Intensional logicprogramming is an extension of logicprogramming based on intensional logic, which includes as special cases both temporal and modal logicprogramming. In [OW92], M. Orgun and W. W. Wadge provided a ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642405648
Intensional logicprogramming is an extension of logicprogramming based on intensional logic, which includes as special cases both temporal and modal logicprogramming. In [OW92], M. Orgun and W. W. Wadge provided a general framework for capturing the semantics of intensional logicprogramming languages. One key property involved in the construction of [OW92], is the monotonicity of intensional operators. In this paper we consider intensional logicprogramming from a game-theoretic perspective. In particular we define a two-person game and we demonstrate that it is equivalent to the semantics of [OW92]. More importantly, we demonstrate that the game is even applicable to intensional languages with non-monotonic operators. In this way we provide the first (to our knowledge) general semantic framework for capturing the semantics of non-monotonic intensional logicprogramming.
We address the problem of belief revision of logic programs, i.e., how to incorporate to a logic program P a new logic program Q. Based on the structure of SE interpretations, Delgrande et al. [5] adapted the AGM post...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642405648
We address the problem of belief revision of logic programs, i.e., how to incorporate to a logic program P a new logic program Q. Based on the structure of SE interpretations, Delgrande et al. [5] adapted the AGM postulates to identify the rational behavior of generalized logic program (GLP) revision operators and introduced some specific operators. In this paper, a constructive characterization of all rational GLP revision operators is given in terms of an ordering among propositional interpretations with some further conditions specific to SE interpretations. It provides an intuitive, complete procedure for the construction of all rational GLP revision operators and makes easier the comprehension of their semantic properties. In particular, we show that every rational GLP revision operator is derived from a propositional revision operator satisfying the original AGM postulates. Taking advantage of our characterization, we embed the GLP revision operators into structures of Boolean lattices, that allow us to bring to light some potential weaknesses in the adapted AGM postulates. To illustrate our claim, we introduce and characterize axiomatically two specific classes of (rational) GLP revision operators which arguably have a drastic behavior.
Existing ASP languages lack support for conveniently specifying objects, their sorts and the sorts of the parameters of relations in an application domain. However, such support may allow a programmer to better struct...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642405648
Existing ASP languages lack support for conveniently specifying objects, their sorts and the sorts of the parameters of relations in an application domain. However, such support may allow a programmer to better structure the program, to automatically determine some syntax and semantic errors and to avoid thinking about safety of ASP rules - non-declarative conditions on rules required by existing ASP systems. In this paper, we define the syntax and semantics of a knowledge representation language SPARC which offers explicit constructs to specify objects, relations, and their sorts. the language expands CR-Prolog - an extension of ASP by consistency restoring rules. We introduce an implementation of SPARC based on its translation to DLV with weak constraints. A syntax checking algorithm helps to avoid errors related to misspellings as well as simple type errors. Another type checking algorithm flags program rules which, due to type conflicts, have no ground instantiations.
We propose a novel conceptual approach to program updates implementation that exploits two features of tabling in logicprogramming (in XSB Prolog): incremental and answer subsumption tabling. Our approach, EVOLP/R, i...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642405648
We propose a novel conceptual approach to program updates implementation that exploits two features of tabling in logicprogramming (in XSB Prolog): incremental and answer subsumption tabling. Our approach, EVOLP/R, is based on the constructs of Evolving logic Programs (EVOLP), but simplifies it at first by restricting updates to fluents only. Rule updates are nevertheless achieved via the mechanism of rule name fluents, placed in rules' bodies, permitting to turn rules on or off, through assertions or retractions of their corresponding unique name fluents. Incremental tabling of fluents allows to automatically maintain - at engine level - the consistency of program states. Answer subsumption of fluents addresses the frame problem - at engine level - by automatically keeping track of their latest assertion or retraction. the implementation is detailed here to the extent that it may be exported to other logicprogramming tabling systems.
Recently, Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) solving has been proposed to tackle the increasing complexity in high-level system design. Working well for system specifications with a limited amount of routing options, they t...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642405648
Recently, Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) solving has been proposed to tackle the increasing complexity in high-level system design. Working well for system specifications with a limited amount of routing options, they tend to fail for densely connected computing platforms. this paper proposes an automated system design approach employing Answer Set programming (ASP). ASP provides a stringent semantics, allowing for an efficient representation of routing options. An automotive case-study illustrates that the proposed ASP-based system design approach is competitive for sparsely connected computing platforms, while it outperforms SAT-based approaches for dense Networks-on-Chip by an order of magnitude.
A distinguishing feature of Answer Set programming is its versatility. In addition to satisfiability testing, it offers various forms of model enumeration, intersection or unioning, as well as optimization. Moreover, ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642405648
A distinguishing feature of Answer Set programming is its versatility. In addition to satisfiability testing, it offers various forms of model enumeration, intersection or unioning, as well as optimization. Moreover, there is an increasing interest in incremental and reactive solving due to their applicability to dynamic domains. However, so far no comparative studies have been conducted, contrasting the respective modeling capacities and their computational impact. To assess the variety of different forms of ASP solving, we propose Alex Randolph's board game Ricochet Robots as a transverse benchmark problem that allows us to compare various approaches in a uniform setting. To begin with, we consider alternative ways of encoding ASP planning problems and discuss the underlying modeling techniques. In turn, we conduct an empirical analysis contrasting traditional solving, optimization, incremental, and reactive approaches. In addition, we study the impact of some boosting techniques in the realm of our case study.
Minimalist Grammars (MG) are viewed as a resource consuming system where syntactic operations are triggered when a positive form of a feature matches with its negative form. But a problem arises when a feature lacks a...
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Minimalist Grammars (MG) are viewed as a resource consuming system where syntactic operations are triggered when a positive form of a feature matches with its negative form. But a problem arises when a feature lacks a positive/negative value. For the latter case, we introduce a default inference rule in order to account for the underspecification of the feature in a lexical entry.
this volume contains the refereed proceedings of the 12th international conference on logic programming and nonmonotonic reasoning, lpnmr 2013, held in September 2013 in Corunna, Spain. the 34 revised full papers (22 ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783642405648
ISBN:
(纸本)9783642405631
this volume contains the refereed proceedings of the 12th international conference on logic programming and nonmonotonic reasoning, lpnmr 2013, held in September 2013 in Corunna, Spain. the 34 revised full papers (22 technical papers, 9 application description, and 3 system descriptions) and 19 short papers (11 technical papers, 3 application descriptions, and 5 system descriptions) presented together with 2 invited talks, were carefully reviewed and selected from 91 submissions. Being a forum for exchanging ideas on declarative logicprogramming, nonmonotonicreasoning, and knowledge representation, the conference aims to facilitate interactions between those researchers and practitioners interested in the design and implementation of logic-based programming languages and database systems, and those who work in the area of knowledge representation and nonmonotonicreasoning.
Answer set programming (ASP) is nowadays one of the most popular modeling languages in the areas of Knowledge Representation and Artificial Intelligence. Hereby one represents the problem at hand in such a way that ea...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642405648
Answer set programming (ASP) is nowadays one of the most popular modeling languages in the areas of Knowledge Representation and Artificial Intelligence. Hereby one represents the problem at hand in such a way that each model of the ASP program corresponds to one solution of the original problem. In recent years, several tools which support the user in developing ASP applications have been introduced. However, explicit treatment of one of the main aspects of ASP, multiple solutions, has received less attention within these tools. In this work, we present a novel system to visualize relations between answer sets of a given program. the core idea of the system is that the user specifies the concept of a relation by an ASP program itself. this yields a highly flexible system that suggests potential applications beyond development environments, e.g., applications in the field of abduction, which we will discuss in a case study.
In the past few years, several approaches for revision (and update) of logic programs have been studied. None of these however matched the generality and elegance of the original AGM approach to revision in classical ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642405648
In the past few years, several approaches for revision (and update) of logic programs have been studied. None of these however matched the generality and elegance of the original AGM approach to revision in classical logic. One particular obstacle is the underlying nonmonotonicity of the semantics of logic programs. Recently however, specific revision operators based on the monotonic concept of SE-models (which underlies the answer-set semantics of logic programs) have been proposed. Basing revision of logic programs on sets of SE-models has the drawback that arbitrary sets of SE-models may not necessarily be expressed via a logic program. this situation is similar to the emerging topic of revision in fragments of classical logic. In this paper we show how nonetheless classical AGM-style revision can be extended to various classes of logic programs using the concept of SE-models. that is, we rephrase the AGM postulates in terms of logic programs, provide a semantic construction for revision operators, and then in a representation result show that these approaches coincide. this work is interesting because, on the one hand it shows how the AGM approach can be extended to a seemingly nonmonotonic framework, while on the other hand the formal characterization may provide guiding principles for the development of specific revision operators.
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