XP is a social activity as well as a technical activity. the social side of XP is emphasized typically in the values and principles which underlie the technical practices. However, the fieldwork studies we have carrie...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540262776
XP is a social activity as well as a technical activity. the social side of XP is emphasized typically in the values and principles which underlie the technical practices. However, the fieldwork studies we have carried out with mature XP teams have shown that the technical practices themselves are also intensely social: they have social dimensions that arise from and have consequences for the XP approach. In this paper, we report on elements of XP practice that show the social side of several XP practices, including test-first development, simple design, refactoring and on-site customer. We also illustrate the social side of the practices in combination through a thematic view of progress.
A retrospective is a standard agile meeting practice designed for agilesoftware teams to reflect and tune their process. Despite its integral importance, we know little about what aspects are focused upon during retr...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319576336;9783319576329
A retrospective is a standard agile meeting practice designed for agilesoftware teams to reflect and tune their process. Despite its integral importance, we know little about what aspects are focused upon during retrospectives and how reflection occurs in this practice. We conducted Case Study research involving data collected from interviews of sixteen software practitioners from four agile teams and observations of their retrospective meetings. We found that the important aspects focused on during the retrospective meeting include identifying and discussing obstacles, discussing feelings, analyzing previous action points, identifying background reasons, identifying future action points and generating a plan. Reflection occurs when the agile teams embody these aspects within three levels of reflection: reporting and responding, relating and reasoning, and reconstructing. Critically, we show that agile teams may not achieve all levels of reflection simply by performing retrospective meetings. One of the key contributions of our work is to present a reflection framework for agile retrospective meetings that explains and embeds three levels of reflection within the five steps of a standard agile retrospective. agile teams can use this framework to achieve better focus and higher levels of reflection in their retrospective meetings.
A recent phenomenon in the world of acceptance testing is tools that emphasize the creation of a domain language in which to express tests. the benefits of this are twofold: customers and testers are more likely to ge...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540262776
A recent phenomenon in the world of acceptance testing is tools that emphasize the creation of a domain language in which to express tests. the benefits of this are twofold: customers and testers are more likely to get involved in tests expressed in a language they understand. Also, tests that express intentions rather than mechanics tend to be much easier to maintain in the long run as they do not break when circumstantial things change. the aim of this workshop is to see how tools that support this work in practice. the presenters have each been involved in the development of such a tool, TextTest+xUseCase, Fit+FitLibrary and Exactor, respectively, and there is room for attendees to bring their own tools along too. We aim to learn enough about these tools to compare and contrast them with each other, as well as withagile approaches that are less focussed on the creation of a domain language.
Pair programming has often been reported to be beneficial in software projects. To better understand where these benefits come from we evaluate the aspect of intra-pair communication. Under the assumption that the ben...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642130533
Pair programming has often been reported to be beneficial in software projects. To better understand where these benefits come from we evaluate the aspect of intra-pair communication. Under the assumption that the benefits stem from the information being exchanged, it is important to analyze the types of information being communicated. Based on the Goal Question Metric method we derive a set of relevant metrics and apply them in an extremeprogramming class room project. Data covering a total of 22.9 hours of intra-pair communication was collected. We found that only 7% of the conversations were off-topic (e.g. private), 11% about requirements, 14% about design, and 68% about implementation details (e.g. syntax). Accordingly, a great share of the information being exchanged in Pair programming is on a low level of abstraction. these results represent a first data point on what kind of information is communicated to what extent during Pair programming.
software describes an imagined machine. To be software, the description must be executable, which means written so a computer can animate it. Non-executable descriptions (specifications, designs, &c.) are instrume...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540350942
software describes an imagined machine. To be software, the description must be executable, which means written so a computer can animate it. Non-executable descriptions (specifications, designs, &c.) are instrumental to this work;they are intermediate texts. We advance a model of software development as the collaborative writing of a series of descriptions. We propose the chief distinction of agile development to be the exclusion from this process of the human translation of intermediate texts. We distinguish supported and unsupported communication. We analyse the success of extremeprogramming in terms of avoiding unsupported communication and prioritising feedback from executable descriptions. We describe functional programming techniques to construct notations that allow programmers and users to collaborate writing executable system descriptions, collapsing distinctions between analysis, design, coding and testing. We describe a metric of code clarity, semantic density, which has been essential to the success of this work. We report the use of these techniques in the Pensions division of Britain's largest insurer, and its effect on the business.
this paper(1) takes a look at how XP and other agile practices can improve a software process for the development of avionics software. Developers of mission critical airborne software are heavily constrained by the R...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540350942
this paper(1) takes a look at how XP and other agile practices can improve a software process for the development of avionics software. Developers of mission critical airborne software are heavily constrained by the RTCA DO-178B regulations [8]. these regulations impose strict rules regarding traceability and documentation that make it extremely hard to employ an iterative software development process. In particular, the extra validation overhead increases the time spent on small iteration cycles (for example, a bug-fix) to several weeks. Currently, this sector is also pressed to switch to a more agile, customer driven approach. In this paper we investigate how to speed up development and cope with changing requirements using agile techniques. the research was carried out in cooperation with Barco, a major Belgian avionics equipment supplier. We explain why certain agile techniques have less effect as the project progresses. We point out the stadia in which each XP practice is beneficial and where XP practices might cause a slowdown.
Experience from numerous agile teams in the transition to agile methods in the Ericsson Operation and Maintenance has shown that teamwork and collaboration are crucial to achieving success. this finding motivated a re...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642130533
Experience from numerous agile teams in the transition to agile methods in the Ericsson Operation and Maintenance has shown that teamwork and collaboration are crucial to achieving success. this finding motivated a review of how sports coaches work to build effective teams. the review highlighted certain characteristics that sports coaches deem fundamental to success. this report details these finding and how we use these characteristics to helping teams improve.
Knowledge is a core resource for agile organisations that is transformed into products and services during the development process. Sharing of knowledge is essential across any organisation, and it has been claimed th...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319576336;9783319576329
Knowledge is a core resource for agile organisations that is transformed into products and services during the development process. Sharing of knowledge is essential across any organisation, and it has been claimed that the software industry requires more knowledge management than any other sector. agile methodologies concentrate on team level collaboration, and some techniques for inter-team knowledge sharing have also proved to be successful. But these techniques focus on within-team and between-team knowledge sharing rather than knowledge sharing across the organisation. this paper presents the results of a survey with 81 responses on organisational knowledge sharing in a multinational agile company. the survey focuses on three aspects of knowledge sharing: within agile teams, beyond the team with company colleagues, and with customers. It concentrates on knowledge sharing practices, ease of knowledge sharing and motivation for knowledge sharing. Summary statistics, regression, and test of equity are used as analysis techniques. Results show that knowledge sharing with team members is significantly easier than with customers or company colleagues beyond their team. In addition, using agile practices improves ease of knowledge sharing within teams but not with customers or colleagues. Extrinsic motivators need to be in place to encourage knowledge sharing across the organisation, especially where such knowledge sharing is not an automatic consequence of completing the work.
Even though agile development has been known for many years, it is mainly used in information systems and is not common yet in embedded systems. Despite the mandatory regulations, the companies would like to increase ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319186122;9783319186115
Even though agile development has been known for many years, it is mainly used in information systems and is not common yet in embedded systems. Despite the mandatory regulations, the companies would like to increase the flexibility by the benefits of agile development. thus, the idea is creating an agile Capability Analysis with a subsequent Process Simulation, resulting in appropriate process extensions adhere to mandatory requirements. Because often agile methods require context-specific adaptations, we believe that the up-front investigation which agile practices to integrate into processes entails many benefits, especially in regulated domains.
this paper is believed to be the first documented account of a full adoption of lean by a software company. Lean techniques were devised by Toyota and other manufacturers over the last 50 years. the techniques are ter...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540262776
this paper is believed to be the first documented account of a full adoption of lean by a software company. Lean techniques were devised by Toyota and other manufacturers over the last 50 years. the techniques are termed lean because they require less resource to produce more product and exceptional quality. Lean ideas have also been successful in service industries and product development. Applying lean to software has been advocated for over 10 years. Timberline, Inc started their lean initiative in Spring 2001 and this paper records their journey, results and lessons learned up to Fall 2003. this case study demonstrates that lean thinking can work successfully for software developers. It also indicates that the extensive lean literature is a valuable source of new ideas for softwareengineering.
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