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Comparison of image processing techniques (magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography scan and ultrasound) for 3D modeling and analysis of the human bones

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JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING 1997年第3期10卷 203-206页

作者： Mehta, BV Rajani, S Sinha, G GEN MOTORS DIMENS CONTROL SYSTDETROITMI LEXEL ENGN TROYMI

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography scanning (CT scan), and ultrasound imaging techniques {UI} were used for data acquisition to construct/develop a 3D solid model of the human tibia, femur, and skull, CT scan was found to he an acceptable technique for cadavers. CT scans are harmful to the human body in large doses, while MRIs and ultrasound are known to be safe. However, MRIs form a better tool in performing this image generation task for living beings because of its high resolution capacity when compared with images obtained using ultrasound techniques. High resolution poses to be a very important factor, as the consideration of various material properties of the bones was part of the emphasis of this research. MRIs have the capacity of displaying a distinct boundary between the muscles and the bone, in addition to the boundary between the cortical and the cancellous region within the bone. Ultrasound was found to be the cheapest technique and gave reasonably good results for just the outside boundaries of the bone. the models of the human bones were generated on a Computer Aided Design (CAD) system, the cross-sections obtained from (MRI, CT, or UI) were scanned into the computer. Image processing software was used to detect the boundaries of the bones. A C + + program was used to read the coordinates of the edges and construct a B-spline curve on the CAD system. the curves were converted to a B-rep solid using skinning. the solid models were meshed, constrained, and material properties were assigned to different regions of the models for Finite Element analysis (FEM). Copyright (C) 1997 by W.B. Saunders Company.

关键词： 3-D modeling FEM biomechanics MRI CT scan ultrasound

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Autoradiographic visualization of B1 bradykinin receptors in porcine vascular tissues in the presence or absence of inflammation

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IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY 1996年第1-3期33卷 95-100页

作者： SchremmerDanninger, E Offner, A Siebeck, M HeinzErian, P Gais, P Roscher, AA DEPT PEDIAT CLIN BIOCHEM SECTMUNICHGERMANY UNIV MUNICH KLINIKUM INNENSTADTDEPT SURGD-8000 MUNICHGERMANY FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM UMWELT & GESUNDHEIT DEPT GSFMUNICHGERMANY

B1 bradykinin receptors were visualized by using the B1 bradykinin receptor agonist [H-3]des-Ar-10-kallidin in receptor autoradiography experiments. Cryosections were prepared from arterial vessels from a healthy control pig, a pig with pre-existing inflammation and an animal with experimental sepsis induced by an infusion of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Only diffusely scattered silver grains with no preference for a distinct tissue structure were detected on emulsion-coated coverslips above the cryosections from the healthy control animal. this indicates that under normal circumstances no or only minute amounts of B1 bradykinin receptors are present in these tissues. In contrast, a 3-fold increase in specific B1 bradykinin receptor binding was observed on both the corresponding preparations of the sick piglet and of that with experimentally induced sepsis. A similar enhancement of specific [H-3]des-Arg(10)-kallidin binding occurred in preparations devoid of endothelium. By comparison with the stained cryosection on the slide the silver grains showed a preferential distribution above smooth muscle cells. Taken together our data are consistent with the hypothesis that B1 bradykinin receptors are induced in the muscle layer of large vessels not only after experimentally-induced sepsis but also in pre-existing inflammatory disease.

关键词： arterial vessel B1 bradykinin receptor receptor autoradiography sepsis inflammation

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Knowledge-based system approach for scientific data analysis and the notion of metadata

Knowledge-based system approach for scientific data analysis...

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Proceedings of the 1995 14th IEEE symposium on Mass Storage Systems

作者： Kapetanios, Epaminondas Kramer, Ralf Research Cent Karlsruhe-Technology and Environment Germany

Over the last few years, dramatic increases and advances in mass storage for both secondary and tertiary storage made possible the handling of big amounts of data (for example, satellite data, complex scientific experiments, and so on). However, to the full use of these advances, metadata for data analysis and interpretation, as well as the complexity of managing and accessing large datasets through intelligent and efficient methods, are still considered to be the main challenges to the information-science community when dealing with large databases. Scientific data must be analyzed and interpreted by metadata, which has a descriptive role for the underlying data. Metadata can be, partly, a priori definable according to the domain of discourse under consideration (for example, atmospheric chemistry) and the conceptualization of the information system to be built. It may also be extracted by using learning methods from time-series measurement and observation data. In this paper, a knowledge-based management system (KBMS) is presented for the extraction and management of metadata in order to bridge the gap between data and information. the KBMS is a component of an intelligent information system based upon a federated architecture, also including a database management system for time-series-oriented data and a visualization system.

关键词： data storage equipment

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ASPECTS OF QUALITY ASSURANCE WIthIN thE INDUSTRIAL thERMAL-analysis LABORATORY

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thERMOCHIMICA ACTA 1995年第1期256卷 1-8页

作者： WILLCOCKS, PH ICI Materials Wilton Research Centre P.O. Box 90 Wilton Middlesbrough Cleveland TS90 8JE UK

the use of thermal analysis as part of the quality systems in industry can be effective only if the techniques are made to conform to high standards of quality assurance. Achieving the high standards required is not always straightforward and there are a large number of potential and unresolved problems. Fundamental aspects which have to be considered include limitations due to instrument design, computerised control and analysis, validation of data and the overall requirements of, or conformance to, international quality programmes.

关键词： CALIBRATION QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY CONTROL STANDARDIZATION TA TMA

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Approximate performance model of a Unitree mass storage system

Approximate performance model of a Unitree mass storage syst...

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Proceedings of the 1995 14th IEEE symposium on Mass Storage Systems

作者： Pentakalos, Odysseas I. Menasce, Daniel A. Halem, Milt Yesha, Yelena Univ of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore United States

Mass storage systems are finding greater use in scientific computing research environments for retrieving and archiving the large volumes of data generated and manipulated by scientific computation. this paper presents a queuing network model that can be used to carry out capacity planning studies of the Unitree mass storage system. Measurements taken on an existing system and a detailed workload characterization provided the workload intensity and resource demand parameters for the various types of read and write requests. the performance model developed here is based on approximations to multi-class mean value analysis of queuing networks. the approximations were validated through the use of discrete event simulation. the resulting baseline model was used to predict the performance of the system as the workload intensity increases.

关键词： data storage equipment

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A knowledge-based system approach for scientific data analysis and the notion of metadata

A knowledge-based system approach for scientific data analys...

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IEEE symposium on Mass Storage Systems

作者： E. Kapetanios R. Kramer Institute of Applied Computer Science Research Center Karlsruhe-Technology and Environment Germany Forschungszentrum Informatik Germany

关键词： Knowledge based systems data analysis Deductive databases Management information systems data mining Knowledge management Satellites Chemistry Learning systems Atmospheric measurements

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Caching and migration for multilevel persistent object stores

Caching and migration for multilevel persistent object store...

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IEEE symposium on Mass Storage Systems

作者： R. Grossman D. Hanley Xiao Qin Laboratory for Advanced Computing University of Illinois Chicago Chicago IL USA

We propose an architecture for scalable persistent object managers that provide access to large numbers of objects distributed over a variety of physical media. Our approach is lightweight in that we are interested in providing direct support for the creation, access, and updating of persistent objects, but only indirect support for the other functions traditionally associated with an object oriented database, such as transactions, back up, recovery, or a query language. this design allows application programmers access to the productivity and performance of using objects, while relying on an underlying hierarchical storage system to manage the large amounts of data. Our design is layered and multilevel in that it caches and migrates large-grained physical collections of objects called folios from tape to networked disks. Separately, it also caches and migrates smaller-grained physical collections of objects called segments between nodes on a network. Segments are then moved into memory as usual for persistent object managers. In this paper, we also describe the implementation of a system called PTool based upon this design and give a description of preliminary performance results.

关键词： Laboratories Object oriented databases database languages Computer architecture Programming profession Productivity Memory management Algorithm design and analysis Computer network management NASA

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An approximate performance model of a Unitree mass storage system

An approximate performance model of a Unitree mass storage s...

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IEEE symposium on Mass Storage Systems

作者： O.I. Pentakalos D.A. Menasce M. Halem Y. Yesha University of Maryland Baltimore USA George Mason University USA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center USA

Mass storage systems are finding greater use in scientific computing research environments for retrieving and archiving the large volumes of data generated and manipulated by scientific computation. the paper presents a queuing network model that can be used to carry out capacity planning studies of the Unitree mass storage system. Measurements taken on an existing system and a detailed workload characterization provided the workload intensity and resource demand parameters for the various types of read and write requests. the performance model developed here is based on approximations to multi-class mean value analysis of queuing networks. the approximations were validated through the use of discrete event simulation. the resulting baseline model was used to predict the performance of the system as the workload intensity increases.

关键词： Predictive models Network servers Scientific computing Information retrieval Utility programs File systems Telecommunication traffic Traffic control NASA Queueing analysis

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3DVIEWNIX - A MACHINE-INDEPENDENT SOFTWARE SYSTEM FOR thE visualization AND analysis OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL BIOMEDICAL IMAGES 14

3DVIEWNIX - A MACHINE-INDEPENDENT SOFTWARE SYSTEM FOR THE VI...

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14th ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONF OF thE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY

作者： UDUPA, JK ODHNER, D HUNG, HM GONCALVES, RJ SAMARASEKERA, S Medical Image Processing Group Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia 19104 PA United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780307852

3DVIEWNIX is a data-, machine-, and application-independent software system for the visualization and analysis of multimodality biomedical images. It is based on UNIX, C, X-Window, and our own multidimensional generalization the ACR-NEMA standards for image representation. Its design is image dimensionality independent to make it just as convenient to process 2D and 3D data as it is for higher-dimensional data. Its design is not tied to any specific approach, machine or application. It supports a large variety of visualization and analysis methods that run on from super graphics workstations to PC's for a variety of applications. It is an open, user expandable software system intended to promote cooperative research.

关键词： Image representation

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3DVIEWNIX: A machine-independent software system for the visualization and analysis of multidimensional biomedical images

3DVIEWNIX: A machine-independent software system for the vis...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： J. K. Udupa D. Odhner H. M. Hung R. J. Goncalves S. Samarasekera Medical Image Processing Group Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA

关键词： three dimensional displays Biomedical imaging Image resolution Computed tomography visualization

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