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检索条件"任意字段=15th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications"

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Experimental teaching reform to embedded system curriculum 15

Experimental teaching reform to embedded system curriculum

引用

15th international conference on Computer Science and Education, ICCSE 2020

作者： Liu, Xing Zhao, Yaobang Yuan, Jingling Rao, Wenbi Lu, Liping Huang, Fei Wuhan University of Technology Hubei Key Laboratory of Transport IoT Wuhan China Wuhan University of Technology Computer Science and Technology Wuhan China Yangtze University Western Research Institute Xinjiang China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728172675

With the rapid development of embedded technology, the traditional experiments of embedded system curriculum meet several challenges, such as the experiment design is lack of comprehensive perspective, the experimental program is insufficient to cultivate the students' independent development ability, and the teaching contents cannot keep up with the development trend of embedded technology. To address these challenges, an experimental teaching reform to the embedded system curriculum is implemented in this paper. To enable the students to build a comprehensive perspective to the embedded system architecture, five courses related to the embedded system are integrated to construct a complete embedded architecture ranging from the underlying hardware to the upper application. To strengthen the students' independent development ability, a real-time multithreaded embedded OS is required to be developed by the students. To keep the teaching contents up with the development trend of embedded technology, some emerging technologies such as multi-core embedded architecture, LoRa, NB-IoT, etc., are proposed and used as the experimental cases. the experimental teaching reform targets to enable the students to establish a comprehensive embedded system perspective, become proficient in the embedded software and hardware skills, cultivate the cross-layer software and hardware collaborative optimization thinking, and master the way to solve some difficulties in the embedded system. the teaching reform has been implemented in the Internet-of-things speciality for four years, and the survey results proved it had achieved the expected teaching effects effectively. © 2020 ieee.

关键词： embedded systems

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Reliable timekeeping for Intermittent computing 20

Reliable Timekeeping for Intermittent Computing

引用

25th international conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating systems (ASPLOS)

作者： de Winkel, Jasper Delle Donne, Carlo Yildirim, Kasim Sinan Pawelczak, Przemyslaw Hester, Josiah Delft Univ Technol Delft Netherlands Univ Trento Trento Italy Northwestern Univ Evanston IL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450371025

Energy-harvesting devices have enabled Internet of things applications that were impossible before. One core challenge of batteryless sensors that operate intermittently is reliable timekeeping. State-of-the-art low-power real-time clocks suffer from long start-up times (order of seconds) and have low timekeeping granularity (tens of milliseconds at best), often not matching timing requirements of devices that experience numerous power outages per second. Our key insight is that time can be inferred by measuring alternative physical phenomena, like the discharge of a simple RC circuit, and that timekeeping energy cost and accuracy can be modulated depending on the run-time requirements. We achieve these goals with a multi-tier timekeeping architecture, named Cascaded Hierarchical Remanence timekeeper (CHRT), featuring an array of different RC circuits to be used for dynamic timekeeping requirements. the CHRT and its accompanying software interface are embedded into a fresh batteryless wireless sensing platform, called Botoks, capable of tracking time across power failures. Low start-up time (max 5 ms), high resolution (up to 1 ms) and run-time reconfigurability are the key features of our timekeeping platform. We developed two time-sensitive batteryless applications to demonstrate the approach: a bicycle analytics tool-where the CHRT is used to track time between revolutions of a bicycle wheel, and wireless communication-where the CHRT enables radio synchronization between two intermittently-powered sensors.

关键词： Energy Harvesting timekeeping embedded Sensor Networks

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Broadband real-time Spectrum Monitoring Algorithm for Radio Wave

Broadband Real-Time Spectrum Monitoring Algorithm for Radio ...

引用

international conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments, ICEMI

作者： Xianhai Wang Teng Wang Jun Han Chuan Yin Jinhong Luo Biwei Qian School of Electronic Engineering Changzhou College of Information Technology Changzhou Industrial Internet Research Institute Co. Ltd. Changzhou China School of Electronic Engineering Changzhou College of Information Technology Changzhou China National Astronomical Observatories of China Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Electronics and Information Hangdian University Hangzhou

ISBN: (纸本)9781665444927

To improve the performance of real-time spectrum monitoring for complex electromagnetic environments, a high-speed parallel spectrum analysis algorithm for broadband signals is proposed. It combines a WOLA filter bank and an FFT, associated with a decimation of data output by the WOLA filter bank and a selection of the data output part by the FFT, thereby realizing wideband spectrum analysis with an ultra-high frequency resolution. An analysis of the algorithm's principle and characteristics indicates that the algorithm exhibits optimal channelization characteristics and flexible architecture, and eliminates interferences between adjacent channels within the entire Nyquist frequency bandwidth. the simulation results verify the accuracy of the algorithm and demonstrates that it has optimal spectral analysis performance. the algorithm improves the system's ability to capture and observe broadband signals, and is suitable for various radio spectrum monitoring applications.

关键词： Simulation Filter banks Interference real-time systems Broadband communication Spectral analysis Monitoring

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Mixed-Trust computing for real-time systems 25

Mixed-Trust Computing for Real-Time Systems

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25th ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： de Niz, D. Andersson, B. Klein, M. Lehoczky, J. Vasudevan, A. Kim, H. Moreno, G. Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Univ Calif Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781728131979

Verifying complex Cyber-Physical systems (CPS) is increasingly important given the push to deploy safety-critical autonomous features. Unfortunately, traditional verification methods do not scale to the complexity of these systems and do not provide systematic methods to protect verified properties when not all the components can be verified. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a real-time mixed-trust computing framework that combines verification and protection. the framework introduces a new task model, where an application task can have both an untrusted and a trusted part. the untrusted part allows complex computations supported by a full OS with a real-time scheduler running in a VM hosted by a trusted hypervisor. the trusted part is executed by another scheduler within the hypervisor and is thus protected from the untrusted part. If the untrusted part fails to finish by a specific time, the trusted part is activated to preserve safety (e.g., prevent a crash) including its timing guarantees. this framework is the first allowing the use of untrusted components for CPS critical functions while preserving logical and timing guarantees, even in the presence of malicious attackers. We present the framework design and implementation along with the schedulability analysis and the coordination protocol between the trusted and untrusted parts. We also present our Raspberry Pi 3 implementation along with experiments showing the behavior of the system under failures of untrusted components, and a drone application to demonstrate its practicality.

关键词： Task analysis real-time systems Computational modeling Timing Safety Runtime Complexity theory

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Fault-Tolerant Regularity-Based real-time Virtual Resources 25

Fault-Tolerant Regularity-Based Real-Time Virtual Resources

引用

25th ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Cheng, Albert M. K. Dai, Guangli Paluri, Pavan Kumar Ansari, Mansoor Knape, Darrel Li, Yu Univ Houston Dept Comp Sci Houston TX 77004 USA Houston Mechatron Webster TX 77598 USA Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24060 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781728131979

Many safety-critical applications employ embedded real-time systems where both timing and fault tolerance requirements must be continually satisfied. the Regularity-based Resource Partition Model (RRP), which is known for its code level independence between resource level and task level, is used to schedule resource partitions in virtualized real-time systems. this paper presents a fault tolerance model for Regularity-based real-time Virtual Resources to recover from transient hardware faults without modifying user applications. the proposed framework consists of a checkpointing mechanism called Fault-Tolerant RRP with a checkpointing partition followed by a redundancy partition prepared for re-execution to satisfy task deadlines despite the occurrence of faults. the frequency of checkpoints and the number of time slices in the redundancy partition are parameterized by the fault rate of the hardware resource and the sum of the availability factors of the original partition sets. Extensive theoretical analysis and simulation-based experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed framework while incurring minimal overhead.

关键词： Task analysis Fault tolerance Fault tolerant systems real-time systems Checkpointing Transient analysis Schedules

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Formalizing Ontologies for AI Models Validation: from OWL to Event-B

Formalizing Ontologies for AI Models Validation: from OWL to...

引用

international conference on Semantic computing

作者： Mohamed Ould Bah Zakaryae Boudi Mohamed Toub Abderrahim Ait Wakrime Ghassane Aniba Mohammadia School of Engineers Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco

ISBN: (数字)9781728188997

ISBN: (纸本)9781728189000

Quality data is of decisive importance for controlling critical cyber-physical systems. Most common real-life systems are driven by unstructured, decentralized, and growing amounts of data, while validation requires coherent data, that is well structured, consistent, and without ambiguities. Often, ontologies are well-suited for capturing domain knowledge data, deriving requirements, providing analysis, and developing applications. Still, ontological representations fall short when it comes to formal verification and validation, especially for large complex systems. In this research, we suggest a fully automated approach to transform ontology axioms, expressed in the Web Ontology Language (OWL), to Event-B predicates. We show, in a practical example, how bridging OWL to Event-B can scale the validation of ontology-driven AI systems.

关键词： OWL Semantics Transforms Ontologies Cyber-physical systems Artificial intelligence Formal verification

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Partitioned Scheduling for Dependency Graphs in Multiprocessor real-time systems 25

Partitioned Scheduling for Dependency Graphs in Multiprocess...

引用

25th ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Shi, Junjie Ueter, Niklas von der Brueggen, Georg Chen, Jian-Jia TU Dortmund Univ Dortmund Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728131979

Effectively handling precedence constraints and resource synchronization is a challenging problem in the era of multiprocessor systems even with massively parallel computation power. One common approach is to apply list scheduling to a given task graph with precedence constraints. However, in some application scenarios, such as the OpenMP task model and multiprocessor partitioned scheduling for resource synchronization using binary semaphores, several operations can be forced to be tied to the same processor, which invalidates the list scheduling. this paper studies a special case of this challenging scheduling problem, where a task comprised of (at most) three subtasks is executed sequentially on the same processor and the second subtasks of the tasks may have sequential dependencies, e.g., due to synchronization. We demonstrate the limits of existing algorithms and provide effective heuristics considering preemptive execution. the evaluation results show a significant improvement, compared to the existing multiprocessor partitioned scheduling strategies.

关键词： Task analysis Processor scheduling real-time systems Synchronization Partitioning algorithms Schedules Protocols

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Performance of Secure Boot in embedded systems 15

Performance of Secure Boot in Embedded Systems

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15th Annual international conference on Distributed computing in Sensor systems (DCOSS)

作者： Profentzas, Christos Gunes, Mirac Nikolakopoulos, Yiannis Landsiedel, Olaf Almgren, Magnus Chalmers Univ Technol Gothenburg Sweden Univ Kiel Kiel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728105703

With the proliferation of the Internet of things (IoT), the need to prioritize the overall system security is more imperative than ever. the IoT will profoundly change the established usage patterns of embedded systems, where devices traditionally operate in relative isolation. Internet connectivity brought by the IoT exposes such previously isolated internal device structures to cyber-attacks through the Internet, which opens new attack vectors and vulnerabilities. For example, a malicious user can modify the firmware or operating system by using a remote connection, aiming to deactivate standard defenses against malware. the criticality of applications, for example, in the Industrial IoT (IIoT) further underlines the need to ensure the integrity of the embedded software. One common approach to ensure system integrity is to verify the operating system and application software during the boot process. However, safety-critical IoT devices have constrained boot-up times, and home IoT devices should become available quickly after being turned on. therefore, the boot-time can affect the usability of a device. this paper analyses performance trade-offs of secure boot for medium-scale embedded systems, such as Beaglebone and Raspberry Pi. We evaluate two secure boot techniques, one is only software-based, and the second is supported by a hardware-based cryptographic storage unit. For the software-based method, we show that secure boot merely increases the overall boot time by 4%. Moreover, the additional cryptographic hardware storage increases the boot-up time by 36%.

关键词： embedded systems Internet of things Secure Boot System Security

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Stack memory requirements of AUTOSAR/OSEK-compliant scheduling policies 25

Stack memory requirements of AUTOSAR/OSEK-compliant scheduli...

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25th ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Bril, Reinder J. Altmeyer, Sebastian Gai, Paolo Tech Univ Eindhoven TU E Eindhoven Netherlands Univ Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands Evidence Srl Pisa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781728131979

Stack sharing between tasks may significantly reduce the amount of memory required in resource-constrained real-time embedded systems. Existing work on stack sharing mainly focused on stack sharing between tasks that neither leave any data on the stack from one instance to another nor suspend themselves, i.e. tasks with a so-called single-shot execution. In this paper, we consider stack memory requirements of AUTOSAR/OSEK-compliant scheduling policies for a mixed task set, consisting of so-called basic and extended tasks. Unlike basic tasks, that have a single-shot execution, extended tasks are allowed to leave data on the stack from one instance to another and to suspend themselves. We prove that minimizing the shared stack requirement for such a mixed task set is an NP-hard problem. We subsequently provide an heuristic-based algorithm to minimize stack usage of a mixed task set, and evaluate the algorithm through a case study of an implementation of an unmanned aerial vehicle.

关键词： Task analysis Memory management real-time systems Indexes Prediction algorithms NP-hard problem Heuristic algorithms

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Monitoring and Predicting Driving Performance Using EEG Activity 15

Monitoring and Predicting Driving Performance Using EEG Acti...

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15th international conference on Computer Engineering and systems, ICCES 2020

作者： Elsherif, Ahmed Karaman, Ahmed Ahmed, Omar Magdy, Omar Shouman, Reham El-Noumier, Rita Hamed, Ahmed M. Eldawlatly, Hany Eldawlatly, Seif Ain Shams University Computer and Systems Engineering Department Cairo Egypt Mentor A Siemens Business Cairo Egypt Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology German University in Cairo Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9780738105598

Human error is considered one of the major causes of car accidents. One potential approach to reduce human driving errors is to continuously monitor the driver's performance while driving. this could help in detecting potential risks and thus reduce the likelihood of accidents. In this paper, we introduce a machine learning system that analyzes the driver's brain activity to monitor and predict the driver's performance. While driving, the system monitors the driver's mental state by analyzing acquired Electroencephalography (EEG) signals. Additionally, the proposed system acquires EEG activity from the driver before driving and predicts the driving performance along the intended route. the proposed system is tailored for the Automotive Open System Architecture (AUTOSAR) framework. Our results demonstrate the ability of the system to classify the mental state of the driver in real-time into three states (focused, unfocused, and drowsy) with a mean accuracy of 96.5% across three examined subjects. the system also predicts the driver's performance before driving from the recorded EEG signals with a mean accuracy of 85%. these results indicate the utility of EEG signals analysis in enhancing the safety of futuristic automotive applications. © 2020 ieee.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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