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检索条件"任意字段=16th Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets"

共 487 条记录，以下是211-220 订阅

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Particle Filter Tracking for the Banana Problem

Particle Filter Tracking for the Banana Problem

引用

25th SPIE conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Romeo, Kevin Willett, Peter Bar-Shalom, Yaakov Univ Connecticut Dept Elect & Comp Engn Storrs CT 06269 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497079

In this paper we present an approach for tracking with a high-bandwidth active sensor in very long range scenarios. We show that in these scenarios the extended Kalman filter is not desirable as it suffers from major consistency problems;and most flavors of particle filter suffer from a loss of diversity among particles after resampling. this leads to sample impoverishment and the divergence of the filter. In the scenarios studied, this loss of diversity can be attributed to the very low process noise. However, a regularized particle filter is shown to avoid this diversity problem while producing consistent results. the regularization is accomplished using a modified version of the Epanechnikov kernel.

关键词： Particles Particle filters Detection and tracking algorithms Filtering (signal processing) Gaussian filters Digital filtering Error analysis Sensors Active sensors Statistical analysis

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On Covariance Structure in Noisy, Big data

On Covariance Structure in Noisy, Big Data

引用

25th SPIE conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Paffenroth, Randy C. Nong, Ryan Du Toit, Philip C. Numerica Corp Loveland CO 80538 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497079

Herein we describe theory and algorithms for detecting covariance structures in large, noisy data sets. Our work uses ideas from matrix completion and robust principal component analysis to detect the presence of low-rank covariance matrices, even when the data is noisy, distorted by large corruptions, and only partially observed. In fact, the ability to handle partial observations combined with ideas from randomized algorithms for matrix decomposition enables us to produce asymptotically fast algorithms. Herein we will provide numerical demonstrations of the methods and their convergence properties. While such methods have applicability to many problems, including mathematical finance, crime analysis, and other large- scale sensor fusion problems, our inspiration arises from applying these methods in the context of cyber network intrusion detection.

关键词： Sensors Matrices Computer networks Algorithms Computer intrusion detection Optimization (mathematics) Principal component analysis Sensor fusion data fusion Veins

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Design of small-Area Transimpedance Optical Receiver Module for Optical Interconnects

Design of Small-Area Transimpedance Optical Receiver Module ...

引用

International conference on Advanced Communication Technology

作者： Jamshid Sangirov Ikechi Augustine Ukaegbu Nga T. H. Nguyen Tae-Woo Lee Mu-Hee Cho Hyo-Hoon Park Photonic Computer Systems Laboratory Electrical Engineering Department KAIST Daejeon Korea 305-701

ISBN: (纸本)9781479932177

the development and miniaturization of electronic devices and components is pushing the system devices and their interconnecting interfaces to become even smaller. thus, reducing the size of receiver (Rx) and transmitter (Tx) chips plays an plays an important role in designing a small-size optical modules utilized in o/e and e/o converters. therefore, designing a small-area optical Rx may require intuitive solutions, such as building single-ended Rx and utilizing some of the advantages of differential Rx. Optical Rx should convert optical input signal to voltage output signal and provide sufficient gain and frequency operation for feeding to subsequent blocks including clock and data recovery circuit (CDR) and/or Serializer and Deserializer (SerDes). therefore, we have designed a small-area transimpedance optical receiver (TIORx) using regulated-cascode (RGC) as an input stage which converts input photocurrent to voltage signal. the RGC block is connected to post amplifying stages to increase the overall transimpedance gain of the TIORx. the post amplifying gain stages utilizes two intersecting active feedback in order to increase the frequency operation in addition to increasing the gain of the proposed TIORx chip. the TIORx module is designed in a 0. 13μm CMOS technology and works up to 10 Gbps data rate. the TIORx chip core occupies an area of 0.051mm~2 with power consumption of 16.9 mW at 1.3 V. A measured 3-dB bandwidth of 6.9 GHz was obtained for the TIORx module with a transimpedance gain of 60 dB?.

关键词： Optical receiver small-area circuit design bandwidth improvement optical interconnections

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A Minimalist Approach to Bias Estimation for Passive Sensor Measurements with targets of Opportunity

A Minimalist Approach to Bias Estimation for Passive Sensor ...

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25th SPIE conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Belfadel, Djedjiga Osborne, Richard W., III Bar-Shalom, Yaakov Univ Connecticut Dept Elect & Comp Engn Storrs CT 06269 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497079

In order to carry out data fusion, registration error correction is crucial in multisensor systems. this requires estimation of the sensor measurement biases. It is important to correct for these bias errors so that the multiple sensor measurements and/or tracks can be referenced as accurately as possible to a common tracking coordinate system. this paper provides a solution for bias estimation for the minimum number of passive sensors (two), when only targets of opportunity are available. the sensor measurements are assumed time-coincident (synchronous) and perfectly associated. Since these sensors provide only line of sight (LOS) measurements, the formation of a single composite Cartesian measurement obtained from fusing the LOS measurements from different sensors is needed to avoid the need for nonlinear filtering. We evaluate the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) on the covariance of the bias estimate, i.e., the quantification of the available information about the biases. Statistical tests on the results of simulations show that this method is statistically efficient, even for small sample sizes (as few as two sensors and six points on the trajectory of a single target of opportunity). We also show that the RMS position error is significantly improved with bias estimation compared with the target position estimation using the original biased measurements.

关键词： Bias estimation bias observability statistical efficiency CRLB composite measurements maximum likelihood

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Fusing Time-of-Flight and Received signal Strength for Adaptive Radio-Frequency Ranging

Fusing Time-of-Flight and Received Signal Strength for Adapt...

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16th International conference on Advanced Robotics (ICAR)

作者： Oliveira, Luis Di Franco, Carmelo Abrudan, Traian E. Almeida, Luis IT DEEC FEUP P-4200465 Oporto Portugal Univ Pisa I-56126 Pisa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781479927227

Teams of mobile cooperative robots are ideal candidates for applications where the presence of humans is impossible or should be avoided. Knowing the positions of the robots in crucial in such scenarios. A possible solution is to derive relative positions from local communication. In this work, we propose an anchor-free online channel estimation method aimed at small multi-robot teams. By combining both the Time-of-Flight (ToF) and Received signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) ranging, provided by the nanoLoc devices, we perform an online estimation of the indoor log-distance path loss model. this model will then be used together with an Extended Kalman Filter to track distance between every pair of units. the advantages compared to previous work are: 1) we do not use any extra sensors, since all the data is captured from the transceiver module;2) we do not use any a priori knowledge, the channel model is estimated online, without the need of fixed anchor nodes;3) we support the high dynamics of RSSI with the improved accuracy of ToF.

关键词： Kalman filters

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Efficient Multiple Emitter Localization for Fully Decentralized Large-Scale/Low-Cost Multimodal Sensor Networks

Efficient Multiple Emitter Localization for Fully Decentrali...

引用

25th SPIE conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Haney, Philip J. Fiore, Paul D. BAE Syst 6 New England Execut Pk Burlington MA 01803 USA MIT Lincoln Lab Lexington MA 02420 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497079

this paper presents a robust approach to the problem of localizing multiple emitters in cluttered environments using a network of low-cost sensors. A pseudo maximum likelihood (PML) function, whose peaks strongly indicate the number and locations of the true emitters, is generated from available sensor measurements. Localization is performed by first iteratively associating the individual sensor measurements to the PML peaks and then generating true maximum likelihood (ML) estimates of the emitter locations based on the associated measurements. these emitter location estimates are fed to an EKF-based, decentralized architecture for initiating, sustaining and sharing local track activity throughout the sensor network. the iterative PML approach is shown to be efficient with computational complexity that is linear in the number of measurements. Additionally, simulation results illustrate the ability of the proposed approach to generate accurate emitter location estimates in cluttered environments for generating and sustaining all track activity in a fully decentralized sensor network.

关键词： Emitter Localization Multimodal Sensor Networks Maximum Likelihood Decentralized data Fusion

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Improving variance estimation ratio score calculation for slow moving point targets detection in infrared imagery sequences

Improving variance estimation ratio score calculation for sl...

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25th SPIE conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Huber-Shalem, Revital Hadar, Ofer Rotman, Stanley R. Huber-Lerner, Merav Evstigneev, Stanislav Ben Gurion Univ Negev Dept Commun Syst Engn POB 653 IL-84105 Beer Sheva Israel Ben Gurion Univ Negev Dept Elect & Comp Engn POB 653 IL-84105 Beer Sheva Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497079

Infrared (IR) imagery sequences are commonly used for detecting moving targets in the presence of evolving cloud clutter or background noise. this research focuses on slow moving point targets that are less than one pixel in size, such as aircraft at long ranges from a sensor. the target detection performance is measured via the variance estimation ratio score (VERS), which essentially calculates the pixel scores of the sequences, where a high score indicates a target is suspected to traverse the pixel. VERS uses two parameters - long and short term windows, which were predetermined individually for each movie, depending on the target velocity and on the clouds intensity and amount, as opposed to clear sky (noise), in the background. In this work, we examine the correlation between the sequences' spatial and temporal features and these two windows. In addition, we modify VERS calculation, to enhance target detection and decrease cloud-edge scores and false detection. We conclude this work by evaluating VERS as a detection measure, using its original version and its modified version. the test sequences are both original real IR sequences as well as their relative compressed sequences using our designated temporal DCT quantization method.

关键词： compression cosine filter discrete cosine transform (DCT) infrared (IR) imagery spatial characteristics temporal characteristics variance estimation ratio score

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Support Vector Machine based micro-Doppler signature classification of ground targets

Support Vector Machine based micro-Doppler signature classif...

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2013 10th European Radar conference, EuRAD 2013 - Held as Part of 16th European Microwave Week, EuMW 2013

作者： Javed, Aamir Liaqat, Sidrah Bin Ihsan, Mojeeb College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9782874870330

In this paper, design of a micro-Doppler signature classifier for NR-V3 Ground Surveillance Radar* is discussed. the classifier distinguishes between pedestrians, vehicles and no target (noise) classes. Feature vector inputs for the classifier are extracted by preprocessing the FFT spectrum of radar backscattered signal. Support Vector Machine (SVM) with Radial Basis Function (RBF) and Polynomial kernels is used for classification of feature vectors. the classifiers are trained and tested using data collected with NR-V3 radar. this technique achieves a classification accuracy of over 94%. © 2013 EMA.

关键词： Principal component analysis

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Comparison of Measured and Simulated IR signals from a Scaled Model Ship

Comparison of Measured and Simulated IR Signals from a Scale...

引用

25th SPIE conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Kim, Dong-Geon Han, Kuk-Il Choi, Jun-Hyuk Kim, Tae-Kuk Chung Ang Univ Dept Mech Engn Seoul 156756 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497079

the goal of the present study is to develop a S/W that predicts infrared signals from objects synthetically by considering the internal and external factors, such as surface properties, internal heat sources, solar irradiations, atmospheric temperature, etc. As a part of developing a S/W, this paper contains some results of the measured and simulated IR signals for comparison and validation. the scaled model ship used in this study is made of 3mm-thick steel and 1.5m long. It has virtual internal heat sources that are made of a brass block with a heater. the experiments are performed under an indoor environment to exclude the external effects such as solar irradiance, wind effect, etc. the radiance from the ship is mainly due to the surface temperature because the effects of solar and wind are excluded. Also the IR signals are collected by the IR cameras which are operated at MWIR(3.7 similar to 5.1 mu m) and LWIR(7.5 similar to 9.1 mu m), respectively. At the same time, the atmospheric temperature and the relative humidity are measured to use for input conditions for calculation. the surface temperature and the IR signals within the two wavelengths are calculated by using the S/W developed in this study considering the 3D ship model, the internal heater temperature, and the atmospheric conditions. the temperature and IR signals from the scaled model ship obtained from measurements and from the S/W developed in this study are compared each other by showing fairly good agreements with each other.

关键词： Surface temperature IR signal Scaled model ship Heat source

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Comparing Multitarget Multisensor ML-PMHT with ML-PDA for VLO targets

Comparing Multitarget Multisensor ML-PMHT with ML-PDA for VL...

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International conference on Information Fusion

作者： Steven Schoenecker Peter Willett Yaakov Bar-Shalom NUWC Division Newport Electrical Engineering University of Connecticut

ISBN: (纸本)9781479902842

the Maximum Likelihood Probabilistic data Association (ML-PDA) tracker and the Maximum Likelihood Probabilistic Multi-Hypothesis (ML-PMHT) tracker are tested in their capacity as algorithms for very low observable targets (VLO, meaning 6 dB post-signal-processing or even less) and are then applied to five synthetic benchmark multistatic active sonar scenarios featuring multiple targets, multiple sources and multiple receivers. Both methods end up performing well in situations where there is a single target or widely-spaced targets. However, ML-PMHT has an inherent advantage over ML-PDA in that its likelihood ratio has a simple multitarget formulation, which allows it to be implemented as a true multitarget tracker. this formulation gives ML-PMHT superior performance for instances where multiple targets are closely spaced with similar motion dynamics.

关键词： ML-PDA ML-PMHT Multitarget ML-PMHT Maximum likelihood Multistatic Bistatic Sonar Tracking Multitarget Very low observable

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