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检索条件"任意字段=13th Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets"

共 447 条记录，以下是41-50 订阅

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Recognition of hidden pattern with background

Recognition of hidden pattern with background

引用

19th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Kovacs, Levente Sziranyi, Tamas MTA SZTAKI Distributed Events Anal Res Grp Kende U 13-17 H-1111 Budapest Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9780819468475

A method is presented where the foreground is enhanced by an relative focus-map estimation. In the case of moving patterns a Stauffer Grimson approach is used to suppress background. In case of small and subpixel target size statistical evaluation is used for a rough classification. A new solution is given by a combination of foreground separation, relative focus-map generation and histogram-based local evaluation to find the foreground objects.

关键词： foreground background focus map moving objects

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signals and data fusion in a two-band radar

Signals and data fusion in a two-band radar

引用

13th International Radar Symposium (IRS)

作者： Brenner, T. Hardejewicz, J. Rupniewski, M. Nalecz, M. Bumar Elekt Warsaw Poland Warsaw Univ Technol Inst Elect Syst Warsaw Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781457718359

the paper addresses important problems related to detection of small RCS targets. the probability of detection of such targets can be improved by fusion of non-coherent signals and/or plots from a few independents radars (channels) working in different bands. As an example a two-band radar system working simultaneously in S and C bands is considered. Its antennas are placed back to back. the paper describes the concept, similar to the MIMO method described in [1], of signal processing in this radar. the fusion of signals is called centralized fusion (detection) and the fusion of plots is called decentralized fusion (detection). the signal processing algorithms described in the paper are based on the original concept that for the fusion of signals (i.e., the centralized fusion) the cueing method is used. It means that signals reflected from targets in two bands are summed only if the targets have been detected by the decentralized fusion and are being tracked. thus the centralized fusion takes place around the predicted target positions. the probability of detection versus SNR curves were calculated for separated and combined actions of the centralized and decentralized detections. Quantitative results of these simulations shows the possibility for substantial improvement of the target detection probability as compared to single-band radars.

关键词： MIMO radar Radar signal processing Radar detection

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Stereo vision for small targets in IR image sequences

Stereo vision for small targets in IR image sequences

引用

13th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Jutzi, B Gabler, R Jaeger, K FGAN FOM Res Inst Optron & Pattern Recognit D-76275 Ettlingen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819441872

Surveillance systems against missile attacks require the automatic detection of targets with low false alarm rate (FAR). Infrared Search and Track (IRST) systems offer a passive detection of threats at long ranges. For maximum reaction time and the arrangement of counter measurements, it is necessary to declare the objects as early as possible. For this purpose the detection and tracking algorithms have to deal with point objects. Conventional object features like shape, size and texture are usually unreliable for small objects. More reliable features of point objects are three-dimensional spatial position and velocity. At least two sensors observing the same scene are required for multi-ocular stereo vision. Mainly three steps are relevant for successful stereo image processing. First of all the precise camera calibration (estimating the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters) is necessary to satisfy the demand of high degree of accuracy, especially for long range targets. Secondly the correspondence problem for the detected objects must be solved. thirdly the three-dimensional location of the potential target has to be determined by projective transformation. For an evaluation a measurement campaign to capture image data was carried out with real targets using two identical IR cameras and additionally synthetic IR image sequences have been generated and processed. In this paper a straightforward solution for stereo analysis based on stationary bin-ocular sensors is presented, the current results are shown and suggestions for future work are given.

关键词： IRST infrared stereo multiple target tracking point targets image sequence processing false alarms camera calibration projective reconstruction

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Vulnerability of recent GPS adaptive antenna processing (and all STAP/SLC) to statistically non-stationary jammer threats

Vulnerability of recent GPS adaptive antenna processing (and...

引用

13th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Kerr, th TeK Associates Lexington MA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819441872

We alert the reader here to an apparent vulnerabilily in recent adaptive antenna processing that claims increased GPS jammer resistance via use of lucrative new approaches to adaptive beamforming and/or will-steering but, unfortunately, presumes only simplistic unsophisticated wideband barrage WGN jammers as threats. When jammers, are less cooperative by being statistically non-stationary (e.g., by exhibiting time-varying means or biases, by being synchronized blinking jammer pairs, or by varying the total power output with time), then statistics oil the jammers can apparently no longer be successfully extracted from the time-averages (even in post-processing mode using long blocks of received data that was saved) because ergodicity of the underlying intermediate covariance estimate is lost. this unpleasant situation arises or exists for abstracted, idealized STAP or SLC algorithms making use of the, by now, familiar fundamental STAP-related equation: R-v(-1), where this necessary intermediate covariance estimate R = R-1 + R-2 + R-3 has the three indicated constituent components due to thermal/environmental noise, clutter, and jammers, respectively. Without an ability to accurately estimate R-3, the appropriate jammer nullings apparently can no longer be activated successfully. Such systems susceptible to jamming can be revealed by in-situ tests with simple equipment. Topics herein include updates to PRN generation, updates to statistical tests in general and to CLT in particular and all three updates being new to most engineers.

关键词： janlining threats from first st at istical principles 101 space time adaptive procossing vulnerabilities CPS vulnerability to jamming by non-stationary random signals side lobe cancelers pseudo-random noise generation update CLT update statistical tutorial

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A comparison of recursive angle-only target tracking algorithms

A comparison of recursive angle-only target tracking algorit...

引用

13th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Elliott, RJ Dufour, F Malcolm, WP Univ Calgary Fac Management Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819441872

In this article we consider estimation for a discrete-time hybrid dynamical system. Hybrid dynamical systems arise quite naturally in many estimation problems, for example target tracking in a maneuvering target scenario. the most commonly used suboptimal estimation algorithm for the problem class just described, is the so called Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) algorithm. In the work presented here, angle-only target tracking problems are considered, in particular we consider scenarios including maneuvering targets. One approach to this class of problem is to apply the IMM scheme. Using the scheme in Elliott and Dufour,(1) we compute estimates of position and velocity for a maneuvering target when only the target bearing is available. these estimates are compared to the IMM scheme applied to the same problem. It is shown that the algorithm proposed in Elliott and Dufour(1) offers significant improvements over the IMM scheme.

关键词： angle-only tracking hybrid dynamics maneuvering targets reference probability

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Analysis of Acoustic Signatures of small firearms for Gun Shot Localization 13

Analysis of Acoustic Signatures of small firearms for Gun Sh...

引用

13th IEEE International conference on signal processing (ICSP)

作者： Nimmy, Pathrose Nair, K. Raveendran Murali, R. Rajesh, K. R. Nimmy, Mathew Vishnu, S. Govt India Vellayambalam Ctr Dev Adv Comp Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India

ISBN: (纸本)9781509013456

During an ambush it is very important to identify the direction of attack for retaliation. A gunshot localizer in this scenario can alert the troops of the incoming bullet. Firing of a gun produces a high sound pressure which can be used for locating the shooting position. Such devices also find application in high security areas to listen for any probable attacks. For detecting and localizing a gunshot, an array of microphones connected to a data Acquisition and processing Unit is employed. the microphones listen to acoustical events and the associated system continuously looks for any signal of interest. Following the signal detection Time Difference of Arrival of the sound at the different microphones are processed to extract the positional information of a gunshot. the positional information comprises of Azimuth, Elevation and Range of the source of gunfire relative to the sensor array. We at CDAC, Trivandrum have developed an Acoustic Gun Shot Detector for small fire arms and extensive field trials were conducted for system evaluation at firing ranges. this paper presents an analysis of the Acoustical Characteristics of small firearms based on the recorded data and test results of field trials.

关键词： Azimuth Elevation Range Time Difference of Arrival sensor array Acoustical Characteristics

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Radar reflectivity spatial profile of 3D surrogate targets and real vehicles 13

Radar reflectivity spatial profile of 3D surrogate targets a...

引用

13th European conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)

作者： Toss, Henrik Karlsson, Kristian Res Inst Sweden RISE RISE Safety & Transport Elect Boras Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9788890701887

In this paper a method to find a radar reflectivity spatial profile for comparing 3D surrogate targets with real vehicles is proposed. Utilizing this method, the spatial profile can be acquired using only high-level data from an automotive grade radar. For data within a small angular window at arbitrary aspect angle relative to the target, the proposed method back-projects Radar Cross Section (RCS) detections, to build up a spatial profile. this profile can then be used to evaluate multiple scattering centers on targets, which are important during test of autonomous vehicles and active safety functions. the method is used on measured data from 3D surrogate targets as well as real vehicles, which are presented in the paper.

关键词： radar RCS measurement

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SINGLE-CHANNEL SPEECH ENHANCEMENT WIth SEQUENTIALLY TRAINED DNN SYSTEM 13

SINGLE-CHANNEL SPEECH ENHANCEMENT WITH SEQUENTIALLY TRAINED ...

引用

13th IEEE International conference on signal processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS)

作者： Sun, Yang Xian, Yang Wang, Wenwu Naqvi, Syed Mohsen Newcastle Univ Intelligent Sensing & Commun Res Grp Newcastle Upon Tyne Tyne & Wear England Univ Surrey Ctr Vis Speech & Signal Proc Guildford Surrey England

ISBN: (纸本)9781728121949

One of the recent methods for speech enhancement is to find the mapping function between noisy speech mixture and the clean speech signals with a trained deep neural network (DNN) model, especially in the monaural case. Such a model, however, is often over-fit with the training data, and limited when dealing with noise and interferences that are unseen in the training process. To address this issue, we propose an enhancement system with two sequentially trained DNNs, in order to improve the generalization ability of the model. Two DNNs are trained sequentially using different training targets, with one applied to remove the noise interference and the other used to further improve the quality with time-frequency (T-F) mask. the TIMIT corpus, non-speech noise and NOI-SEX datasets are used to generate the training and testing data. Evaluations using perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ), the short-time objective intelligibility (STOI) and signal to distortion ratio (SDR) show the improved performance of the proposed method over the state-of-the-art method.

关键词： speech enhancement mapping-based sequentially time-frequency mask

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3-D track initiation in clutter using 2-D measurements

3-D track initiation in clutter using 2-D measurements

引用

13th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Lin, L Kirubarajan, T Bar-Shalom, Y Univ Connecticut Dept ECE Storrs CT 06269 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819441872

In this paper we present an algorithm for initiating 3-D tracks using range and azimuth (bearing) measurements from a 2-D radar on a moving platform. the work is motivated by the need to track possibly low-flying targets, e.g., cruise missiles, using reports from an aircraft-based surveillance radar. Previous work on this problem considered simple linear motion in a flat earth coordinate frame [13]. Our research extends this to a more realistic scenario where the earth's curvature is also considered. the target is assumed to be moving along a great circle at a constant altitude. After the necessary coordinate transformations, the measurements are nonlinear functions of the target state and the observability of target altitude is severely limited. the observability, quantified by the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB), is very sensitive to the sensor-to-target geometry. the paper presents a Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimator for estimating the target motion parameters in the Earth Centered Earth Fixed coordinate frame from 2-D range and angle measurements. In order to handle the possibility of false measurements and missed detections, which was not considered in [13], we use the Probabilistic data Association (PDA) algorithm to weight the detections in a frame. the PDA-based modified global likelihood is optimized using a numerical search. the accuracies obtained by the resulting ML-PDA estimator are quantified using the CRLB for different scnsor-target configurations. It is shown that the proposed estimator is efficient, that is, it meets the CRLB. Of particular interest is the achievable accuracy for estimating the target altitude, which is not observed directly by the 2-D radar, but can be only inferred from the range and bearing observations.

关键词： target tracking track initiation Cramer-Rao lower bound NIL estimator probabilistic data association

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Multitarget tracking and monopulse signal processing for spawning targets

Multitarget tracking and monopulse signal processing for spa...

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16th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Willett, P Blair, WD Ogle, T Univ Connecticut Storrs CT USA

ISBN: (纸本)081945351X

A monopulse radar is able to derive accurate angular measurements via intelligent processing of its sum and difference channel returns. Recently there have emerged techniques for angular estimation of several unresolved targets. meaning targets that are. in principle, merged within the same radar beam, can be extracted separately. the key is the joint exploitation of information in several range bins. Here we show the performance of this approach in a high-fidelity simulation: we observe considerable improvement in track RMSE, but little corresponding, gain in track completeness. Coupled with a hidden Markov model on target number, however, the performance is impressive.

关键词： radar target tracking radar signal processing resolution

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