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Grid information services for distributed resource sharing

Grid information services for distributed resource sharing

引用

International symposium on high performance Distributed computing

作者： K. Czajkowski S. Fitzgerald I. Foster C. Kesselman Information Sciences Institute University of Southern California Marina del Rey CA USA Department of Computer Science California State University Los Angeles Northridge CA USA Department of Computer Science University of Chicago Chicago IL USA Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL USA

Grid technologies enable large-scale sharing of resources within formal or informal consortia of individuals and/or institutions: what are sometimes called virtual organizations. In these settings, the discovery, characterization, and monitoring of resources, services, and computations are challenging problems due to the considerable diversity; large numbers, dynamic behavior, and geographical distribution of the entities in which a user might be interested. Consequently, information services are a vital part of any Grid software infrastructure, providing fundamental mechanisms for discovery and monitoring, and hence for planning and adapting application behavior. We present an information services architecture that addresses performance, security, scalability, and robustness requirements. Our architecture defines simple low-level enquiry and registration protocols that make it easy to incorporate individual entities into various information structures, such as aggregate directories that support a variety of different query languages and discovery strategies. these protocols can also be combined with other Grid protocols to construct additional higher-level services and capabilities such as brokering, monitoring, fault detection, and troubleshooting. Our architecture has been implemented as MDS-2, which forms part of the Globus Grid toolkit and has been widely deployed and applied.

关键词： Resource management Protocols Monitoring computer architecture Large-scale systems Distributed computing Application software Information security Scalability Robustness

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Open data management solutions for problem solving environments: application of distributed authoring and versioning to the Extensible Computational Chemistry Environment

Open data management solutions for problem solving environme...

引用

International symposium on high performance Distributed computing

作者： K. Schuchardt J. Myers E. Stephan Pacific Northwest National Laboratory USA

Next-generation problem solving environments (PSEs) promise significant advances over those now available. they will span scientific disciplines and incorporate collaboration capabilities. they will host feature-detection and other agents, allow data mining and pedigree tracking, and provide access from a wide range of devices. Fundamental changes in PSE architecture are required to realize these and other PSE goals. this paper focuses specifically on issues related to data management and recommends an approach based on open, metadata-driven repositories with loosely defined, dynamic schemas. Benefits of this approach are discussed and the redesign of the Extensible Computational Chemistry Environment's (Ecce) data storage architecture to use such a repository is described, based on the distributed authoring and versioning (DAV) standard. the suitability of DAV for scientific data, the mapping of the Ecce schema to DAV, and promising initial results are presented.

关键词： Environmental management Problem-solving Best practices Data structures Distributed computing Chemistry Collaboration computer architecture Memory Ontologies

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File and object replication in data grids

File and object replication in data grids

引用

International symposium on high performance Distributed computing

作者： H. Stockinger A. Samar B. Allcock I. Foster K. Holtman B. Tierney CERN European Organisation for Nuclear Research (CERN) Geneva Switzerland Institute for Computer Science and Business Informatics University of Technology Vienna Vienna Austria California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory IL USA Department of Computer Science & The Computation Institute University of Chicago IL USA Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA

Data replication is a key issue in a data grid and can be managed in different ways and at different levels of granularity: for example, at the file level or the object level. In the high-energy physics community, data grids are being developed to support the distributed analysis of experimental data. We have produced a prototype data replication tool, the Grid Data Management Pilot (GDMP) that is in production use in one physics experiment, with middleware provided by the Globus toolkit used for authentication, data movement and other purposes. We present a new, enhanced GDMP architecture and prototype implementation that uses Globus data-grid tools for efficient file replication. We also explain how this architecture can address object replication issues in an object-oriented database management system. File transfer over wide-area networks requires specific performance tuning in order to gain optimal data transfer rates. We present performance results obtained with GridFTP, an enhanced version of FTP, and discuss tuning parameters.

关键词： computer science Data analysis Prototypes Laboratories Production computer networks Distributed computing Environmental management Databases Informatics

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Applying Grid technologies to bioinformatics

Applying Grid technologies to bioinformatics

引用

International symposium on high performance Distributed computing

作者： M. Karo C. Dwan J. Freeman J. Weissman M. Livny E. Retzel Center for Computational Genomics and Bioinformatics University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA Department of Computer Science University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA Department of Computer Science University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA

the science of bioinformatics provides researchers with the tools necessary to unravel the mysteries of life and evolution, discover cures for disease, and control the evolution of living organisms. To assist researchers in managing the growing data processing and management demands associated with bioinformatics, we have created a production system that draws upon Grid based technologies to control several aspects of the process. We briefly discuss system architecture, results, and future directions of the project.

关键词： Bioinformatics Data processing Organisms Genetics Resource management Evolution (biology) Technology management Production systems Humans Diseases

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Open metadata formats: efficient XML-based communication for high performance computing

Open metadata formats: efficient XML-based communication for...

引用

International symposium on high performance Distributed computing

作者： P. Widener G. Eisenhauer K. Schwan College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

high-performance computing faces considerable change as the Internet and the Grid mature. Applications that once were tightly-coupled and monolithic are now decentralized, with collaborating components spread across diverse computational elements. Such distributed systems most commonly communicate through the exchange of structured data. Definition and translation of metadata is incorporated in all systems that exchange structured data. We observe that the manipulation of this metadata can be decomposed into three separate steps: discovery, binding of program objects to the metadata, and marshaling of data to and from wire formats. We have designed a method of representing message formats in XML, using datatypes available in the XML Schema specification. We have implemented a tool, XMIT that uses such metadata and exploits this decomposition in order to provide flexible run-time metadata definition facilities for an efficient binary communication mechanism. We also demonstrate that the use of XMIT makes possible such flexibility at little performance cost.

关键词： high performance computing Grid computing XML Costs Application software computer architecture Instruments Educational institutions Internet Collaboration

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Accelerating Statistical Texture Analysis with an FPGA-DSP Hybrid architecture

Accelerating Statistical Texture Analysis with an FPGA-DSP H...

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Annual IEEE symposium on Field-Programmable Custom computing Machines (FCCM)

作者： F.I. Pico S.C. Asensi V. Corcoles Universidad de Alicante Depto. de Tecnología Informática y Computación Universidad de Alicante Alicante Spain

Nowadays, most image processing systems are implemented using either MMX-optimized software libraries or, when time requirements are limited, expensive high performance DSP-based boards. In this paper we present a texture analysis co-processor concept that permits the efficient hardware implementation of statistical feature extraction, and hardware-software codesign to achieve high-performance low-cost solutions. We propose a hybrid architecture based on FPGA chips, for massive data processing, and digital signal processor (DSP) for floating-point computations. In our preliminary trials with test images, we achieved sufficient performance improvements to handle a wide range of real-time applications.

关键词： Acceleration Image texture analysis computer architecture Image processing Software libraries Coprocessors Hardware Feature extraction Field programmable gate arrays Data processing

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Linear-time matrix transpose algorithms using vector register file with diagonal registers

Linear-time matrix transpose algorithms using vector registe...

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International symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： B. Hanounik X. Hu Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769509908

Matrix transpose operation (MT) is used frequently in many multimedia and high performance applications. therefore, using a faster MT operation results in a shorter execution time of these applications. In this paper we propose two new MT algorithms. the algorithms exploit diagonal register properties to achieve a linear-time execution of MT operation using vector processor that supports diagonal registers. We demonstrate the algorithms as well as proofs, examples, and various enhancements to the proposed algorithms A performance evaluation shows that the proposed algorithms are at least twice as fast as one of the leading MT algorithms such as an algorithm that is implemented using Motorola's AltiVec architecture (n/spl ges/16). We believe that our work opens new doors to improve the execution time of many two-dimensional operations such as DCT, DFT, and Shearsort.

关键词： Registers Vector processors Acceleration Application software computer architecture computer science Discrete cosine transforms Multimedia computing Scientific computing Sections

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Parallel retrograde analysis on different architecture

Parallel retrograde analysis on different architecture

引用

International symposium on high performance Distributed computing

作者： Ren Wu D.F. Beal HP Laboratories Hewlett Packard Company USA Department of Computer Science Queen Mary & Westfield College London University UK

Retrograde analysis is an efficient exhaustive search method. It is a powerful tool that can be used in solving problems where end states have known values but starting states do not. It has been widely used to solve mathematically-precise games such as chess endgames, and is potentially usable in energy-minimization problems. With increasing computing power, both in speed and storage capacity, retrograde analysis will become more and more useful. this paper looks at successful applications to games, the challenges ahead and the modifications that are required to utilize distributed hardware. the power and the usefulness of retrograde analysis are still limited by the computing resources one has access to. Today, the best sequential retrograde algorithms are capable of solving problems with about 10/sup 9/ states in a few hours on a standard personal computer. Bigger problems need more powerful computers, or take much longer to solve, or are simply out of the reach of today's technologies. Introducing parallelism to retrograde analysis is a natural way to attack the bigger problems. there are today three main architectures available for doing parallel retrograde analysis, namely symmetric multiprocessor (SMP) systems, high-speed network-based distributed systems and Internet-based distributed systems. In this paper, we discuss some of the key issues in doing parallel retrograde analysis on these different architectures. Technical challenges are addressed in detail, as well as some examples and proposals. these examples and proposals are drawn from various board games, but the ideas can be applied to other problem domains.

关键词： computer architecture Proposals Laboratories Search methods Hardware Microcomputers Parallel processing Multiprocessing systems high-speed networks IP networks

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Models for replica synchronisation and consistency in a data grid

Models for replica synchronisation and consistency in a data...

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International symposium on high performance Distributed computing

作者： D. Dullmann W. Hoschek J. Jaen-Martinez B. Segal A. Samar H. Stockinger K. Stockinger CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research Geneva 23 Switzerland California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA Inst. for Computer Science and Business Informatics University of Vienna Vienna Austria

Data grids are currently proposed solutions to large-scale data management problems, including efficient file transfer and replication. Large amounts of data and the world-wide distribution of data stores contribute to the complexity of the data management challenge. Recent architecture proposals and prototypes deal with replication of read-only files but do not address the replica synchronisation problem. We propose a new data grid service, called the Grid Consistency Service (GCS), that sits on top of existing data grid services and allows for replica update synchronisation and consistency maintenance. We give models for different levels of consistency, provided to the Grid user and discuss how they can be included into a replica consistency service for a data grid.

关键词： computer science Informatics Large-scale systems Proposals Prototypes Physics

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Middleware support for global access to integrated computational collaboratories

Middleware support for global access to integrated computati...

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International symposium on high performance Distributed computing

作者： V. Mann M. Parashar The Applied Software Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA

the growth of the Internet and the advent of the computational "Grid" have made it possible to develop and deploy advanced computational collaboratories. these systems build on high-end computational resources and communication technologies underlying the Grid, and provide seamless and collaborative access to particular resources, services or applications. Integrating these "focused" collaboratories presents significant challenges. Key among these is the design and development of robust middleware support that addresses scalability, service discovery, security and access control, and interaction and collaboration management for consistent access. the authors first investigate the architecture of such a middleware that enables global (Web-based) access to collaboratories. they then present the design and implementation of a middleware substrate that enables a peer-to-peer integration of and global (collaborative) access to geographically distributed instances of the DISCOVER computational collaboratory for interaction and steering.

关键词： Middleware Grid computing International collaboration Peer to peer computing Internet Communications technology Robust control Scalability Communication system security Access control

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