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检索条件"任意字段=13th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications"

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Cost Assessment for Implementation of embedded Prognostic Health Management for Electronic systems

Cost Assessment for Implementation of Embedded Prognostic He...

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13th ieee InterSociety conference on thermal and thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic systems (Itherm)

作者： Lall, Pradeep Lowe, Ryan Goebel, Kai Cooper, Will Auburn Univ Dept Mech Engn NSF Elect Res Ctr CAVE3 Auburn AL 36849 USA NASA Ames Res Ctr Moffett Field CA 94035 USA John Deere Elect Syst Fargo ND 58102 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424495320

Prognostic health management (PHM) is a method for assuring the reliability of a system by monitoring the system in real time as it is used in the field. As the system wears out, but before failure, information that facilitates decision making about the future use of the system is delivered to the user. In this paper, a cost justification has been developed for incorporating the additional circuitry needed to enable prognostics for electrical components directly onto a functional circuit board. Implementing PHM capability for circuit boards will add additional cost to a system, so high reliability systems where the cost of failure is high are easiest to cost justify for prognostics. Aerospace, defense and automotive, applications qualify as high reliability systems. Application domains that require high uptime, minimal amounts of unplanned maintenance, and controllable operating costs can also be cost justified for prognostics since they can benefit from the pro-active management of failures facilitated by PHM. Intangible criteria such as safety or the cost of human life also motivated the need for PHM, so often times projects are labeled strategic, and not subjected to the discipline of a fmancial analysis. this paper will show rigorous methods for assessing the decision to invest in PHM for electronics. the uncertain nature of research and development (R&D) and difficult to predict future economic conditions is not well captured by traditional discounted cash flow (DCF) methods. An approach known as the Datar-Mathews (DM) method will extend the DCF methods to be equivalent to a real options analysis and the Black-Scholes formula. the DM method is intuitive and uses concepts familiar to most engineers and technical managers.

关键词： Prognostics Cost Justification Residual Life Assessment Black-Scholes Monte Carlo Datar-Mathews method

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Optimizing the deployment of distributed real-time embedded applications

Optimizing the deployment of distributed real-time embedded ...

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18th ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications, RTCSA 2012

作者： Mehiaoui, Asma Tucci-Piergiovanni, Sara Babau, Jean-Philippe Lemarchand, Laurent CEA LIST DILS Point Courrier n 174 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France Lab.-STICC UBO UEB 20 avenue Le Gorgeu 29200 Brest France

ISBN: (纸本)9781467330176

the synthesis of a valid and optimized deployment model from functional and platform models is a crucial issue in the development of distributed real-time systems. the synthesis consists in the allocation of functions/signals to execution nodes/communication buses, the mapping of functions/signals into tasks/messages and the priority assignment to tasks/messages. Current approaches provide partial solutions for the synthesis of a deployment model on distributed platforms, as either the allocation or the mapping is fixed a-priori. In order to tackle this problem we propose an optimization technique, based on two different mathematical programming formulations, to handle optimization of both allocation and mapping. the optimization is multi-objective and considers extensibility maximization, latency minimization and minimization of the number of tasks. the obtained solutions satisfy timing and platform resources requirements. An automotive case study shows the effectiveness of our approach. © 2012 ieee.

关键词： Mapping

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An efficient scheduling for low power in real-time embedded systems

An efficient scheduling for low power in real-time embedded ...

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2012 5th international conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications, ATC 2012

作者： Dinh-Duc, Anh-Vu HoChiMinh City University of Technology HoChiMinh City Viet Nam

ISBN: (纸本)9781467343527

Power-aware computing has become popular recently and many techniques have been proposed to manage processor energy consumption for traditional real-time applications. To reduce the power consumption' the power management should consider the effect of checking pending periodic tasks. the contribution of this paper is twofold. First' the paper proposes an efficient scheduling method to manage the periodic tasks. then' this management has been implemented and validated in a real-time operating system (RTOS). the experimental results show that an optimistic result can be achieved with this method. © 2012 ieee.

关键词： real time systems

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An Efficient Scheduling For Low Power in real-time embedded systems

An Efficient Scheduling For Low Power in Real-time Embedded ...

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5th international conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC)

作者： Anh-Vu Dinh-Duc HoChiMinh City Univ Technol Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam

ISBN: (纸本)9781467343527;9781467343510

Power-aware computing has become popular recently and many techniques have been proposed to manage processor energy consumption for traditional real-time applications. To reduce the power consumption, the power management should consider the effect of checking pending periodic tasks. the contribution of this paper is twofold. First, the paper proposes an efficient scheduling method to manage the periodic tasks. then, this management has been implemented and validated in a real-time operating system (RTOS). the experimental results show that an optimistic result can be achieved with this method.

关键词： Low power scheduling periodic tasks real-time systems embedded systems

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A GRASP-based heuristic for the project portfolio selection problem

A GRASP-based heuristic for the project portfolio selection ...

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15th ieee international conference on Computational Science and Engineering, CSE 2012 and 10th ieee/IFIP international conference on embedded and Ubiquitous computing, EUC 2012

作者： Mira, Cleber Feijão, Pedro Souza, Maria Angélica Moura, Arnaldo Meidanis, João Lima, Gabriel Schmitz, Rafael Bossolan, Renato P. Freitas, Ítalo T. Scylla Bioinformatics Campinas Brazil Institute of Computing Unicamp Campinas Brazil AES-Tietê Brazil Mechanical Engineering Department Unicamp Campinas Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780769549149

the project portfolio selection (PPS) problem consists of constructing a project portfolio, that is, a selection of projects scheduled over a period of time using various, potentially conflicting, criteria and resource constraints. the PPS is a well-known problem, recurrently occurring in several applications, with a rich history of approaches for modeling it and a large number of techniques for solving it. In this work we present a model for the PPS problem based on a real-world situation of selection and scheduling of projects in the power generation industry. We also propose a heuristic, based on the metaheuristic GRASP, to solve the problem, and assess its quality and performance through computational experiments. We describe the implementation of a decision support system prototype for the PPS problem that uses the proposed heuristic and includes several usability features that may help decision makers through the selection process. © 2012 ieee.

关键词： Decision support systems

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Energy-efficient application mapping in FPGA through computation in embedded memory blocks

Energy-efficient application mapping in FPGA through computa...

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25th international conference on VLSI Design, VLSID 2012 and the 11th international conference on embedded systems

作者： Ghosh, Anandaroop Paul, Somnath Bhunia, Swarup Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780769546384

FPGAs have emerged as the preferred prototyping and accelerator platform for diverse application domains such as digital signal processing (DSP), security and multimedia, which often impose real-time performance requirements. Most applications in these domains demand efficient implementation of complex datapaths or functions e.g. transcendental functions, which are spatially mapped in the configurable logic or embedded DSP blocks of a FPGA device. Requirement of elaborate computational resources to realize these operations impose a major barrier to energy efficiency. In this paper, we propose to use embedded memory blocks in FPGA for computing to significantly improve energy efficiency of the applications which are dominated by complex datapaths and/or functions. Complex operations are decomposed or fused into large multiple input/output lookup tables (LUTs);mapped to embedded memory blocks and evaluated through memory access over single or multiple cycles. Different parts of an application are selectively mapped into memory or logic/DSP blocks in a heterogeneous mapping framework to maximize energy efficiency. We explore optimal energy configuration of embedded memory for mapping operations of varying input size and develop a complete mapping flow including decomposition, fusion and packing. Effectiveness of the proposed flow is evaluated for a set of applications using a commercial state-of-the-art FPGA system (Altera Stratix IV). Finally, the proposed framework is extended to drastically trade-off energy versus accuracy at run time for common signal processing applications. © 2012 ieee.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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MinMax: A sampling interval control algorithm for process control systems

MinMax: A sampling interval control algorithm for process co...

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18th ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications, RTCSA 2012

作者： Zhu, Xiuming Huang, Pei-Chi Han, Song Mok, Aloysius K. Chen, Deji Nixon, Mark Univ. of Texas Austin TX United States Emerson Process Management United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467330176

the traditional sampling method in process control systems is based on a periodic task model. this is because controllers are executed in a strictly periodic manner. Sensors sample the process data and send it periodically to the appropriate controllers through a communication system such as the field bus. Since the field bus is shared by multiple sensors, there is some delay (control loop latency)between the sampling and control actions. In order to minimize the control loop latency, a higher than necessary sampling frequency is typically adopted, which results in unnecessary waste of energy. In this paper, we propose Min Max: a sampling interval control algorithm for tackling this problem. In Min Max, sampling tasks are not periodic but have both maximum and minimum distance constraints. this sampling model has advantages that are especially important in the domain of wireless control for industrial automation. We shall then discuss the jitter property of sampling schemes under this model and propose algorithms for controlling the sampling intervals of sensors in terms of the Min Max problem (UMin Max) which we shall introduce. though this problem is NP-hard in general, even for special case of unit-time tasks, we show how to reduce Min Max to well-studied scheduling models such as Liu and Layland-type periodic models and pinwheel models, at the expense of some loss of schedulability. these reductions allow us to derive efficient schedulability tests that can be used to solve the sampling interval control problem in practice. Simulations are used to compare the performance of different UMin Max schedulers in two key figures of merit: the acceptance ratio and the jitter ratio. Simulation of a process control system model also shows that UMin Max can reduce about 40% of the traffic load on the communication system which is especially important for energy-aware wireless process control applications. © 2012 ieee.

关键词： Jitter

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Embeddable, smart, DC operated UPS for small and mid sized battery backup applications

Embeddable, smart, DC operated UPS for small and mid sized b...

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2012 13th international conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment, OPTIM 2012

作者： Géza, Csernáth László, Turos Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences Sapientia University Tg. Mureş Romania RandD Engineer Gautinfo Ltd. Tg. Mureş Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781467316507

Today's desired power managing devices are smart, embeddable, highly energy efficient and with small form factor. the main goal of each design is to find the optimal combination between performance and costs. the performance can be raised with optimized control algorithms implemented on a powerful MCU platform capable of performing even multiple tasks in parallel. A good shaped charging and balancing algorithm could increase overall battery lifetime and performance when backing up critical systems that needs to be up all the time, and doing all these at a relative reduced cost. Fast reaction time of the system is critical so that the devices connected to the UPS output remain always powered. Several reconfigurable electrical and environmental parameters and different communication channels with this smart UPS ensures that it can be embedded in a wide range of electrical systems. © 2012 ieee.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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A low-complexity HEVC intra prediction algorithm based on level and mode filtering

A low-complexity HEVC intra prediction algorithm based on le...

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2012 13th ieee international conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2012

作者： Sun, Heming Zhou, Dajiang Goto, Satoshi Graduate School of Information Production and Systems Waseda University Kitakyushu Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467316590

HEVC achieves a better coding efficiency relative to prior standards, but also involves increased complexity. For intra prediction, complexity is especially intensive due to a highly flexible coding unit structure and a large number of prediction modes. this paper presents a low-complexity intra prediction algorithm for HEVC. A fast preprocessing stage based on a simplified cost model is proposed. Based on its results, a level filtering scheme reduces the number of prediction unit levels that requires fine processing from 5 to 2. To supply level filtering decision with appropriate thresholds, a fast training method is also designed. A mode filtering scheme further reduces the maximum number of angular modes to be evaluated from 34 to 9. Complexity reduction from HM 3.0 is over 50% and stable for various sequences, which makes the proposed algorithm suitable for real-time applications. the corresponding bit rate increase is lower than 2.5%. © 2012 ieee.

关键词： real time systems

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Efficient level of service classification for traffic monitoring in the compressed video domain

Efficient level of service classification for traffic monito...

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2012 13th ieee international conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2012

作者： Tusch, Roland Pletzer, Felix Krätschmer, Armin Böszörmenyi, Laszlo Rinner, Bernhard Mariacher, thomas Harrer, Manfred Institute of Information Technology Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt Klagenfurt Austria Institute of Networked and Embedded Systems Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt Klagenfurt Austria Department of Telematic Services ASFINAG Maut Service GmbH Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781467316590

this paper presents a new method for estimating the level of service (LOS) on motorways in the compressed video domain. the method performs statistical computations on motion vectors of MPEG4 encoded video streams within a predefined region of interest to determine a set of four motion features describing the speed and density of the traffic stream. these features are fed into a Gaussian radial basis function network to classify the corresponding LOS. To improve the classification results, vectors of moving objects are clustered and outliers are eliminated. the proposed method is designed to be executed on a server system, where a large number of camera live streams can be analyzed in parallel in real-time. Evaluations with a comprehensive set of real-world training and test data from an Austrian motorway have shown an average accuracy of 86.7% on the test data set for classifying all four LOS levels. With a mean execution time of 48 microseconds per frame on a common server, hundreds of video streams can be analyzed in real-time. © 2012 ieee.

关键词： Image segmentation

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