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检索条件"任意字段=15th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications"

共 2151 条记录，以下是381-390 订阅

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Hard real-time Capable OPC UA Server as Hardware Peripheral for Single Chip IoT systems 24

Hard Real-Time Capable OPC UA Server as Hardware Peripheral ...

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24th ieee international conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Iatrou, Chris Paul Bauer, Heiner Graube, Markus Hoppner, Sebastian Rahm, Julian Urbas, Leon Tech Univ Dresden Chair Proc Control & Syst Engn Dresden Germany Tech Univ Dresden Chai Highly Parallel VLSI Syst & Neuromicroelect Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728103037

the fast semantics project examines the use of the OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) in embedded industrial systems and proposes the design of a customizable, hard real time capable OPC UA Intellectual Property Core (IP Core) for single chip computing plattforms. this allows using OPC UA in both novel energy efficient sensor applications and in state of the art field devices. these single chip OPC UA servers form the semantic data sources for future applications such as cloud based added value services or machine learning applications. this article presents the design alternatives and first synthesis results for the implementation of OPC UA servers in embedded systems.

关键词： opc ua process automation iot system on chip soc fpga asic intellectual property core ip core

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Scheduling real-time Deep Learning Services as Imprecise Computations

Scheduling Real-time Deep Learning Services as Imprecise Com...

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ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Shuochao Yao Yifan Hao Yiran Zhao Huajie Shao Dongxin Liu Shengzhong Liu Tianshi Wang Jinyang Li Tarek Abdelzaher University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign VMware Pinterest

ISBN: (数字)9781728144030

ISBN: (纸本)9781728144047

the paper presents a real-time computing framework for intelligent real-time edge services, on behalf of local embedded devices that are themselves unable to support extensive computations. the work contributes to a new direction in realtime computing that develops scheduling algorithms for machine intelligence tasks that enable anytime prediction. We show that deep neural network workflows can be cast as imprecise computations, each with a mandatory part and (several) optional parts whose execution utility depends on input data. With our design, deep neural networks can be preempted before their completion and support anytime inference. the goal of the realtime scheduler is to maximize the average accuracy of deep neural network outputs while meeting task deadlines, thanks to opportunistic shedding of the least necessary optional parts. the work is motivated by the proliferation of increasingly ubiquitous but resource-constrained embedded devices (for applications ranging from autonomous cars to the Internet of things) and the desire to develop services that endow them with intelligence. Experiments on recent GPU hardware and a state of the art deep neural network for machine vision illustrate that our scheme can increase the overall accuracy by 10% ~ 20% while incurring (nearly) no deadline misses.

关键词： Task analysis Neural networks Graphics processing units real-time systems Sensors Measurement Machine learning

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On Building Cooperative Intelligent Transportation systems over Public Transports 15

On Building Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems o...

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15th ieee international Wireless Communications and Mobile computing conference (ieee IWCMC)

作者： Mahjri, Imen Faye, Sebastien Khadraoui, Djamel LIST 5 Ave Hauts Fourneaux L-4362 Esch Sur Alzette Luxembourg

ISBN: (纸本)9781538677476

Cooperative Intelligent Transportation systems (C-ITS) have gained an increasing interest in the last few years. Within these systems, vehicles use wireless communications to cooperatively exchange information in the perspective of enhancing traffic efficiency and comfort. Public transport represents an excellent candidate for C-ITS support. Indeed, unlike private cars, public transport vehicles are inherently cooperative and can be easily augmented with wireless communication capabilities. In this paper, we analyze the communication contact opportunities between public transport buses. Understanding these contacts is a basic building block towards the design and deployment of intelligent, distributed and cooperative applications on top of bus public transport systems. We particularly investigate bus-to-bus contacts in the actual bus public transport of the entire Luxembourg city over a whole day. this city is a representative example of many other European cities. Our study shows that both space and time are chief factors in the characterization of bus-to-bus contacts. Different geographical regions and daytimes show varied contacts properties. Our analysis thus stresses the importance of considering large-scale scenarios when evaluating C-ITS.

关键词： C-ITS distributed systems public transport bus-to-bus contacts

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Exploiting Simultaneous Multithreading in Priority-Driven Hard real-time systems

Exploiting Simultaneous Multithreading in Priority-Driven Ha...

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ieee international conference on embedded and real-time computing systems and applications (RTCSA)

作者： Sims Hill Osborne Shareef Ahmed Saujas Nandi James H. Anderson University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina U.S.A.

ISBN: (数字)9781728144030

ISBN: (纸本)9781728144047

Simultaneous multithreading (SMT) has the ability to dramatically improve real-time scheduling, but existing methods are cumbersome, frequently need specialized hardware, or are limited to producing table-based schedules. Here, an easily portable method for quickly applying SMT to priority-driven hard real-time systems is given. Using a combination of integer linear programming and heuristic bin-packing, a partitioned earliest-deadline-first (EDF) scheduler that takes advantage of SMT is produced. the integer linear programming and partitioning are done offline, but generally require only a few seconds, even given over a hundred tasks. A large-scale schedulability study is conducted, showing that compared to partitioned scheduling without SMT, the schedulable utilization for the considered hardware platform is nearly doubled in the best cases.

关键词： Schedules Multithreading Heuristic algorithms Integer linear programming Tools real-time systems Hardware

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Low-Latency CoAP Processing in FPGA for the Internet of things 12

Low-Latency CoAP Processing in FPGA for the Internet of Thin...

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ieee Int Congr on Cybermat / 12th ieee Int Conf on Cyber, Phys and Social Comp (CPSCom) / 15th ieee Int Conf on Green computing and Communications (GreenCom) / 12th ieee Int Conf on Internet of things (ithings) / 5th ieee Int Conf on Smart Data

作者： Brasilino, Lucas R. B. Swany, Martin Indiana Univ Sch Informat Comp & Engn Bloomington IN 47408 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781728129808

A prominent characteristic of Internet of things is the seamless integration of diverse, heterogeneous technologies working together to empower cyber-physical spaces and experiences, effectively changing how we perceive the environment around us. Myriads of applications supported by IoT require diverse communication patterns and network requirements. Although IoT infrastructure is often associated to high latency communication, a significant number of applications demand low latency - Augmented reality and Industrial IoT, for instance. A considerable amount of embedded devices' processing power is dedicated to performing network message exchanges. thus, speeding up their execution while alleviating the CPU load is crucial and has a beneficial impact to the whole IoT application. In this paper, we present a design and implementation of a CoAP Accelerator as a hardware module synthesizable in an FPGA, and a companion programming model. the accelerator cooperates with the device's CPU and/or other embedded hardware, enabling the entire IoT device to sustain high protocol processing rates at low latency. Evaluations were carried out and have demonstrated the endpoint's performance improvement on the order of 308%.

关键词： Internet of things IoT FPGA Programmable Logic Hardware embedded systems CoAP Networking

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A Network Architecture for High Volume Data Collection in Agricultural applications 15

A Network Architecture for High Volume Data Collection in Ag...

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15th Annual international conference on Distributed computing in Sensor systems (DCOSS)

作者： Zorbas, Dimitrios O'Flynn, Brendan Univ Coll Cork Tyndall Natl Inst Cork Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9781728105703

An important requirement for Internet of things applications is the ability to provide fast and energy efficient data collection from wireless sensors. When sensor nodes are located far from the data collection point, currently available long range protocols present challenges associated with a very low data rate and often unreliable connections resulting in excessive energy consumption related to data transmission. To address this problem, we propose a simple and energy-efficient data collection architecture for smart agricultural purposes which require wireless sensing. the architecture involves data collection from nodes located in remote fields or on animals leveraging off the use of drones as a data collection mechanism. In particular, drones can fly over the desired areas (points) and collect high volumes of data that would be otherwise difficult to transfer directly to the sink in a reasonable amount of time and using reasonable amounts of energy. We describe the different components and stages that constitute the proposed architecture emphasizing the networking component. We propose the use of different communication technologies, such as LoRa and WiFi, depending on the data collection requirements. We present an in-lab development of this architecture as a proof-of-concept as well as preliminary results for the architecture. the results reveal that the proposed solution is potentially capable of achieving data collection at high volume, however, the performance does not consider the highest spreading factors of LoRa.

关键词： Drones Data collection Protocols Temperature measurement Animals Sensors Monitoring

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A Framework to Solve the Energy, Makespan and Lifetime Problems in Reliability-driven Task Scheduling 12

A Framework to Solve the Energy, Makespan and Lifetime Probl...

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作者： Zhou, Junlong Cao, Kun Sun, Jin Zhang, Yi Wei, Tongquan Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol Sch Comp Sci & Engn Nanjing 210094 Peoples R China East China Normal Univ Dept Comp Sci & Technol Shanghai 200062 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728129808

Traditional reliability-driven task scheduling (RTS) is able to increase or maintain reliability by using techniques (e.g., replication, rollback recovery, and frequency elevation) that either tolerate the occurred transient faults or decrease the transient fault rate. the reliability-aware techniques however would inevitably lead to soaring energy consumption, longer makespan as well as high temperature which results in a shortened device lifetime. Previous work on RTS often neglects these problems. this paper proposes a framework for reliability-aware real-time MPSoCs, in which three novel RTS mechanisms are developed to solve the energy, makespan, and temperature-induced lifetime problems. Extensive simulation-based experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Results have shown that the proposed scheme has a better performance in saving energy, reducing makespan, and improving availability while maintaining high reliability as compared to several representative existing approaches.

关键词： real-time embedded systems Task Scheduling Reliability Energy Makespan Temperature and Lifetime

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M-DB: A Continuous Data Processing and Monitoring Framework for IoT applications 12

M-DB: A Continuous Data Processing and Monitoring Framework ...

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作者： Arora, Vaibhav Amiri, Mohammad Javad Agrawal, Divyakant El Abbadi, Amr Univ Calif Santa Barbara Dept Comp Sci Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781728129808

IoT devices influence many different spheres of society and are predicted to have a huge impact on our future. Extracting real-time insights from diverse sensor data and dealing with the underlying uncertainty of sensor data are two main challenges of the IoT ecosystem In this paper, we propose a data processing architecture, M-DB, to effectively integrate and continuously monitor uncertain and diverse IoT data. M-DB constitutes of three components: (1) model-based operators (MBO) as data management abstractions for IoT application developers to integrate data from diverse sensors. Model-based operators can support event-detection and statistical aggregation operators, (2) M-Stream, a dataflow pipeline that combines model-based operators to perform computations reflecting the uncertainty of underlying data, and (3) M-Store, a storage layer separating the computation of application logic from physical sensor data management, to effectively deal with missing or delayed sensor data. M-DB is designed and implemented over Apache Storm and Apache Kafka, two open-source distributed event processing systems. Our illustrated application examples throughout the paper and evaluation results illustrate that M-DB provides a realtime data-processing architecture that can cater to the diverse needs of IoT applications.

关键词： IoT real-time Processing Abstractions Prediction

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Novel Arithmetics to Accelerate Machine Learning Classifiers in Autonomous Driving applications 26

Novel Arithmetics to Accelerate Machine Learning Classifiers...

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26th ieee international conference on Electronics, Circuits and systems (ICECS)

作者： Cococcioni, Marco Rossi, Federico Ruffaldi, Emanuele Saponara, Sergio Univ Pisa Dept Informat Engn Pisa Italy MMI Spa Pisa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781728109961

Autonomous driving techniques frequently need the clustering and the classification of data coming from several input sensors, like cameras, radar and lidars. these sub-tasks need to be implemented in real-time in embedded on-board computing units. the trend for data classification and clustering in the signal processing community is moving towards machine learning (ML) algorithms. One of them, which plays a central role, is the k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) algorithm. To meet stringent requirements in terms of real-time computing capability and circuit/memory complexity, ML accelerators are needed. Innovation is required in terms of computing arithmetic since classic integer numbers lead to low classification accuracy with respect to the needs of safety critical applications like autonomous driving. Instead, floating numbers require too much circuit and memory. To overcome these issues the paper shows that the use of a new format, called Posit, implemented in a new cppPosit software library, can lead to a k-NN implementation having the same accuracy of floats, but with halved bit-size. this means that a Posit Processing Unit ( PPU) reduces by a factor higher than 2 the data transfer and storage complexity of ML accelerators. We also prove that a LUT-based complete tabulated implementation of a PPU for a 8-bit requires just 64 kB storage size, compliant with memory-constrained devices.

关键词： k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) Alternative real Representation Posits Machine Learning (ML) Accelerator

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Interrupting real-time IoT Tasks: How Bad Can It Be to Connect Your Critical embedded System to the Internet?

Interrupting Real-Time IoT Tasks: How Bad Can It Be to Conne...

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ieee international conference on Performance, computing and Communications (IPCCC)

作者： Ilja Behnke Lukas Pirl Lauritz thamsen Robert Danicki Andreas Polze Odej Kao Technische Universität Berlin Germany Hasso Plattner Institute Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728198293

ISBN: (纸本)9781728198309

embedded systems have been used to control physical environments for decades. Usually, such use cases require low latencies between commands and actions as well as a high predictability of the expected worst-case delay. To achieve this on small, low-powered microcontrollers, real-time Operating systems (RTOSs) are used to manage the different tasks on these machines as deterministically as possible. However, with the advent of the Internet of things (IoT) in industrial applications, the same embedded systems are now equipped with networking capabilities, possibly endangering critical real-time systems through an open gate to *** paper presents our initial study of the impact network connections can have on real-time embedded systems. Specifically, we look at three aspects: the impact of network-generated interrupts, the overhead of the related networking tasks, and the feasibility of sharing computing resources between networking and real-time tasks. We conducted experiments on two setups: One treating NICs and drivers as black boxes and one simulating network interrupts on the machines. the preliminary results show that a critical task performance loss of up to 6.67% per received packet per second could be induced where lateness impacts of 1% per packet per second can be attributed exclusively to ISR-generated delays.

关键词： Performance evaluation embedded systems Microcontrollers real-time systems Delays Internet of things Task analysis

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