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Detection and Localization of Multiple Unresolved Extended targets via Monopulse Radar signal processing

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS 2009年第2期45卷 455-472页

作者： Zhang, Xin Willett, Peter Bar-Shalom, Yaakov United Technol Res Ctr E Hartford CT 06108 USA Univ Connecticut Dept Elect & Comp Engn Storrs CT 06269 USA

When the size of targets is comparable to the range resolution of monopulse radars, these targets should be considered as extended rather than point targets. If several closely-spaced targets fall within the same radar beam and between adjacent matched filter samples in range, the full monopulse information from all of these samples can and should be used to resolve these targets, i.e., estimate the number of targets and their respective angles-of-arrival and ranges. To detect and localize multiple unresolved extended targets, we establish a model for monopulse radar returns from extended objects, and present a maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) to localize the targets. Rissanen's minimum description length (MDL) criterion will be used to decide the number of existing extended objects. We also derive the upper limit on the number of targets and their scattering centers that can be resolved, and we provide necessary conditions for these targets to be uniquely identified. We compare the new extended target monopulse processing scheme with previously developed point-target monopulse techniques in the simulations.

关键词： RADAR ELECTRONIC pulse techniques ELECTRONIC systems signal processing -- Digital techniques MACHINE theory

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A 64 Channels 14-Bit 50 MS/sec data Acquisition Card with Real Time processing in VME Form Factor.

A 64 Channels 14-Bit 50 MS/sec Data Acquisition Card with Re...

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16th IEEE/NPSS Real-Time conference

作者： Martin, J-P Mercier, C. Starinsky, N. Univ Montreal Lab Rene JA Levesque Montreal PQ H3C 3J7 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781424457960

A 64 channels digitizer card has been designed for the readout of auxiliary detectors at the TRIUMF ISACII TIGRESS facility. the card has been optimized for the readout of silicon strip detectors and scintillator arrays. However, it is general enough in functionality to be adaptable for most applications. Each channel consist of a 50 MS/sec 14-bit ADC with LVDS serial output (at 700 MHZ). the high density of the card is made possible by the use of small footprint octal ADC chips. Groups of 4 octal ADC's have their fast serial outputs connected to Altera Stratix FPGA'S that read out the data streams and perform the required real time processing of the digitized signals. For the silicon detector application, the processing is essentially to apply pole-zero compensation, perform the digital filtering of the preamplifiers pulse shapes, evaluate the charge, and calculate a time stamp. the module is laid out in the standard VME 6U 4HP format, and consists of two types of assemblies: a VME carrier board that contains a data assembler, general services and I/O interfaces, and two mezzanines that contain the ADC's and the signal processing FPGA's. the module can be accessed through the VME bus, but also has a fast CAT6 serial LVDS serial communication link compatible with the TIGRESS readout system.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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A 64 channels 14-bit 50 MS/sec data acquisition card with real time processing in VME form factor

A 64 channels 14-bit 50 MS/sec data acquisition card with re...

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IEEE NPSS conference on Real Time

作者： J.-P. Martin C. Mercier N. Starinsky Laboratoire René J. A. Lévesque Université de Montreal Montreal QUE Canada

关键词： data acquisition Detectors Silicon Field programmable gate arrays signal processing Assembly Sensor arrays Performance evaluation Digital filters Filtering

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Distributed estimation in large wireless sensor networks via a locally optimum approach

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON signal processing 2008年第2期56卷 748-756页

作者： Marano, Stefano Matta, Vincenzo Willett, Peter Univ Salerno Dept Informat & Elect Engn DIIIE I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy Univ Connecticut Dept Elect & Comp Engn Storrs CT 06269 USA

A wireless sensor network (WSN) engaged in a decentralized estimation problem is considered. the nonrandorn unknown parameter lies in some small neighborhood of a nominal value and, exploiting this knowledge, a locally optimum estimator (LOE) is introduced. Under the LOE paradigm, the sensors of the network process their observations by means of a suitable nonlinearity (the score function), before delivering data to the fusion center that outputs the final estimate. Usually continuous-valued data cannot be reliably delivered from sensors to the fusion center, and some form of data compression is necessary. Accordingly, we design the scalar quantizers that must be used at the network's nodes in order to comply with the estimation problem at hand. Such a difficult multiterminal inference problem is shown to be asymptotically equivalent to the already solved problem of designing optimum quantizers;for reconstruction (as opposed to inference) purposes.

关键词： data fusion distributed estimation scoring method wireless sensor networks

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Target Detection and Parameter Estimation for MIMO Radar Systems

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS 2008年第3期44卷 927-939页

作者： Xu, Luzhou Li, Jian Stoica, Petre Univ Florida Dept Elect & Comp Engn Gainesville FL USA Uppsala Univ Div Syst & Control Dept Informat Technol Uppsala Sweden

We investigate several target detection and parameter estimation techniques for a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar system. By transmitting independent waveforms via different antennas, the echoes due to targets at different locations are linearly independent of each other, which allows the direct application of many data-dependent beamforming techniques to achieve high resolution and excellent interference rejection capability. In the absence of array steering vector errors, we discuss the application of several existing data-dependent beamforming algorithms including Capon, APES (amplitude and phase estimation) and CAPES (combined Capon and APES), and then propose an alternative estimation procedure, referred to as the combined Capon and approximate maximum likelihood (CAML) method. Via several numerical examples, we show that the proposed CAML method can provide excellent estimation accuracy of both target locations and target amplitudes. In the presence of array steering vector errors, we apply the robust Capon beamformer (RCB) and doubly constrained robust Capon beamformer (DCRCB) approaches to the MIMO radar system to achieve accurate parameter estimation and superior interference and jamming suppression performance.

关键词： MIMO communication array signal processing echo suppression jamming maximum likelihood estimation radar detection radar resolution Capon and approximate maximum likelihood estimation MIMO radar systems data-dependent beamforming technique interference re Apes capon Echo cancellers Radar systems Parameter estimation RADAR RESOLUTION Object detection array signal processing maximum likelihood estimation CAMLG gene MIMO communication MIMO radar radar detection

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Target detection by distributed sensors: distributed sensor concept-DISCO for small target detection

Target detection by distributed sensors: distributed sensor ...

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20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Rafailov, Michael K. QinetiQ NA Reston VA 20191 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

Distributed Sensor Concept - DISCO was proposed [I] for multiplication of individual sensor capabilities through non-coherent cooperative target engagement. the signal processing technique for DISCO is Recursive Adaptive Frame Integration of Limited data - RAFIL technique [2] that was initially proposed as a way to improve the SNR [3], reduce data rate [4] and mitigate FPA noise for IR sensors [5]. In DISCO, the RAFIL technique is used in a segmented way, when constituencies of the technique are spatially and temporally separated between individual sensors. Each sensor provides to and receives data from other sensors in the network. In this paper efficiency of DISCO is discussed for acquisition, accurate handover and track correlation of small targets.

关键词： multiple sensor system distributed sensors distributed apertures accurate target detection frame integration data rate recursive processing double threshold

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Robust scale invariant small target detection using the Laplacian scale-space theory

Robust scale invariant small target detection using the Lapl...

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20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Kim, Sungho Yang, Yukyung Lee, Joohyoung Park, Yongchan Agcy Defense Dev Taejon 305600 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

this paper presents a new small target detection method using scale invariant feature. Detecting small targets whose sizes are varying is very important to automatic target detection in infrared search and track (IRST). the conventional spatial filtering methods with fixed sized kernel show limited target detection performance for incoming targets. the scale invariant target detection can be defined as searching for maxima in the 3D (x, y, and scale) representation of an image with the Laplacian function. the scale invariant feature can detect different sizes of targets robustly. Experimental results with real FUR images show higher detection rate and lower false alarm rate than conventional methods. Furthermore, the proposed method shows very low false alarms in scan-based IR images than conventional filters.

关键词： small target robust detection varying size scale invariant scale-space

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Detection of small objects in multi-layered infrared images

Detection of small objects in multi-layered infrared images

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20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Wang, Jing Bao, Shangqi Ralph, Jason F. Goulermas, John Y. Univ Liverpool Dept Elect Engn & Elect Liverpool L69 3GJ Merseyside England

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

this paper uses super-resolution methods to detect small objects in infrared image sequences from a simulated airborne platform, using image registration techniques for automatic sightline stabilisation. the scene consists of multiple layers, corresponding to a static background scene and layers of cloud cover at varying heights. the motivation is to evaluate the performance of super-resolution methods in the presence of three-dimensional structured infrared clutter.

关键词： object detection super-resolution automatic sightline stabilisation infrared imagery clouds

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small object hyperspectral detection from a low-flying UAV

Small object hyperspectral detection from a low-flying UAV

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20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Murray-Krezan, J. Neumann, J. G. Leathers, R. A. USN Res Lab Washington DC 20375 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

small object detection with a low false alarm rate remains a challenge for automated hyperspectral detection algorithms when the background environment is cluttered. In order to approach this problem we are developing a compact hyperspectral sensor that can be fielded from a small unmanned airborne platform. this platform is capable of flying low and slow, facilitating the collection of hyperspectral imagery that has a small ground-sample distance (GSD) and small atmospheric distortion. Using high-resolution hyperspectral imagery we simulate various ranges between the sensor and the objects of interest. this numerical study aids in analysis of the effects of stand-off distance on detection versus false alarm rates when using standard hyperspectral detection algorithms. Preliminary experimental evidence supports our simulation results.

关键词： hyperspectral HSI GSD small object detection

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Aspect aware UAV localization

Aspect aware UAV localization

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20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Berger, Christian R. Zhou, Shengli Willett, Peter Univ Connecticut Dept Elect & Comp Engn Storrs CT 06269 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

We consider target detection and tracking of stealthy targets. these targets can be characterized by a, strong aspect dependence leading to difficult detectability without a multi-static setup. Even in a multi-static setup only sensors in a, certain zone can detect the return signal, if the the aspect dependent return has a small bandwidth. We propose a solution based on a large number of simple sensor, as using many receivers increases the probability of detection. the sensors are simple in the sense that they only transmit binary detection results to a fusion center that has comparatively deep capabilities, and they do not need to know their own position or communicate with other sensors. We characterize the target position estimation performance using the Cramer-Rao bound and simulation results, considering uncertainty in nuisance parameters as the sensor positions or the specifics of the aspect dependence. We suggest a data collection protocol that includes locating sensors that detect the target and has low communication complexity. As a, novelty we also include information about "non-localized" sensors, as sensors which do not detect the target stay quiet to save bandwidth and energy, therefore are not known to the fusion center except via knowledge of the deployed sensor density and deployment region.

关键词： Sensors Target detection signal detection Binary data Unmanned aerial vehicles Receivers Fusion energy signal to noise ratio Error analysis data communications

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