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International conference on Microwaves, Radar and Wireless Communications

作者： M. Nalecz K. Kulpa Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland

In the paper a problem of estimation of target position in a modern DSP-based radar system is considered. the processes of target detection and estimation are separated. Raw radar data supplied to the detection block are buffered in large RAM memory and then partially post-processed by the estimation block in areas nearby detected targets. Such an approach allows for more elaborate estimation algorithms than using joint detection and estimation. We have adopted curve-fitting procedures for both azimuth and range estimation. Simulation results prove good performance even for small signal to noise ratios.

关键词： Azimuth Read-write memory Random access memory signal processing algorithms Digital signal processing Radar detection Object detection Curve fitting Scalability Digital signal processing chips

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Reliable motion detection of small targets in video with low signal-to-clutter ratios

Reliable motion detection of small targets in video with low...

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Proceedings of the 29th Annual 1995 International Carnahan conference on Security Technology

作者： Nichols, Scott A. Naylor, R.Brian Sandia Natl Lab Albuquerque United States

this paper describes a highly adaptive video motion detection and tracking algorithm that has been developed as part of Sandia's Advanced Exterior Sensor (AES) program. the AES detection and tracking algorithm provides good performance under stressing data and environmental conditions. Features of the algorithm include the following: reliable detection with negligible false alarm rate of variable velocity targets having low signal-to-clutter ratios;reliable tracking of targets that show motion that is non-inertial;automatic adaptation to both infrared and visible imagery with variable quality;and suppression of false alarms caused by sensor flaws or cutouts, or both.

关键词： Video signal processing

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X-RAY signal-processing ELECTRONICS FOR SOLID-STATE DETECTORS

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REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 1995年第2期66卷 2307-2309页

作者： FARROW, R DERBYSHIRE, GE DOBSON, BR DENT, AJ BOGG, D HEADSPIth, J LAWTON, R MARTINI, M TRAMMELL, R BUXTON, K EG&G ORTEC LTD OAK RIDGETN 37830

With recent improvements in synchrotron sources and x‐ray optics great pressures have been placed on detector systems to produce higher count rates and better resolutions. Present high performance 13 element germanium detector systems can give reasonable count rates with good resolution (～104–105 kHz per channel and ～250 eV FWHM at Fe55 with 0.5 μs shaping time). However, these systems are restricted by limitations in both the detector and in the analog pulse processing after the detector. With respect to the detector, increasing the number of channels without degrading the energy resolution is a great challenge due to increased crosstalk and capacitance. the analog pulse processing electronics are significantly limited by the dead time introduced by the shaping amplifier. this dead time causes pulse pileup at higher rates which leads to nonlinearity and poor resolution. this paper describes the XSPRESS system which has been developed at Daresbury Laboratory for the new Wiggler II beamline 16. this system overcomes previous limits in both signal processing and detector fabrication to give great improvements in system performance. the signal processing electronics departs from standard analog processing techniques and employs sophisticated adaptive digital signal processing hardware to reduce the dead time associated with each event to a minimum. this VME based technology allows us to vastly increase the count rate for each channel yet still retain the ability to gain very good resolution. the detector has been developed through a collaborative agreement with EG&G ORTEC and packs an unprecedented 30 germanium crystals into an extremely small area while still retaining the energy resolution of smaller arrays. this system has increased the throughput rate by an order of magnitude per channel and when all channels are implemented, an increase of at least two orders of magnitude for the whole array should be seen. data have been taken using this system on the SRS at Dare

关键词： signal processing X?RAY DETECTION COUNTING RATES GE SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTORS ENERGY RESOLUTION PREAMPLIFIERS

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SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS WIth A/D CONVERSION FOR MULTICHANNEL BIOELECTRIC RECORDINGS

SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS WITH A/D CONVERSION FOR MULTICHANNEL B...

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16th Annual International conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society on Engineering Advances: New Opportunities for Biomedical Engineers

作者： GRIMBERGEN, CA METTINGVANRIJN, AC PEPER, A UNIV AMSTERDAM ACAD MED CTRDEPT MED PHYS & INFORMAT1105 AZ AMSTERDAMNETHERLANDS

ISBN: (纸本)0780320506

Multichannel instrumentation for the recording of bioelectric events with a high quality should have an isolated section of small dimensions with signal transfer by a low capacitance transmission technique like an optical fiber link. A/D conversion in the isolated section simplifies signal transmission. In such designs it is beneficial to use one A/D converter per channel. the disadvantages of increased power consumption and cost can be expected to become less significant.

关键词： data recording

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ECG data compression using fractal interpolation

ECG data compression using fractal interpolation

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Proceedings of the 16th Annual International conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Part 1 (of 2)

作者： Jun, Young IL Yoon, Young Ro Yoon, Hyung Ro Yonsei Univ Kangwon-do Korea Republic of

this paper presents a fractal interpolation compression method for ECG's. the method represents any range of ECG signal by fractal interpolation parameters. the variable range size technique is employed in order to reduce the reconstruction error. small ranges are used for encoding rapidly varying parts of ECG to preserve the signal quality. the suggested algorithm was evaluated using MIT/BIH database. A high compression ratio is achieved with a relatively low percent rms difference (PRD).

关键词： data compression

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Enhanced onset detection accuracy "reduces" the electromechanical delay of distal muscles

Enhanced onset detection accuracy "reduces" the electromecha...

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Annual International conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： W. Wolf C. Staude U. Appel Institut für Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung Universität der Bundeswehr Munich Germany

Measuring the electromechanical delay (EMD) in muscles requires onset detection of motor responses, which mostly is done by interactive cursor setting or by simple algorithms using amplitude thresholds. For best accuracy of experimental EMD results, highly sophisticated onset detection methods seem desirable which allow to discover smallest changes in the observed signal. Here, the authors demonstrates that upgrading the signal evaluation method can lead to "erroneous" results, if the performance of the experimental setup does not match that of the signal processing tool. Using high resolution data acquisition and evaluation methods, the authors found motor responses with a very small (or even negative) EMD in a distal (hand) muscle but these proved to originate from fast contractions of proximal (arm and shoulder) muscles. their forces cannot be totally blocked by the wrist fixation due to the elastic skin tissue and, therefore, add to those of the slower hand muscle "reducing" their EMD artificially.< >

关键词： Muscles signal processing Delay signal processing algorithms signal resolution data acquisition Shoulder Wrist Skin

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ECG data compression using fractal interpolation

ECG data compression using fractal interpolation

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Annual International conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Young Il Jun Young Ro Yoon Hyung Ro Yoon Department of Biomedical Engineering Yonsei University Kangwon South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0780320506

Presents a fractal interpolation compression method for ECGs. the method represents any range of ECG signal by fractal interpolation parameters. the variable range size technique is employed in order to reduce the reconstruction error. small ranges are used for encoding rapidly varying parts of ECG to preserve the signal quality. the suggested algorithm was evaluated using MIT/BIH database. A high compression ratio is achieved with a relatively low percent rms difference.< >

关键词： Electrocardiography data compression Fractals Interpolation Encoding databases

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Analysis of impedance spectroscopy data: problems and new directions

Analysis of impedance spectroscopy data: problems and new di...

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Annual International conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： J.R. MacDonald Department of Physics and Astronomy North Carolina State University Chapel Hill NC USA

Summary form only given as follows: the author deals with the importance of analyzing impedance spectroscopy small-signal frequency-response data in ways which are appropriate to yield increased understanding of the underlying physico-chemical processes associated with the data and/or its use for process control and testing. Proper analysis requires complex nonlinear least squares fitting with appropriate weighting, and a well-developed computer program for such fitting is described. the value and power of such analysis is illustrated along with some of its problems. New analysis methods and interpretations are discussed which involve: (a) alternatives to Kronig-Kramers integral transformation; (b) new fitting models appropriate for solid materials; (c) ways of separating and understanding concomitant conduction-relaxation and dielectric-dispersion contributions to the overall response; and (d) estimation of distributions of relaxation times and barrier heights.< >

关键词： Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Frequency Process control Testing Least squares methods Solid modeling Conducting materials Dielectric materials

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A 16-channel readout chip - A new sparse data readout architecture 18

A 16-channel readout chip - A new sparse data readout archit...

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18th European Solid-State Circuits conference, ESSCIRC 1992

作者： Murray, R. Lovell, M. Didcot Oxfordshire United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)8798423207

this paper describes a new architecture for performing data compression on a large matrix of parallel digital inputs, only a small proportion of which carries a logical T. the system assigns a unique address to each of the active inputs (suppressing the inactive ones) and feeds them serially onto a data bus. the architecture is implemented using an array of CMOS digital signal processing ASICs, which have been designed at R.A.L, England and tested at C.E.R.N. in Geneva. © 1992 European Solid-State Circuits conference.

关键词： Digital signal processing

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A reconfigurable multiprocessor IC for prototyping of real-time data paths 39

A reconfigurable multiprocessor IC for prototyping of real-t...

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39th IEEE International Solid-State Circuits conference, ISSCC 1992

作者： Chen, C. Rabaey, Jan M. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California BerkeleyCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780305736

In real-time digital-signal processing systems, data often enter or leave the computationally intensive parts at small integer multiples of the clocking interval. In these cases, traditional microprocessor-based architectures are inadequate to meet the throughput requirements, and so clusters of dedicated data paths, hard-wired to closely match the algorithmic data flow, are often used. these architectures typically contain multiple concurrently operating data-path pipelines. the circuit reported targets the rapid implementation and prototyping of such architectures using reconfigurable multiprocessors. this circuit contains eight execution units (EXUs) connected via a dynamically controlled crossbar switch. It can operate at 25 MHz (200 MIPs) with a data I/O bandwidth of 400 MB/s and a typical power consumption of 0.45 W. It contains 140106 transistors on a 8.9×9.5 mm2 die, in 1.2μm CMOS technology. © 1992 IEEE.

关键词： Timing circuits

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