ACM SIGPLAN international conference on generative programming - concepts and experiences (GPCE)

作者： Stojanov, Alen Rompf, Tiark Puschel, Markus Swiss Fed Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci Zurich Switzerland Purdue Univ Dept Comp Sci W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450369800

We propose a novel approach for compiling MATLAB and similar languages that are characterized by tensors with dynamic shapes and types. We stage an evaluator for a subset of MATLAB using the Lightweight Modular Staging (LMS) framework to produce a compiler that generates C code. But the first Futamura projection alone does not lead to efficient code: we need to refine the rigid stage distinction based on type and shape inference to remove costly runtime checks. To this end, we introduce a stage-polymorphic data structure, that we refer to as metacontainer, to represent MATLAB tensors and their type and shape information. We use metacontainers to efficiently "inject" constructs into a high-level intermediate representation (IR) to infer shape and type information. Once inferred, metacontainers are also used as the primary abstraction for lowering the computation, performing type, shape, and ISA specialization. Our prototype MATLAB compiler MGen produces static C code that supports all primitive types, heavily overloaded operators, many other dynamic aspects of the language, and explicit vectorization for SIMD architectures.

关键词： staging polymorphism generic programming MATLAB tensor computations SIMD

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Generating Reactive Programs for Graphical User Interfaces from Multi-way Dataflow Constraint Systems 2015

Generating Reactive Programs for Graphical User Interfaces f...

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14th ACM SIGPLAN international conference on generative-programming - concepts and experiences (GPCE) co-located with SPLASH conference

作者： Foust, Gabriel Jarvi, Jaakko Parent, Sean Texas A&M Univ College Stn TX 77843 USA Adobe Syst Inc Mountain View CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450336871

For a GUI to remain responsive, it must be able to schedule lengthy tasks to be executed asynchronously. In the traditional approach to GUI implementation-writing functions to handle individual user events-asynchronous programming easily leads to defects. Ensuring that all data dependencies are respected is difficult when new events arrive while prior events are still being handled. Reactive programming techniques, gaining popularity in GUI programming, help since they make data dependencies explicit and enforce them automatically as variables' values change. However, data dependencies in GUIs usually change along with its state. Reactive programming must therefore describe a GUI as a collection of many reactive programs, whose interaction the programmer must explicitly coordinate. this paper presents a declarative approach for GUI programming that relieves the programmer from coordinating asynchronous computations. the approach is based on our prior work on "property models", where GUI state is maintained by a dataflow constraint system. A property model responds to user events by atomically constructing new data dependencies and scheduling asynchronous computations to enforce those dependencies. In essence, a property model dynamically generates a reactive program, adding to it as new events occur. the approach gives the following guarantee: the same sequence of events produces the same results, regardless of the timing of those events.

关键词： Dataflow constraint systems Graphical user interfaces asynchronous programming

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Almost First-Class Language Embedding Taming Staged Embedded DSLs 2015

Almost First-Class Language Embedding Taming Staged Embedded...

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14th ACM SIGPLAN international conference on generative-programming - concepts and experiences (GPCE) co-located with SPLASH conference

作者： Scherr, Maximilian Chiba, Shigeru Univ Tokyo Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450336871

Embedded domain-specific languages (EDSLs), inheriting a general-purpose language's features as well as look-and-feel, have traditionally been second-class or rather non-citizens in terms of host-language design. this makes sense when one regards them to be on the same level as traditional, non-EDSL library interfaces. However, this equivalence only applies to the simplest of EDSLs. In this paper we illustrate why this is detrimental when moving on to EDSLs that employ staging, i.e. program reification, by example of various issues that affect authors and users alike. We believe that if EDSLs are to be considered a reliable, language-like interface abstraction, they require exceptional attention and design scrutiny. Instead of unenforceable conventions, we advocate the acceptance of EDSLs as proper, i.e. almost first-class, citizens while retaining most advantages of pure embeddings. As a small step towards this goal, we present a pragmatic framework prototype for Java. It is based on annotations that explicate and document membership to explicit EDSL entities. In a nutshell, our framework identifies (annotated) method calls and field accesses as EDSL terms and dynamically constructs an abstract-syntax representation, which is eventually passed to a semantics-defining back end implemented by the EDSL author.

关键词： Java implementation embedded DSLs metaprogramming program transformation staging programming languages design

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