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检索条件"任意字段=13th Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets"

共 447 条记录，以下是251-260 订阅

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Discriminating small extended targets at sea from clutter and other classes of boats in infrared and visual light imagery

Discriminating small extended targets at sea from clutter an...

引用

20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： van den Broek, Sebastiaan P. Bouma, Henri Degache, Marianne A. C. TNO Def Secur & Safety NL-2509 JG The Hague Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

Operating in a coastal environment, with a multitude of boats of different sizes, detection of small extended targets is only one problem. A further difficulty is in discriminating detections of possible threats from alarms due to sea and coastal clutter, and from boats that are neutral for a specific operational task. Adding target features to detections allows filtering out clutter before tracking. Features can also be used to add labels resulting from a classification step. Both will help tracking by facilitating association. Labeling and information from features can be an aid to an operator, or can reduce the number of false alarms for more automatic systems. In this paper we present work on clutter reduction and classification of small extended targets from infrared and visual light imagery. Several methods for discriminating between classes of objects were examined, with an emphasis on less complex techniques, such as rules and decision trees. Similar techniques can be used to discriminate between targets and clutter, and between different classes of boats. Different features are examined that possibly allow discrimination between several classes. data recordings are used, in infrared and visual light, with a range of targets including rhibs, cabin boats and jet-skis.

关键词： classification clutter reduction target recognition small targets boats jet-ski

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Assurance regions in tracking

Assurance regions in tracking

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20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Sworder, David D. Boyd, John E. Hutchins, R. G. Univ Calif San Diego Dept Elect & Comp Engn La Jolla CA 92093 USA Cub Def Applicat San Diego CA 92186 USA Naval Postgrad Sch Dept EECE Monterey CA 93943 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

An assurance region at level p, A(P=p), is an area in motion space that contains the target with assigned probability p. It is on the basis of A(P=p) that an action is taken or a decision made. Common model-based trackers generate a synthetic distribution function for the kinematic state of the target. Unfortunately, this distribution is very coarse, and the resulting A(P=p) lack credibility. It is shown that a, map-enhanced, multiple model algorithm reduces the tracking, error and leads to a compact assurance region.

关键词： nonlinear filters target tracking data fusion

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Concurrent MAP data association and absolute bias estimation with an arbitrary number of sensors

Concurrent MAP data association and absolute bias estimation...

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20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Kragel, Bret D. Danford, Scott Poore, Aubrey B. Numerica Corp Loveland CO USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

Bias estimation using objects with unknown data association requires concurrent estimation of both biases and optimal data association. this report derives maximum a posteriori (MAP) data association likelihood ratios for concurrent bias estimation and data association based on sensor-level track state estimates and their joint error covariance. Our approach is unique for two reasons. First, we include a bias prior that allows estimation of absolute sensor biases, rather than just relative biases. Second, we allow concurrent bias estimation and association for an arbitrary number of sensors. the two-sensor likelihood ratio is derived as a special case of the general M-sensor result.

关键词： multiple target tracking MAP bias estimation data association assignment problems track-to-track association

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Robust method for detecting an infrared small moving target based on the facet-based model

Robust method for detecting an infrared small moving target ...

引用

20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Lee, Hwal-Suk Kim, Seokkwon Park, Dong-Jo Kim, Jieun Park, Changhan Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Sch EECS 373-1 Guseong Dong Taejon 305701 South Korea Agcy Def Dev Taejon South Korea SAMSUNG THALES Co Ltd Adv Technol R&D Ctr Yongin 446712 Gyeonggi South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

In this paper, a new condition for the target is proposed to increase the robustness of the facet-based detection method for zero-mean Gaussian noise. In the proposed algorithm, the pixels detected from the maximum extremum condition are checked further to discern if they are false maximum points in the proposed scheme. the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is much more robust for zero-mean Gaussian noise than the conventional detection method.

关键词： infrared image small target detection cubic facet model Gaussian noise

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Challenges of seismic processing of transition-zone data: Comparison of three state-of-the-art approaches

Challenges of seismic processing of transition-zone data: Co...

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13th Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and conference, ADIPEC 2008

作者： Hadidi, M.T. Nehaid, H.A. Abousetta, A. Yahia, A. Soroka, W.L. United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781605606996

A program of 2D seismic lines was acquired in a transition zone in Abu Dhabi in early 2007. the objective was to firm up exploration concepts in the cretaceous, including subtle reefal buildups. three data issues were of concern, namely, matching the different seismic sources and receivers, static corrections, and noise attenuation for improved signal-to-noise ratio. Because transition-zone acquisition entails dealing with a variety of environments, it was necessary to use two types of sources, namely air gun arrays and dynamite, and three types of receivers - marsh geophones, hydrophones, and dual sensor units. Matching of the resulting six source-receiver combinations was a key challenge. the dynamic and complex nature of transition zones, situated between land and marine environments, causes noise levels to be particularly high. Mitigation of seismic noise was the second processing challenge. Finally, the low-relief structures that were the targets in this area placed stringent demands on the static solutions. Coming up with an accurate static solution was the third processing challenge. this project provided a unique case study in transition-zone processing, because the data was sent for processing by three contractors. this was done to verify that optimum processing has been performed on the data to meet the interpretation objectives. this afforded a rare and unique opportunity to compare three state-of the-art approaches to transition-zone seismic processing. this paper presents comparisons of the final migrated images obtained using the three processing approaches. It also refers to further analysis carried out using well-to-seismic ties and acoustic impedance sections produced by post-stack inversion. We will conclude with the key lessons gained from this experience, which we hope will find application to other projects dealing with this particularly challenging problem. Copyright 2008. Society of Petroleum Engineers.

关键词： signal to noise ratio

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the probability of misassociation between neighboring targets

The probability of misassociation between neighboring target...

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20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Areta, Javier A. Bar-Shalom, Yaakov Rothrock, Ronald Univ Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA Sparta Syst Inc Arlington VA 22209 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

this paper presents procedures to calculate the probability that the measurement originating from an extraneous target will be (mis)associated with a target of interest for the cases of Nearest Neighbor and Global association. It is shown that these misassociation probabilities depend., under certain assumptions, on a particular - covariance weighted - norm of the difference between the targets' predicted measurements. For the Nearest Neighbor association, the exact solution, obtained for the case of equal innovation covariances, is based on a noncentral chi-square distribution. An approximate solution is also presented for the case of unequal innovation covariances. For the Global case an approximation is presented for the case of "similar" innovation covariances. In the general case of unequal innovation covariances where this approximation fails, an exact method based on the inversion of the characteristic function is presented. the theoretical results, confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations, quantify the benefit of Global vs. Nearest Neighbor association. these results are applied to problems of single sensor as well as centralized fusion architecture multiple sensor tracking.

关键词： Monte Carlo methods Sensors Matrices Target detection Detection and tracking algorithms Radar signal to noise ratio Algorithm development Distance measurement Sensor fusion

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Efficiency and sensitivity of methods for assessing ambiguity in data association decisions

Efficiency and sensitivity of methods for assessing ambiguit...

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20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Kragel, Bret D. Herman, Shawn M. Roseveare, Nick J. Numerica Corp Loveland CO USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

the central problem in multitarget, multisensor surveillance is that of determining which reports from separate sensors arise from common objects. Due to stochastic errors in the source reports, there may be multiple data association hypotheses with similar likelihoods. Moreover, established methods for performing data association make fundamental modeling assumptions that hold only approximately in practice. For these reasons, it is beneficial to include some measure of uncertainty, or ambiguity, when reporting association decisions. In this paper, we perform an analysis of the benefits versus runtime performance of three methods of producing ambiguity estimates for data association: enumeration of the k-best data association hypotheses, importance sampling, and Markov Chain Monte Carlo estimation. In addition, we briefly examine the sensitivity of ambiguity estimates to violations of the stochastic model used in the data association procedure.

关键词： multitarget tracking data association importance sampling Markov Chain Monte Carlo murty's method k-best enumeration

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Track fusion with feedback for local trackers using MHT

Track fusion with feedback for local trackers using MHT

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20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Danu, Daniel Lang, Tom Kirubarajan, T. McMaster Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Hamilton ON Canada Gen Dynam Canada Ottawa ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

With current processing power, Multiple Hypothesis Tracking (MHT) becomes a feasible and powerful solution;however a good hypothesis pruning method is mandatory for efficient implementation. the availability of a continuously increasing number of tracking systems raises interest in combining information from these systems. the purpose of this paper is to propose a method of information fusion for such trackers that use MHT locally with local information sent in the form of sensor global hypotheses and the fusion center combining them into fused global hypotheses. the information extracted from the best fused global hypotheses, in the form of ranking of received sensor global hypotheses, is sent back to local trackers, for optimized pruning. Details of the method, in terms of sensor global hypotheses generation, evaluation, pruning at local sensors, association and fusion of sensor global hypotheses at fusion center, and usage of the information received as feedback from the fusion center are presented.

关键词： target tracking Multiple Hypothesis Tracking data fusion

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Hazardous material localization and person tracking

Hazardous material localization and person tracking

引用

20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Wieneke, Monika Safenreiter, Konstantin Koch, Wolfgang FGAN FKIE D-53343 Wachtberg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

Timely recognition of threats can be significantly supported by security assistance systems that work continuously in time and call the attention of the security personnel in case of anomalies. We describe the concept and the realization of an indoor security assistance system for real-time decision support. data for the classification of persons are provided by chemical sensors detecting hazardous materials. Due to their limited spatio-temporal resolution, a single chemical sensor cannot localize this material and associate it with a person. We compensate this deficiency by fusing the output of multiple, distributed chemical sensors with kinematical data from laser-range-scanners. Both, tracking and fusion of tracks with chemical attributes can be processed within one single framework called Probabilistic Multiple Hypothesis Tracking (PMHT). An extension of PMHT for dealing with classification measurements (PMHT-c) already exists. We show how PMHT-c can be applied to associate chemical attributes to person tracks. this affords the localization of threads and a timely notification of the security personnel.

关键词： person tracking Probabilistic Multi-Hypothesis Tracking (PMHT) classification attributes data fusion security assistance systems

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An algorithm benchmark data suite for chemical and biological (chem/bio) defense applications

An algorithm benchmark data suite for chemical and biologica...

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20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Slamani, Mohamed-Adel Fisk, Brian Chyba, thomas Emge, Darren Waugh, Steve ITT Corp Adv Engn & Sci Div 2560 Huntington Ave Alexandria VA 22303 USA Edgewood Chem Biolog Ctr Aberdeen Proving Ground MD 21010 USA Def Threat Reduct Agcy Ft Belvoir VA 22060 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

A Chem/Bio Defense Algorithm Benchmark is proposed as a way to leverage algorithm expertise and apply it to high fidelity Chem/Bio challenge problems in a high fidelity simulation environment. Initially intended to provide risk mitigation to the DTRA-sponsored US Army CUGR ACTD, its intent is to enable the assessment and transition of algorithms to support P3I of future spiral updates. the key chemical sensor in the CUGR ACTD is the Joint Contaminated Surface Detector (JCSD), a short-range stand-off Raman spectroscopy sensor for tactical in-the-field applications. the significant challenges in discriminating chemical signatures in such a system include, but are not limited to, complex background clutter and low signal to noise ratios (SNR). this paper will present an overview of the Chem-Bio Defense Algorithm Benchmark, and the JCSD Challenge Problem specifically.

关键词： signal to noise ratio

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