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Parallelism and images: a parallelization experiment for image segmentation with an application for automatic classification of scenes obtained from orbital platforms

Parallelism and images: a parallelization experiment for ima...

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brazilian symposium on computer graphics and image processing (sibgrapi)

作者： S.D.F. Fernandes A.M.V. Monteiro C.L. Mendes Univ. do Vale do Paraiba Brazil INPE-Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais Sao Paulo Brazil

Segmentation is an important step in image analysis for remote sensing; it is responsible for splitting the image into distinct parts. Current segmentation methods used in images of this type are usually based on an analysis of the pixel values in all image bands. this type of analysis can be computationally expensive. In order to reduce the processing time in the image segmentation process, this paper introduces a parallel approach to image segmentation. this method is based on a region-growing technique. the parallelism is done using the SPMD (single process, multiple data) paradigm and the message-passing model under MPI (Message Passing Interface). the results have been compared with the output of a sequential system executing in the same environment.

关键词： image segmentation Parallel processing image analysis Libraries Testing Layout Remote sensing Pixel Message passing Linux

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Enhancing the volumetric approach to stereo matching

Enhancing the volumetric approach to stereo matching

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brazilian symposium on computer graphics and image processing (sibgrapi)

作者： I.D.O. Matias A.A.F.D. Oliveira Lab. of Comput. Grafica Fed. Univ. of Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Describes a volumetric stereo algorithm for obtaining disparity maps and identifying the presence of occlusions. It works in the (row /spl times/ column /spl times/ disparity range) space, initializing the voxels with a measure of the similarity between the stereo pair they represent (similarity phase) and refining these values through an iterative process which inhibits all voxels but one, placed along the same line of sight (competition phase). By ceasing the updating of those voxels that showed little promise, it was possible to enhance the time performance without influencing the results in all tested examples. Also, to obtain smoother maps, a dynamic programming process is applied to obtain the final solution.

关键词： Dynamic programming Iterative algorithms computer vision Pixel Phase measurement Testing Smoothing methods Filters Iterative methods Head

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Multiple correspondences in stereo vision under a genetic algorithm approach

Multiple correspondences in stereo vision under a genetic al...

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brazilian symposium on computer graphics and image processing (sibgrapi)

作者： J.D.S. da Silva P.O. Simoni K.K. Bharadwaj Computing and Applied Mathematics Laboratory National Institute of Space Research (INPE) Sao Paulo Brazil Guarulhos University Praça Tereza Cristina Sao Paulo Brazil Systems Sciences JNU New Delhi India

this paper presents a multiple point hierarchical approach to the stereo correspondence problem in computer vision. the low-level processing employs an area-and-token hybrid method to obtain, for distinctive points in one image, a set of points in the other image that are candidates for correspondence. the refinement of the set of low-level correspondences obtained is performed by a high-level N-point simultaneous correspondence process, a new constraint introduced for this problem. the high-level processing uses a genetic algorithm approach for searching the solution space. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the method on real world scenes.

关键词： Stereo vision Genetic algorithms Layout Cameras computer vision Mathematics Laboratories Los Angeles Council Motion analysis Optical computing

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Shape from shading and intensity gradient

Shape from shading and intensity gradient

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brazilian symposium on computer graphics and image processing (sibgrapi)

作者： J.R.A. Torreao Instituto de Computação Universidade Federal Fluminense Niteroi Rio de Janeiro Brazil

We present a novel algorithm for shape estimation, using both brightness and brightness gradient as input data. Our algorithm is an improvement of the recently introduced Green's function approach to shape-from-shading (GSFS). In GSFS, we assume that the single brightness image will be matched to a second image through a uniform disparity field, and solve for the matching image via Green's function. When a linear expansion of the reflectance map is considered, the matching image can be related to surface gradient, leading to a closed-form depth map whose free parameters are easily estimated. the author shows that the same procedure can be repeated with the gradient image as input; a second depth estimate thus results which takes into account higher-frequency components of the imaged surface. Extensive experimentation with synthetic and real images corroborates the advantage of the new method.

关键词： Shape Reflectivity Brightness Equations Lighting Photometry Stereo vision Layout Parameter estimation computer vision

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Improved face/spl times/non-face discrimination using Fourier descriptors through feature selection

Improved face/spl times/non-face discrimination using Fourie...

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brazilian symposium on computer graphics and image processing (sibgrapi)

作者： T.E. de Dampos R. Schimidt Feris R.M. Cesar Universidade de Sao Paulo Sao Paulo SÃ£o Paulo BR

this work presents a new method to discriminate face from non-face images using Fourier descriptors. the first step of our approach consists in applying a horizontal edge detection filter in the input image, followed by the extraction of a 1D signal from the computed edge map. then we calculate the Fourier descriptors from this signal and classify the image using statistical classifiers. In order to improve our results, we applied a feature selection algorithm. Preliminary performance assessment results have shown that this approach is superior than traditional transform based methods. Besides, these results showed that our method might be used to develop a fast face detection system.

关键词： Face detection image edge detection Humans Face recognition Color Robustness Cameras Databases Filters computer vision

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Morphological operators for segmentation of color sequences

Morphological operators for segmentation of color sequences

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brazilian symposium on computer graphics and image processing (sibgrapi)

作者： F.C. Flores R. Hirata J. Barrera R.A. Lotufo F. Meyer Instituto de Matemática e Estatística-USP Sao Paulo Brazil Universidade de Sao Paulo Sao Paulo SÃ£o Paulo BR Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering State University of Campinas-UNICAMP Sao Paulo Brazil Centre de Morphologie Mathématique Ećole des Mines de Paris Fontainebleau France

this paper presents a technique for the segmentation of moving objects in color image sequences. the technique is based on Beucher-Meyer paradigm, with markers detected by a morphological operator designed by computational learning (or, equivalently, statistical optimization). Objects in some frames of the video are marked manually and used to train the markers detector. then, the operator designed is used to mark the objects in the other frames and the paradigm is applied to all frames marked by the detector. Two real world examples illustrate the application of the proposed technique.

关键词： Color Object detection image edge detection image segmentation Gray-scale Design optimization Detectors Digital images image sequences Filtering

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brazilian bank check handwritten legal amount recognition

Brazilian bank check handwritten legal amount recognition

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brazilian symposium on computer graphics and image processing (sibgrapi)

作者： C.O. de Almendra Freitas A. El Yacoubi F. Bortolozzi R. Sabourin Pontificia Univ. Catolica do Parana Curitiba Brazil PUCPR-Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná Curitiba Parana Brazil Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana Curitiba PR BR

this paper presents a system that is being developed for the recognition of the handwritten legal amount in brazilian bank checks. Our strategy used to approach the handwritten legal amount recognition problem puts on evidence the keywords: "mil", "reals/real", "centavos/centavo" which are almost always present in each amount. the recognizer, based on hidden markov models, does a global word analysis, therefore, it does not carry out an explicit segmentation of words into characters or pseudo-characters. In this context, each word image is transformed into a sequence of observations using pre-processing and feature extraction stages. Our system, when tested on our database simulating brazilian bank checks, shows the viability of our approach.

关键词： Law Legal factors Handwriting recognition Hidden Markov models Character recognition image segmentation Feature extraction System testing image databases Spatial databases

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Stochastic texture image retrieval and similarity matching

Stochastic texture image retrieval and similarity matching

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brazilian symposium on computer graphics and image processing (sibgrapi)

作者： C.R. Jung J. Scharcanski Inst. de Inf. Univ. Fed. do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil

Stochastic texture images representing various foil materials (like polymer sheets, nonwoven textiles and paper) provide important information about these materials, and are frequently utilized in industry. It is often difficult to objectively measure the similarity among those images, or to discriminate images of different types of materials. this work proposes a new multi-resolution method for texture image discrimination and similarity matching. the wavelet transform is used to represent the images in multiple resolutions, and to describe them in terms of their orientation and gray-level distributions. It is also proposed a multi-resolution similarity measure based on this representation. Finally, some experiments illustrate the performance of our method, and some conclusions are presented.

关键词： Stochastic processes image retrieval Wavelet transforms Anisotropic magnetoresistance Sheet materials Textiles Catalogs image resolution Quality control image texture analysis

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Incremental evaluation of BDD-represented set operators

Incremental evaluation of BDD-represented set operators

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brazilian symposium on computer graphics and image processing (sibgrapi)

作者： H.M.F. Madeira J. Barbera Departamento de Informática UFPR Curitiba Parana Brazil

In mathematical morphology set operators are described by a formal language, whose vocabulary is composed of dilations, erosions, complementation, union and intersection. they are called morphological operators when expressed in this form. Translation invariant and locally defined set operators are called W-operators. Decision diagrams have been used as an alternative representation for some 2-D and 3-D discrete W-operators. this paper shows that the reduced and ordered binary decision diagram (ROBDD) is a non-ambiguous scheme for representing W-operators and presents a method to compute the ROBDD of any W-operator from a corresponding morphological operator. this procedure of computing decision diagrams can be applied to the automatic proof of equivalence between morphological operators, since the W-operator they represent are equal if and only if they have the same ROBDD.

关键词： Data structures Boolean functions Binary decision diagrams image processing Morphology Formal languages Vocabulary Lattices Focusing Software algorithms

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An object-relational database containing multimedia data

An object-relational database containing multimedia data

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brazilian symposium on computer graphics and image processing (sibgrapi)

作者： T.K. Mitre A.B. Huguet A.D.A. Araujo N.S. Andrade Department DE Cisncia da Computaciio NPDI/DCC/UFMG Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte MG BR PRODEMGE Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil

Describes the development of an information system for the consultation of specific criminal experts' reports based on a multimedia database. these reports contain text, images, audio and video information. this database management system (DBMS) is based on an object-relational (O-R) model. this kind of DBMS is an evolution of relational and object-oriented databases, which is appropriate for multimedia data management and storage. In addition, due to the specific characteristics of the application, security techniques such as cryptography, digital signatures and digital watermarking are also used.

关键词： Multimedia databases image databases Management information systems Database systems Object oriented modeling Object oriented databases Relational databases Data security Information security Cryptography

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